• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.684-693
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze fish communities in the Wonju stream located in Wonju-si in Gangwon-do, and to evaluate the health of the stream through past and present changes. We performed investigations four times from May 2015 to September 2016. In the survey, 5,201 individuals which belonged to 27 species and 9 families were collected. Zacco platypus was the dominant species and Pungtungia herziwas the subdominant species. Eight Korean endemic species (Acanthorhodeus gracilis, Zacco koreanus, Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Squalidus gracilis majimae, Microphysogobio yaluensis, Iksookimia koreensis, Koreocobitis rotundicaudata, Coreoperca herzi) were observed and showed a ratio of 16.54%. The fish community of dominance ($0.72{\pm}0.10$), diversity ($1.37{\pm}0.32$), evenness ($0.61{\pm}0.13$), and richness ($1.70{\pm}0.23$) were evaluated. According to our analysis of tolerance guilds, the total individual number of intermediate species was higher than the sensitive and tolerant species. As a result of the trophic guild analysis,the omnivore and insectivore species were relatively high. The value of the qualitative habitat evaluation index (QHEI) in the wonju stream was averaged 121.2 (${\pm}23.4$), indicating a suboptimal condition. Stream health showed that the fish assessment index (FAI) value was an A to C grade in the Wonju stream. A correlation coefficient analysis with FAI and various factors was analysed statistically, and had a high correlation in QHEI, with the omnivore species, insectivore species, intermediate species, sensitive species, dominance, diversity, evenness, and richness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.56-63
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• 1986

This study was designed to be link in the chain of the investigation on daily life and consciousness of longevous people in Korea, and to investigated the dietary life and its habit of longevous people in the past. The dietary life ana its habit were surveyed on 379 subjects (male 121, female 258) of the aged who were above 80 years of age, from June to November in 1985. 1. Of the taste on staple food of longevous peoples in the past(between 40 and 60 years), 'meal mixed with barley' had the highest figure of 49.9%, followed by 'boiled rice'(47.0%). But it is showed that male preferred 'meal mixed with barley'(56.2%) to 'boiled rice'(41.3%). whereas female slightly preferred 'boiled rice'(49.6%) to 'meal mixed with barley'(46.9%). 2. Of the experience of the food taste of these aged in the past, 'not salted' and 'light' had the highest figures of all 40.6%. It is showed that longevous peoples preferred 'not salted'(40.6%) and 'light'(40.6%) to 'salty'(24.5%) and 'oily'(9.8% ), respectively. 3. By comparison of the intake state of animal protein(meat and fish) of these aged in the past, 'occasionally' was the highest of 55.4%, and decreased in the order of 'almost daily'(31.9%) and 'scarcely'(12.7%). Therefore, it is believed that 87.5% of longevous peoples has taken animal protein 'occasionally' and 'almost daily'. 4. The intakes of major foods above $4{\sim}6$ times a week of these aged in the past and present showed 50.4% and 67.5% for meat, fish, egg and soybean products, 26.6% and 51.5% for milk and its products, 89.9% and 81.0% for vegetables, 58.9% and 64.0% for oiled food, and 57.0% ana 62.934 for seaweeds, respectively.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.189-205
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• 1994

Formerly, adult-tiger puffer, Takifugu rubripes with ova caught in the sea, were used for seedling production. But it was difficult to secure naturally-ripened adults. For the purpose of adult tiger puffer in captivity, this study was carried out. To determine the growth 220 tiger puffers hatched in 1990 (3-year-old) and 1991 (2-year-old) were used. For spawning and egg incubation leading to fry development, eggs were stripped from tiger puffers hatched in 1988 (5-year-old) and 1990 (3-year-old) through human chorionic gonadotropin (BCG) treatments. In May, 1993, mean body length and mean body weight of 2-year-old tiger puffer were $30.72\pm1.35cm\;and\;1,048\pm228 g,$ and that of 3-year-old tiger puffers were $36.02\pm1.17cm$ and $1,402\pm66g$ respectively. The relationship between body length (L) and body weight (W) of 2-year-old the tiger puffers during the experiment period was represented as $W\;=\;1.7892L^{31524}\times10^5$ (r= 0.9436) and that of 3-year-old, $W=\;3.2840L^{36099}\times10^6$ (r= 0.9070) respectively. The GSI in female 2-year-old-fish changed from $0.23\times0.l2\;to\;0.74\pm0.08$, during the experiment period, and in male it didn't change remarkably until November, but thereafter it increased and showed a peak of $8.69\pm5.09$. The GSI of 3-year-old-fish showed a peak of $8.05\pm5.58$ in April in female and $12.65\pm4.60$ in May in male. The change of HSI in 3-year-old-fish was correlative to the change of GSI, but in 2-year-old-fish it was little correlative. In female gonad of 2-year-old tiger puffer, the mature oocytes reached $350{\mu}m$ in April, but thereafter they didn't spawn and became atrophied. But in male gonad, a great number of spermatozoa were crowded in the testicular lobuli in April. Female gonad of 3-year-old tiger puffer had the mature oocytes of 650 pm in March and the ripe oocytes, $900{\mu}m$ in April. Male testis development was similar to that of 2-year-old-fish. Egg-stripping after hormone treatments was possible past 139 hours and 142 hours from each of two 5-year-old-fish (500IU/kg, BW), and after 114 hour from a 3-year-old-fish (1,000 IU/kg, BW) under water temperature $16.3\~17.8^{\circ}C$. Eggs stripped amounted was 650 g and 400 g from two 5-year-old-fish and 610 g from the 3-year-old-fish, and fertilization rates were $98.0\%,\;97.4\%\;and\;96.5\%$ respectively. All the hatched larvae devloped into normal fry.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.223-232
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• 2012

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between fish consumption and blood mercury levels in a sample of adult Koreans. Methods: The study subjects were 299 residents of Busan (male: 65, female: 234) and 185 residents of Namhae (male: 69, female: 116), South Korea. Demographic characteristics, current smoking, current drinking, fish consumption per week, past history of amalgam treatment, and residential district were recorded by trained interviewers in June and July, 2009. We considered a portion of fish to be equivalent to 70 gm weight, and calculated amounts of fish consumed per week. Using chi-square tests, t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis, we estimated the relationships between blood mercury levels and amount of fish consumed per week and other factors. Results: The mean blood mercury level of our subjects was 6.61 ${\mu}g/L$, higher than the criterion defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (5.8 ${\mu}g/L$). In multiple linear regression analysis, residential district and amount of fish consumed per week were associated with blood mercury levels. However, marital status, current drinking, and gender, and age were not associated with blood mercury levels. Conclusions: In conclusion, we suggest the implementation of systematic and periodic population-based studies to decrease the risks of mercury poisoning among South Koreans who consume fish as a regular part of the diet.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.231-243
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• 2022

Anthropogenic disturbances on freshwater ecosystem are known to degrade biodiversity, especially on fish assemblage. In this study, we have conducted fish surveys to identify impact of a bridge construction on fish assemblages. A total of eight study sites were surveyed in the Danjang and the Dong Stream in southern part of South Korea from June to November in 2021. The fish samplings were carried out five times, using cast-nets(10×10 mm mesh size), scoop-nets(4×4 mm, 5×5 mm mesh size), set-nets (10×10 mm mesh size), and fish traps (3×3 mm mesh size), along with the Stream/River Ecosystem Survey and Health Assessment by the Ministry of Environment of Korea and basic water quality measurement. Also, we applied the species diversity index and length-weight relationship regressions on certain species to identify interspecific growth rate differences in accordance with study sites. As a result, a total of 782 individuals, 23 species and 10 families were collected. The dominant species was Zacco Koreanus and relative abundance was 50.89%. When applying the length-weight relationship regressions on certain species, the 'b' value for Z. Koreanus was lower at the downstream points than at the upstream points of the construction site. In addition, when comparing to the results of the past survey, relative density of demersal fish at the upstream and downstream points decreased from 26% to 1.4%, and from 18% to 6.3%, respectively. In conclusion, it is considered that bridge construction negatively affects the habitat of fishes, especially on demersal fishes. Therefore, appropriate conservation efforts such as installation of silt protector and sand sedimentation pond are needed to alleviate the disturbance in habitat such as occurrence of turbidity and destruction of micro-habitats.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.99-110
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• 2022

We investigated physicochemical properties and isotopic compositions of organic matter (δ¹³C_TOC and δ ¹⁵N_TN) in the old fish farming (OFF) site after the cessation of aquaculture farming. Based on this approach, our objective is to determine the organic matter origin and their relative contributions preserved at sediments of fish farming. Temporal and spatial distribution of particulate and sinking organic matter(OFF sites: 2.0 to 3.3 mg L^-1 for particulate matter concentration, 18.8 to 246.6 g m^-2 day^-1 for sinking organic matter rate, control sites: 2.0 to 3.5 mg L^-1 for particulate matter concentration, 25.5 to 129.4 g m^-2 day^-1 for sinking organic matter rate) between both sites showed significant difference along seasonal precipitations. In contrast to variations of δ¹³C_TOC and δ¹⁵N_TN values at water columns, these isotopic compositions (OFF sites: -21.5‰ to -20.4‰ for δ¹³ C_TOC, 6.0‰ to 7.6‰ for δ¹⁵N_TN, control sites: -21.6‰ to -21.0‰ for δ¹³C_TOC, 6.6‰ to 8.0‰ for δ¹⁵N_TN) investigated at sediments have distinctive isotopic patterns(p<0.05) for seawater-derived nitrogen sources, indicating the increased input of aquaculture-derived sources (e.g., fish fecal). With respect to past fish farming activities, representative sources(e.g., fish fecal and algae) between both sites showed significant difference (p<0.05), confirming predominant contribution (55.9±4.6%) of fish fecal within OFF sites. Thus, our results may determine specific controlling factor for sustainable use of fish farming sites by estimating the discriminative contributions of organic matter between both sites.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 1999

Fibrocapsa japonica (Raphidophyceae) is regarded as a harmful algal bloom organism in Japanese waters, where it has been linked to fish kills. Fibrocapsa is a common species in New Zealand coastal waters, particularly in the Hauraki Gulf, where it has regularly bloomed in the spring under E1 Nino climate conditions for the past six years. The New Zealand isolate had 1.4 times more total polyunsaturated acids than the Japanese isolate under the same growth conditions, suggesting that eicosapentaenoic acid in particular coold be used as a discriminating chemotaxonomic marker. The molecular probes tested showed no differential binding of the raphidophytes to lectins, but oligonucleotide probes targeted F. japonica ribosomal RNA bound specifically to both isolates. Neither strain was toxic in mouse or neuroblastoma bioassays. There is no evidence that the New Zealand F. japonica isolates investigated to date produce ichthyotoxins.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.161-164
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• 2008

One specimen of Pteraclis aesticola was collected off San Jose del Cabo, Baja California Sur, Mexico ($22^{\circ}54'N$, $109^{\circ}45'W$), in March 2007. Present record is the first reported occurrence of the species in the Tropical Eastern Pacific biogeographic region (Gulf of California to southern Ecuadorian waters). Its large fan-like anal and dorsal fins and its counts of fin rays and vertebrae can distinguish the Pacific fanfish from the other species in the genus. This fish may have not yet been recorded in the region because its presence has been overlooked in the past because of rarity and lack of commercial value.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.159-165
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• 2018

This review outlines the past and current technology development and research trends on the superchilling technic along with packaging technology such as modified atmosphere packaging. A superchilling technic combined with appropriate packaging technologies such as Modified Atmosphere Packaging is beneficial and promising for fish and meat products in terms of freshness and shelf-life extension although there are many barriers for commercialization such as temperature control throughout supply chain.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.127-128
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• 2003

During the past decade a reduced risk pesticide registration program has been in operation in the United States (Racke, 1992). The general principle of the reduced risk pesticide registration program in the U.S. is to give registration priority and accelerated approval to products with the most favorable characteristics as compared to currently available alternatives (EPA, 1997). The overall objective is to accelerate the introduction of these types of products so that marketplace choices rather than increased regulatory restrictions can lead to replacement of older products and technologies with newer ones. Under the program, pesticides classified as “reduced risk” products must meet several or all of the following criteria as compared with currently available alternatives: $\textbullet$ Reduced risks to human health $\textbullet$ Reduced risks to non-target organisms (e.g., fish, birds) $\textbullet$ Reduced potential for contamination of environmental resources (water, air, soil) $\textbullet$ Broadened adoption of integrated pest management