• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.271-273
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• 2022

Parabrachiella trichiuri (Yamaguti, 1939), a copepod parasitic on the ribbonfish Trichiurus lepturus (Linnaeus, 1758), is recorded as a new record of Korean fauna. The copepod is the only known species of the family Lernaeopodidae parasitic on T. lepturus. Parabrachiella trichiuri can be differentiated from its congeners by a combination of characters: the trunk is pyriform, with two pairs of processes, the maxilla is less than half as long as the cephalothorax, and the genital process is not protruding from the margin of the trunk. This species had been assigned to different genera, such as Clavellopsis Wilson, 1915, Isobranchia Heegaard, 1947, and Neobrachiella Kabata, 1979.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.2
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• pp.270-284
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• 1966

(1) The author surveyed the environmental factors and the fauna of Sung-Yoo Cave(360m in length) from November 29 to December 2, 1961. (2) Air temperature, water temperature, moisture, water depth, water gravity, oxygen concentration carbon dioxide concentration and pH in water of the cave were studied as enveronmental factors. The results are shown in the Table 1~7 and Fig.3. (3) Four species of troglobite (22.2%). seven of troglophile(38.9%). four of troglozene(22.2%). and three of parasite constitute the terrestrial fauna of Sung-yoo Cave. In the other hand, all of the aquatic fauna(4 species of fish) of the cave were troglozene. (5) None of the species of animals listed in this paper has ever been recorded in Korea.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.113-120
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• 2022

Scuticociliatosis caused by Miamiensis avidus is a very important parasitic disease in olive flounder farming industry. The aim of this study was to determine effect of combined treatment with blue LED (light-emitting diode) illumination and formalin on olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) infected with M. avidus. Different intensity of 405 nm LED (20, 40, and 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) was illuminated on 2.2×10⁴ cells/well of M. avidus in a 24 well microplate for 24 h. Also, 2.4×10⁴ cells/well of M. avidus were exposed to varying combinations of 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 of 405 nm LED and serial 10-fold dilutions of formalin (from 10 to 100 ppm) for 15, 30, 45, and 60 min. Surviving M. avidus were counted using a hemocytometer. For in vivo test, flounder acclimatized at 11-12 practical salinity unit (psu) were challenged with 2×10⁶ cells/ml of M. avidus by immersion method for 1 h. Then, fish were moved and divided into four groups; "F" group, treated with formalin at 50 ppm; "L" group, treated with 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 of 405 nm LED; "C" group, treated with combination of the two methods; and the control group. After treatment for 30 min, fish were transferred to new tanks (salinity = 11-12 psu) and observed for 3 weeks. As a result, illumination of 405 nm LED at 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 killed 100% of M. avidus after 12 h, while 67% and 90% of the scuticociliate died at 20 and 40 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, respectively, after 24 h exposure. One hundred percent of M. avidus was killed at 90, 80, 80 and 70 ppm after exposure to formalin for 15, 30, 45 and 60 min, respectively. However, combined method (e.g., 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 of 405 nm-LED plus 50 ppm formalin) killed the parasite within 30 min. From in vivo test, similarly, survival rates of fish challenged with M. avidus were 100%, 43%, 29% and 0% in the C, F, L, and control groups, respectively. Results obtained in this study demonstrates that the combined treatment method has clear synergistic effect on scuticociliatosis in fish.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.96-100
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• 2018

Clonorchis sinensis is a main parasite that infects humans by making freshwater fish as an intermediate host in South Korea. There are so many reports about the infestation status of Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae (CsMc) in freshwater fish living in the river, but there are a few studies of fish in the lake. In this study, we examined CsMc in Cyprinid fish sampled from Soyang Lake, Namyang Lake, Andong Lake and Chunchun Lake from 2016 to 2017. Metacercaria of trematodes were found from Hemiculter eigenmanni and Carassius auratus in Namyang Lake, and Zacco platypus and Opsarichthys uncirostris in Soyang Lake. As a result of PCR using Clonorchis sinensis specific primer sets, it was confirmed that the metacercariae from Hemiculter eigenmanni in Namyang Lake was CsMc. This study provides information on CsMc infestation status of Cyprinid fish in four lakes and it is the first report of CsMc infestation in Namyang Lake.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.346-357
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• 2016

Purpose: This study attempted to investigate the prevalence and related factors of Clonorchiasis among five major riverside residents in South Korea. Methods: This study is descriptive research, nationwide survey, and the subjects are 23,492 residents selected by convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted between March 1 and June 30, 2011, and stool collection and questionnaire survey were conducted by affiliated public health centers in 38 cities and Gun's. Results: The prevalence rates of Clonorchiasis in the five major riversides were as follows: the Guem River 15.2%; the Nakdong River 11.9%; the Seomjin River 10.9%; the Han River 5.7%; and the Yeongsan River 3.9%. The prevalence rates were shown to be significantly high among people who had highly frequent experiences of eating and cooking freshwater raw fish, were diagnosed with liver and/or biliary tract diseases, and drank less than once a month. Conclusion: These results suggest that it is necessary to improve awareness of Clonorchiasis and provide intensive public health education for the riverside residents. And the target groups should be set up by reflecting the characteristics of at-risk groups, and it is necessary to prepare customized strategies for prevention and management of Clonorchiasis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.607-612
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• 2019

The aim of this parasitological study is examining contemporary (the late 20th century) specimens of the arctic or subarctic areas in Western Siberia and comparing them with the information acquired from archaeological samples from the same area. In the contemporary specimens, we observed the parasite eggs of 3 different species: Opisthochis felineus, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Enterobius vermicularis. Meanwhile, in archaeoparasitological results of Vesakoyakha, Kikki-Akki, and Nyamboyto I burial grounds, the eggs of Diphyllobothrium and Taenia spp. were found while no nematode (soil-transmitted) eggs were observed in the same samples. In this study, we concluded helminth infection pattern among the arctic and subarctic peoples of Western Siberia throughout history as follows: the raw fish-eating tradition did not undergo radical change in the area at least since the 18th century; and A. lumbricoides or E. vermicularis did not infect the inhabitants of this area before 20th century. With respect to the Western Siberia, we caught glimpse of the parasite infection pattern prevalent therein via investigations on contemporary and archaeoparasitological specimens.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.567-573
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• 2019

An archaeoparasitological analysis of the soil samples from Nadym Gorodok site of Western Siberia has been carried out in this study. The archaeological site was dated as the 13 to 18th century, being characterized as permafrost region ensuring good preservation of ancient parasite eggs. Parasite eggs as Opisthorchis felineus, Alaria alata, and Diphyllobothrium sp. were found in the archaeological soil samples, which made clear about the detailed aspects of Nadym Gorodok people's life. We found the Diphyllobothrium sp. eggs throughout the 14 to 18th century specimens, allowing us to presume that raw or undercooked fish might have been commonly used for the foods of Nadym Gorodok inhabitants and their dogs for at least the past 400 years. Our study on Nadym Gorodok specimens also demonstrate that there might have been migratory interactions and strong economic ties between the people and society in Western Siberia, based on archaeoparasitological results of Opisthorchis felineus in Western Siberia.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.53-70
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• 1989

An ovarian parasite, Marteilioides chungmuensis of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas has been observed on several occasions in the Pacific sector of production of this oyster species(Matsuzato et al., 1977 ; Chun, 1979). This study was carried out on the specimens collected at Hwado, Och'$\check{o}$n, and Sinchang respectively located the southern, western, and eastern coasts of Korean Peninsula from 1986 through 1988 to investigate M. chungmuensis to the Pacific oyster. Uitrastructural studies were also carried out on infected oysters, to allow detailed examination of the structure and consepuently the systematic position of this parasite. Infection rates of M. chungmuensis at Hwado and Och'$\check{o}$n oyster farms were 5.3% and 4.2% each in 1986, 6.7% and 2.8% each in 1987, but they were not found at Sinchang oyster habitat. M,. chungmuensis-infected oysters were found from June to November at Hwado and from June to October at Och'$\check{o}$n. Twenty five of three hundred oysters transplanted from Sinchang to Hwado were found infected with M. chungmuensis. Some abnormal eggs infected with M. chungmuensis are liberated through the gill together with normal mature eggs on the spawning and the rest remain necrotized after spawning season. The earliest known stages consist of a stem cell or primary cell, including a secondary cell in which ovoid haplosporosomes are found. During sporulation, 2 or 3 secondary are produced by exogenous budding from the first secondary cell and, each secondary cell evolves into a sporont upon the tertiary cell differentiation (enodogenous budding) ; then, haplosporosomes are formed in the young sporont. Internal cleavages involve the differentiation of one tricellular spore per sporont. The outermost spore cell contains membrane-bounded osmiophilic bodies : the middle and the inner, most spore cells contain high density cytoplasmic ribosomes. The mechanism of spore formation from the stem cell of M. chungmuensis is the simplest of the class Paramyxea known up to now.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2015

A specimen of porous-head eelpout Bothrocara hollandi (Zoarcidae: Perciformes) caught from the East Sea was found to harbour a myxosporean parasite. Numerous whitish pseudocysts were scattered throughout the body musculature of this individual specimen. Fresh myxosporean spores were found from the squashed pseudocysts under light microscopy. They were subspherical in frontal view with a length of $11.9(11.0{\sim}13.5){\mu}m$, width of $11.6(10.7{\sim}13.6){\mu}m$, and thickness of $7.8(6.9{\sim}8.8){\mu}m$. Two polar capsules were almost equally pyriform with a length of $4.4(3.2{\sim}5.3){\mu}m$ and width of $3.3(2.4{\sim}4.2){\mu}m$. Morphometric and host ecology analysis revealed that this myxosporean parasite could be identified as Myxobolus aeglefini Auerbach 1906. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rDNA sequences also revealed that M. aeglefini was clustered with M. albi and M. groenlandicus in the same branch, sharing 97.7% and 96.9% sequence similarities with M. albi and M. groenlandicus, respectively.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.293-302
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• 2010

Effects of formalin on removal of Pseudodactylogyrus spp. were examined against naturally infected eel, Anguilla japonica (weight 89.9~96g) at a water temperature of $28^{\circ}$. Prior to experiments for removal of the parasite, the hematological toxicity of formalin bath at 0~500 ppm for 30 min~24 h was assessed by hematocrit values (Ht). Based on the results of Ht, appropriate methods of treatment, concentrations and durations, were examined in the main study. There was no significant (P>0.05) change of Ht in 100 to 200 ppm for 24 h. In contrast, Ht increased significantly (P<0.05) at above 300 ppm. This suggests that physiological damage was caused by formalin bath treating with 300 to 500 ppm. Formalin bath with 100 and 200 ppm for 24 h caused significant decreases (P<0.05) in the infection of the parasite. In conclusion, the 100 ppm formalin for 24 hour-bath was found most recommendable for the effective treatment of Pseudodactylogyrus spp. for the gills of the infected eel because of the median lethal concentration ($LC_{50}$) of formalin to eel; cumulative mortalities were found to be 0 and 13.3%, respectively, following 24 h bathing.