• Title/Summary/Keyword: fire risk analysis

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A Study on the Usage of Hwabangbyeok wall in Traditional Architecture in Joeson Dynasty (조선시대 전통건축에서의 화방벽(火防壁) 사용에 대한 연구)

  • Jo, Sang-Sun
    • Journal of architectural history
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.7-14
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    • 2020
  • It can be meaningful that this study attempted to analyze the use cases and forms based on the literature on the painting walls of the J oseon Dynasty, and attempted basic research to prevent disaster damage using traditional elements. This study summarizes the use of the Hwabangbyeok wall of J oseon Dynasty as follows. First, Hwabangbyeok wall was used from the early J oseon Dynasty and was adopted by palaces and other major state facilities to cope with fire and theft. Second, the Hwabangbyeok Wall was also referred to as the wall below the lower part of the wall, and was constructed with the purpose of preventing disasters from outside. Third, in an analysis of the Daeseongjeon shrine of Hyanggyo, many construction cases were identified mainly in the Gyeonggi area, which is assumed to be based on production and construction conditions along with local climatic factors. Fourth, it can be said that the Hwabangbyeok wall was basically adopted to prevent comprehensive disaster risk reduction in case of external intrusion and fire.

Layout Optimization of FPSO Topside High Pressure Equipment Considering Fire Accidents with Wind Direction (풍향에 따른 화재영향을 고려한 FPSO 상부구조물 고압가스 모듈내부의 장비 최적배치 연구)

  • Bae, Jeong-Hoon;Jeong, Yeon-Uk;Shin, Sung-Chul;Kim, Soo-Young
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.404-410
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to find the optimal arrangement of FPSO equipment in a module while considering the economic value and fire risk. We estimated the economic value using the pipe connections and pump installation cost in an HP (high pressure) gas compression module. The equipment risks were also analyzed using fire scenarios based on historical data. To consider the wind effect during a fire accident, fuzzy modeling was applied to improve the accuracy of the analysis. The objective functions consisted of the economic value and fire risk, and the constraints were the equipment maintenance and weight balance of the module. We generated a Pareto-optimal front group using a multi-objective GA (genetic algorithm) and suggested an equipment arrangement method that included the opinions of the designer.

Fire Risk Assessment for Subway Station According to Supply and Exhaust Conditions (지하철 승강장 급배기 조건에 따른 화재 위험성 평가)

  • Kim, Ha-Young;Rie, Dong-Ho;Kim, Jung-Yup
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.29-34
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    • 2008
  • In this research, to establish the emission for the people who are clearing out, through the numerical analysis using the CFD model, the dangerousness has been investigated in the various emission conditions in a station platform. As a result of research, it is found out that the temperature variation falls between 65.37% and 74.97% to compare without installation of platform screen doors. In the addition, with the supply mode or push-pull mode, the warm current is generated in the platform so the temperature and the layer of smoke are stirred up and felled off. It will make the dangerousness when the people escape. Therefore, when the capacity of emission and the space of platform is set up, the design regards the properties of the fire emission.

Evacuation Safety Evaluation for Apartment Complexes and Officetel under Floors (공동주택 및 오피스텔 지하층에 대한 피난 안전성 평가)

  • Hyeon-gwon Kang;Yong-Han Jeon
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 2023
  • Human and material damage can be reduced if the risk is evaluated by engineering analysis of fire combustion products, smoke concentration, and smoke movement speed in the event of a fire in apartment houses and officetels. In this study, a lot of research on related safety evaluation in the basement needs to be studied and reflected in design, so experimental research was conducted to analyze the flow of smoke through computer simulation and provide analysis data through evacuation safety evaluation. First of all, the five-story underground parking lot subject to simulation has a large floor area, which is advantageous for improving evacuation safety performance, but it uses temperature detectors to increase detection time and fire spread speed. Second, it was analyzed that the evacuation time at all evacuation ports did not exceed the evacuation time, and as the time from the start of evacuation to the evacuation time was 216.9% compared to the travel time, it was evaluated that the safety performance of the evacuation was secured. Third, the above simulation results are a comprehensive safety evaluation based on the non-operation of fire extinguishing facilities in the fire room to increase safety, which means that smoother evacuation safety performance can be secured by linking fire extinguishing facilities.

A study on the Combustion Characteristics of Wall Paper (내장벽지의 연소특성에 관한 연구)

  • Oh, Kyu-Hyung;Choi, Yeon-Yi;Lee, Sung-Eun
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.21 no.1 s.65
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    • pp.90-97
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    • 2007
  • Combustion characteristics and toxicity of combustion gas of wallpaper samples were analyzed to evaluate the fire risk of wallpaper furnished in living space. In this study ash residue ratio was measured with high temperature electric furnace, and thermal analysis was carried out with TGA. Combustion time and smoke concentration were measured with cone heater and combustion gas analyzer. Smoke density of samples was measured using smoke chamber of ASTM E 662. The experimental results were showed as followings. Pyrolysis of silk wallpaper started at lower temperature compared to the other samples. It means that the silk wallpaper can be ignited at low heat flux and will have more fire risk than the others. Ignition time by radiation heat flux of silk wallpaper is shorter compared to the other samples, so evacuation time must be reduced. In the case of vinyl coated silk wall paper, carbon mono oxide concentration is the highest and the toxicity and damage effect to consciousness was stronger compared to the other samples. Smoke density of silk wall paper and fire retardant mixed coated silk wall paper were very high due to vinyl coating.

Spring Forest-Fire Variability over Korea Associated with Large-Scale Climate Factors (대규모 기후인자와 관련된 우리나라 봄철 산불위험도 변동)

  • Jeong, Ji-Yoon;Woo, Sung-Ho;Son, Rack-Hun;Yoon, Jin-Ho;Jeong, Jee-Hoon;Lee, Suk-Jun;Lee, Byung-Doo
    • Atmosphere
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.457-467
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    • 2018
  • This study investigated the variability of spring (March-May) forest fire risk in Korea for the period 1991~2017 and analyzed its relationship with large-scale climate factors. The Forest Weather Index (FWI) representing the meteorological risk for forest fire occurrences calculated based on observational data and its relationship with large-scale climate factors were analyzed. We performed the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis on the spring FWI. The leading EOF mode of FWI accounting for about 70% of total variability was found to be highly correlated with total number of forest fire occurrences in Korea. The high FWI, forest fire occurrence risk, in Korea, is associated with warmer atmosphere temperature in midwest Eurasia-China-Korea peninsula, cyclonic circulation anomaly in northeastern China-Korea peninsula-northwest pacific, westerly wind anomaly in central China-Korea peninsula, and low humidity in Korea. These are further related with warmer sea surface temperature and enhanced outgoing longwave radiation over Western Pacific, which represents a typical condition for a La $Ni\tilde{n}a$ episode. This suggests that large-scale climate factors over East Asia and ENSO could have a significant influence on the occurrence of spring forest fires in Korea.

Analysis of Thermal Characteristics for the Fire Risk Assessment According to Partial Disconnection on the VCTF and IV Electric Wire (VCTF와 IV전선의 반단선에 의한 화재위험성 평가를 위한 열적특성 해석)

  • Kim, Doo-Hyun;Kim, Sung-Chul;Lee, Jong-Ho;Park, Jong-Young;Park, Young-Ho;Lee, Hyung-Jun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.47-52
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    • 2008
  • Many researches on fire risk for normal electric wiring have been pursued in advanced countries such as the USA and Japan, but comparative studies of the partial disconnection and normal state of electric wires have not been conducted. Detection system for the cause of partial disconnection is not developed and prevention countermeasure for electrical fire by the cause is not effective. Therefore, in this paper, partial disconnection characteristics on electric wires were derived and analyzed by experiment and electrical-thermal finite element method(Flux 3D) on the model wires which consist of VCTF(PVC insulated PVC sheathed Cap Tyre Flexible Cord, KS C 3304) and IV(lndoorwire PVC, KS C 3302). VCTF is used in wiring portable electric appliances and the IV is used indoors. Interrelationships between partial disconnection premonitory symptom and current were derived and analyzed by the characteristics based on experiments and thermal analysis for electric wire according to current under normal state and 200% overload state of rated current.

A Study on the Analysis of Operation Reliability of Fire Doors and Fire Shutters Using Fire Statistical Data (화재통계자료를 활용한 방화문, 방화셔터 작동신뢰성 분석에 관한 연구)

  • Jin, Seung-hyeon;Kim, Hye-Won;Seo, Dong-Goo;Kwon, Young-Jin
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2020.11a
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    • pp.119-120
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    • 2020
  • In order to establish an evaluation method that can quantitatively evaluate the fire safety of existing buildings in Korea, a stochastic approach is needed to consider the extent of damage in the event of actual fire, along with the operation and installation of facilities. Accordingly, as a basic study for the establishment of fire safety assessment methods for buildings, this study aims to analyze the results of safety inspection and the degree of damage caused by the operation of fire doors and fire shutters in order to derive the reliability of fire doors and fire shutters. As a result, the results of inspection of fire shutters and fire doors and the results of operation using fire statisticians are as follows. As a result of the inspection, the positive rate of fire doors was about 82% and 98% of normal operation was derived from the fire investigation.

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Developing the Forest Fire Occurrence Probability Model Using GIS and Mapping Forest Fire Risks (공간분석에 의한 산불발생확률모형 개발 및 위험지도 작성)

  • An, Sang-Hyun;Lee, Si Young;Won, Myoung Soo;Lee, Myung Bo;Shin, Young-Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.57-64
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    • 2004
  • In order to decrease the area damaged by forest fires and to prevent the occurrence of forest fires, the forest fire danger rating system was developed to estimate forest fire risk by means of weather, topography, and forest type. Forest fires occurrence prediction needs to improve continually. Logistic regression and spatial analysis was used in developing the forest fire occurrence probability model. The forest fire danger index in accordance to the probability of forest fire occurrence was used in the classification of forest fire occurrence risk regions.

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Analysis of Safety Management Operations of Fire Risk Factors in Small-Scale Construction Sites (소규모 건설현장 화재 위험요인 안전관리 운영실태 분석)

  • Moon, Pil-Jae;Kong, Ha-Sung
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.8 no.6
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    • pp.775-785
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    • 2022
  • By analyzing the operation status of fire safety management of small construction site workers, deriving problems, and suggesting improvement measures, this study was conducted to present practical basic data for their efficient use in the future, and the following conclusions were drawn. First, it was analyzed that small construction site workers are elderly in the age group of construction workers, have short construction skills, most of the jobs are working in the construction industry, and the employment type is non-regular workers. Second, the fire safety management improvement plan of small construction site workers is systematized, fire safety manager is deployed to manage fire risk, fire escape routes and emergency warning facilities are provided to inform all workers at the construction site. In addition, measures to reduce industrial accidents are needed through realistic evacuation training, fire VR training, and interesting educational programs.