• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2011

The ultimate purpose of this study is to improve the irrational system related to flame retardant coating performance test of field flame retardant coating articles and to secure the reliability of flame retardant coating through rational flame retardant coating test. To achieve this, the analysis was conducted on the interior finishing materials used in the interior fields and the trends of recent field flame retardant coating, based on the results of flame retardant coating performance test of field flame retardant coating articles which the first-line fire stations have recently conducted. And I attempted to present the methods of field flame retardant coating performance test suitable to current realities and the ways of improvement for securing reliability by analyzing the problems with the methods and procedures of field flame retardant coating articles and the registration system of flame retardant coating business.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.17-22
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• 2013

The production of flame-retardant polypropylene powder coating with the addition of flame retardant (PP) controlled rheology (CR) and polypropylene, were discussed comparing the mechanical properties, such as safety and topical coating properties. Mechanical properties measurements showed almost the same as AA-1 where the flame retardant is not added. These results appear to, and because it is excellent in compatibility with polypropylene and flame retardant. Physical properties of the coating film, a test piece flame retardant organic is added, although it shows the physical properties of the coating film was stable, did not show the physical properties satisfactory is the test piece flame retardant of weapons has been added. In the safety of the topic, AA-4, AA-5 the results of thermal analysis but it is excellent, the LOI is excellent in 27.8 vol% 27.0 vol% in AA-4 and AA-2, AA-3, and 27.4 vol%, did not show many obstacles flame AA-5 result UL94.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.178-183
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• 2022

For enhancing the flame-retardant properties of wallpapers, we developed an organic-inorganic hybrid solution with ZrSiO₄ as a functional ceramic powder, coated on non-woven fabric using dip coating, spray coating, and slot-die coating methods. Their flame retardant properties were characterized by a 45° combustion tester, which is manufactured according to the flame-retardant performance standard (KOFEIS 1001 and KS F 2819). In organic-inorganic hybrid solution, with increasing the concentration of acid-catalyst (acetic acid), the precipitation of ZrSiO₄ powders increased, and the flame retardant properties decreased. The highest flame retardant result was obtained for the solution adding 5 wt% acetic acid. The optimization of the coating method and coating number resulted in the most excellent flame-retardant properties being obtained for the non-woven fabric coated for 5 or 7 times by dip coating method, and their flame-retardant properties corresponded to class 2 flame-retardant performance of wallpapers.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.38 no.4 s.117
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• pp.61-67
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• 2006

The effect of several inorganic flame-retardants such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide and antimony trioxide on the flame-retardant property and tensile strength of paper has been investigated. Flame-retardants were used preferably as a dry powdered mixture and added to the furnish. Both dipping and coating treatments were employed to apply flame-retardants to paper Flame-retardant paper was manufactured by treatment of $5{\sim}30%$ flame-retardants by weight of the paper on a dry weight. Paper's flame-retardant property and tensile strength were examined by comparison of char length and tensile index. As dosages of flame-retardant chemicals increased, flame-retardant property was improved but tensile index was decreased.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.172-179
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• 2002

In this study, two materials treated with a flame retardant were examined for their fire resistance. The first, MDF (medium density fiberboard) was overlaid by an oak sliced veneer, which was either treated by soaking in a 6wt.% solution of flame retardant chemicals (pentabromine-chlorinated paraffin) or non-treated and then was coated with either a flame retardant polyurethane coating or with a common polyurethane coating. The second material, Pinus koraiensis penal was either treated by a spray treatment using a flame retardant solution or non-treated and then was coated with either a flame retardant polyurethane coating or with a common polyurethane coating. Pentabromine-chorinated paraffin chemicals were added (6 part of urethane resin) as the flame retardant chemicals in the polyurethane coatings. In the fire resistance test, the th𝜃(℃·min) decreased with the flame retardant treatment or/and the flame retardant coatings, compared to the untreated sample Weight loss (%) decreased with the flame retardant treatment or/and the flame retardant coatings. The ignition time (sec.) increased and the residual flame time (sec.) decreased with the flame retardant treatment or/and flame retardant coatings. Therefore, the flame retardant treatment or/and flame retardant polyurethane coatings have excellent incombustibility.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.537-542
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• 2011

Magnesium hydroxide as a non-halogen flame retardant has increasing attention due to its non-toxicity, high decomposition temperature and smoke suppressant ability during combustion. For the application of magnesium hydroxide retardant to the textile by soaking and coating method, the prerequisite for the coating is a small particle size, stable dispersion, and adhesion to the textile. The dispersion of $Mg(OH)_2$ particles and stability of the coating was checked by monitoring the change of transmittance and backscattering by varying the types of dispersion agents, binder, solvent, and $Mg(OH)_2$ source, and their compositions in the coating. The $Mg(OH)_2$ dispersion coating was applied to PET(poly(ethylene terephthalate)) non-woven textile. The physical properties are characterized by surface morphology, amount of coating, particle dispersion, and adhesion test. The flame retardant $Mg(OH)_2$ coated textile has been compared by limited oxygen index(LOI) and thermal gravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC). It was found that phosphorous additive may give synergistic effect on $Mg(OH)_2$ flame retardant coating to make the flame retardant PET non-woven textile.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.167-168
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• 2010

Non coating type Low melting yarn(L/M PET) not to use the polyurethane resin causing some problems was knitting and evaluated its dyeing characteristics, heat setting properties and flame-retardant properties without flame retardant agent or flame retardant fabric. In order to investigate the dyeing property of fabric of L/M PET, the dyeing of L/M PET was experimented at each different dyeing temperature. Higher exhaustion yield was achieved at lower temperature of L/M PET compared to regular PET. According to result of the study for the heat setting properties of L/M fiber, the K/S value of dyed L/M fiber increased as much as the heat setting temperature did. The experiment for the light fastness reached similar result to dyed PET. However washing fastness in L/M fiber showed lower grade compared with regular PET. flame-retardant efficiency of L/M PET without flame retardant agent or flame retardant fabric measured by $45^{\circ}$ burn test and Contact burn test. The flame?retardant performance of the sample was carried out according to the Korea Fire-fighting Standard.[KOFEIS 1001].

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.67-72
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• 2016

The development of flame retardants aims to prevent the spread of fire and reduce the casualties caused by flammable and toxic gases generated during the combustion of building materials used in the interiors of multi-use facilities. Flame material application provides flame resistance to a silica sol in an organic-inorganic hybrid material by flame retardant adhesive or coating by producing a sol-gel method. The conventional flame retardant materials, non-flame retardant material is applied with Halogen freeway. In particular, the basic physical properties of conventional adhesive coating improves the heat resistance, enhances the durability fire and heat, and expands the halogen free flame retardant of building materials.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.1652-1656
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• 2022

Fire tests were conducted on cables using fire-retardant paint employed in nuclear power plants that transmit electrical power, control and instrument signals. The failure criteria of various power and control cables coated with fire retardant coating at three different coating thicknesses (~0.5 mm, 1.0 mm & 1.5 mm) were studied under direct flame test using Container Fire Test Facility (CFTF) based on standard tests for bare cables. A direct flame fire test was conducted for 10 min with an LPG ribbon burner rated at ten by fixing the cable samples in a vertical cable track. Inner sheath temperature was measured until ambient conditions were achieved by natural convection. The cables are visually evaluated for damage and the mass loss percentage. Cable functionality is ascertained by checking for electrical continuity for each sample. The thickness of cable coating on fire exposure is also studied by comparing the transient variation of inner sheath temperature along the Cable length. This study also evaluated the adequacy of fire-retardant coating on cables used for safety-critical equipment in nuclear power plants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.45-52
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is application to flame retardant powder coating(FRPC) material consisting of ammonium polyphosphate(APP) and magnesium hydroxide($Mg(OH)_2$) as a halogen free flame retardant into thermoplastic resin(LDPE-g-MAH). For improvement of adhesion, LDPE-g-MAH was synthesized from low density polyethylene(LDPE) and maleic anhydride(MAH). The mechanical properties as melt flow index, pencil hardness, cross-hatch adhesion and impact resistance of FRPC were measured. Also, the limited oxygen index(LOI) values were measured 17.3vol%, 31.1vol% and 33.7vol% for LDPE-g-MAH, FRPC-3(APP 15wt%, $Mg(OH)_2$ 15wt%) and FRPC-5(APP 30 wt%), respectively. The thermo gravimetry/differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA) of FPRC-3 was observed endothermic peak at $340^{\circ}C$ and $450^{\circ}C$, it was confirmed predominant thermal stability though the wide temperature range by APP and $Mg(OH)_2$. It was showed V-0 grade for FRPC-3 and FRPC-4(APP 20wt%, $Mg(OH)_2$ 10wt%) that a char formation and drip suppressing effect, and combustion time reduced by UL94(vertical burning test). It was confirmed that flame retardancy was improved with the synergy effect because of char formation by APP and $Mg(OH)_2$.