• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.286-293
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• 2011

최근 건축구조물은 초고층화, 대형화에 따라 고강도 및 고성능콘크리트의 사용이 증가하고 있는데, 고성능콘크리트는 화재 시 발생하는 폭렬현상에 취약한 문제가 있다. 폭렬은 화재 시 콘크리트 피복의 손실을 초래하여 내부콘크리트와 철근의 열전달률(rate of heat transmission)을 높여 콘크리트와 철근의 온도를 상승시키는 작용을 한다. 이러한 고강도콘크리트의 화재 시 폭렬을 막기 위하여 여러 가지 연구들이 진행되고 있으며 대표적으로 폴리프로필렌(Polypropylene)섬유, 강섬유를 사용한 연구들이 폭렬제어성능을 입증되었으나 유동성 저하에 따른 시공성 문제점이 제기되고 있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 위와 같은 문제를 에스테르계 윤활제 및 비이온성 계면활성제를 포함한 코팅액으로 코팅된 polyamide 섬유를 혼입하여 내화성능을 확보하였으며 강도영역별 최적 조건을 실험을 통하여 도출하였다. 13mm의 polyamide 섬유 적용시 강도영역별 적정 섬유 혼입량은 160MPa는 2.5kg이상에서 폭렬제어가 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.116-117
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• 2021

In general, when a building fire occurs, the heat flow rises by buoyancy, which affects the temperature rise of the ceiling. In addition, when the ceiling ignites, the fire spreads rapidly due to horizontal spread and radiant heat. According to the fire investigation, most of the large fires have a common characteristic that the fire spreads to the ceiling and causes many casualties. Therefore, it is considered that it is necessary to review the fire risk of ceiling materials used in buildings to prevent the spread of fire to the ceiling. Therefore, in this study, combustion characteristics such as the amount of heat released and ignition time of each SMC, DMC, and gypsum board were checked using a Cone Calorimeter, and the ignition temperature was calculated by substituting them into the fire theory. As a result, the ignition temperature of SMC was 449K, that of DMC was 1492K, and that of gypsum board was 677K.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2012

The purpose of the study is to assess the extinguishing concentration of inert gases in engine nacelle fire. The experiment was performed with a two dimensional rectangular bluff body stabilized flames, where the fuel was ejected to counter flow and co-flow against an oxidizer stream. Two inert gases, $CO_2$ and $N_2$, were used for extinguishing agent in the oxidizer and methane was used for fuel. The main experimental parameters were the direction of injecting fuel, the kinds of agent and the velocity ratio between air and fuel streams, which controlled the mixing characteristic near bluff body and the strength of recirculation zone in the downstream. The result shows the flame structure and the mode were strongly dependent with fuel/air ratio and the fuel jet direction. For both flow configurations, the extinguishing concentration of $CO_2$ was smaller than the $N_2$ because of the large heat capacity of $CO_2$. However, the concentration of inert gasesat blowout was much smaller than those in the cup burner and coflow jet diffusion flames, which implies that the extinction mechanism of bluff body stabilized flames was mainly due to the aerodynamic aspect. Compared to co-flow fuel injection, the extinguishing concentration of inert gases under counter flow configuration was lower. The effect of direction might result from the mixing characteristic and strength of recirculation zonearound a bluff body. More details should be investigated for the characteristic of recirculation zone in the wake of bluff body using the LES(Large Eddy Simulation).

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.280-289
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• 2022

연구목적: 본 연구에서는 발화열원을 작동기기, 담뱃불·라이터불, 불꽃·불티 등 발화열원에 따른 화재 발생의 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 일원배치 분산분석과 교차분석을 이용하여 발화열원에 따른 발화환경, 화재피해 현황 및 규모, 발화원인과의 차이 검증을 통해 화재발생 특성을 분석하였다. 연구결과: 작동기기에 의해 발생한 화재는 다른 발화열원에 비해 평일에 발생 빈도가 높고, 이재세대수와 이재민 발생이 가장 많아 소방력 동원과 재산피해가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 최초착화물은 전기·전자기기에 의해 발생되었으며, 합성수지에 의해 연소가 확대되는 특징을 보였다. 담뱃불·라이터불에 의해 발생하는 화재는 토·일요일에 화재가 가장 많이 발생되었으며, 소방력 동원보다는 경찰력 동원이 많은 특징을 보였다. 특히, 최초착화물과 연소확대물은 종이·목재·건초에 의해 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 불꽃·불티에 의해 발생하는 화재는 토·일요일에 화재가 가장 많이 발생되었으며, 최초착화물과 연소확대물은 종이·목재·건초에 의해 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 소방서와의 거리가 가장 먼 곳에서 발생하고 있는 특징을 보였다. 모든 발화열원에서의 공통적인 특징은 오후시간대에 화재가 가장 많았으며, 화재유형은 건축구조물화재가 지배적이었고 발화지점만 연소되는 경우가 가장 많은 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 대형 화재가 발생하게 될 확률은 높아지고 있기 때문에 화재 예방 및 피해를 최소화 하기 위해서는 화재 발생 경향을 분석하고 화재발생 요인에 따른 적절한 대비를 해야 한다. 향후 공공데이터를 이용한 화재발생 특성 분석을 위해서는 재난 데이터의 표준화와, 데이터 개방 및 활성화가 필요하다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.150-158
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• 2010

도매시장은 20년 이상의 노후화 된 건물이 많고, 구조적 특성상 건물의 밀집도가 높아 방화구획 등 연소확대 차단시설 및 소방시설의 설치 곤란, 안전의식의 부재, 불특정다수인의 출입 등으로 인하여 대형화재가 발생할 수 있는 시설이다. 이러한 취약요소 등으로 인하여 수백억원의 재산피해가 발생한 2005년 서문시장 화재, 7명의 사상자가 발생한 2005년 서울 동문상가 도매시장 화재 등 시장에서 대형 화재가 자주 발생하고 있어 이에 대한 대책이 절실한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 도매시장의 현황 및 구성주체별 특성, 화재사례 및 방재적 특성을 통계자료 등을 통해 도출하였고, 도매시장의 방화관리 현황과 화재안전관리 실태 등을 도매시장 방화관리자 및 종사자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 방화관리업무의 전문성 확보, 건물의 구조적 취약요소 개선 및 소방시설의 성능적 신뢰성 확보, 시장 종사자 소방교육의 내실화 등이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.86-97
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• 2005

Nowadays, Water Mist Fire Extinguishing System is increasingly used in maritime field for various application. The fire extinguishing capability of the system should be verified by hydraulic calculation in the same manner as the conventional water based fire extinguishing system such as sprinkler system. water spray system and etc. Additionally, the review of effectiveness of friction loss calculation method used for hydraulic calculation is needed because the pipe flow characteristic of its piping system has higher Reynolds number than that of the conventional system. In this paper the review work was carried out based on the NFPA Code 750.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.105-114
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• 1992

This paper presents an study on the knowledge based system for diagnosing the fire causes using the Fuzzy Possibility Measure( FPM ) about the electric-fire ignition. The Ignition values needed for causes diagnosis is computed as FPM for electric-fire ignition based on the internal scale technique that assigns numerically the characteristic difference of facts to the-tin-ear scale. For the convinience of inference, ignition sources are classified into seven types : short, ground fault, leakge of electricity, overcurrent, cord junction overheating, bad Insulation and spark. The system for causes diagnosis of electric-fire is composed of Knowledge Acquisition System, Inference Engine and Man-Machine Interface, The diagnosis system is wrritten in an artificial intelligence langusge “PROLOG” which uses depth-first search and backward chaining schemes in reasoning process.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2008

Aircraft fires due to accident at an airport may be under a special situation. An outstanding characteristic of aircraft fires is their tendency to reach lethal intensity within a very short time. In domestic aviation act, there are regulations related to services coping with the aircraft accidents within an airport. To cope aircraft fires, it is necessary to define clearly the regulations and standards about the services and related activities of rescue and fire fighting, and to keep the regulations and standards. The study has been performed on the basis of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Airport Services Manual of rescue and fire fighting. The objective of study is to suggest improvement methods for standards applicable to actual service practices of rescue and fire fighting by analyzing through the comparison of domestic and international regulations and standards.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.506-508
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• 2003

In the case of a fire in the mountains, steel wires coated with zinc and aluminum wires of those power cables exposed to the fire or near around will be deteriorated by the blaze and the high temperature. This paper shows the experimental results that apply to a new wire by an artificial flame-maker and results including the intensity of extension and wrench for a conductor. In addition, there's been an experiment and analysis about the mechanical characteristics of the wire of ACSR $480mm^2$ which was removed from A T/L by a forest fire. Then, the database will be made to predict the state of deteriorated wires by a forest fire using those two data, and data necessary to diagnose the life state of an ACSR wire affected by a forest fire will be given.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.379-389
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• 2014

Fire detectors are designed to minimize loss of life from a fire alarm system as an alarm to help evacuate more quickly until the completion of the evacuation alarm should be continued. the purpose of such alarms in order to achieve the characteristic fire heat release rate reaches a certain level, or when a certain time has elapsed, when the heat detector is to be alarms to answer. Requires a quick response, it is desirable to install the sensor as much as possible, but taking into account the cost of installation problems by engineering approach to minimize the quantity and rapidity of detection capability should be increased. In order to increase the rapidity of fire detectors in a room according to the height of the sensing period is to be maintained the optimum distance of the fire detector detects characteristics should be considered. Differential spot-type heat detectors installed domestic basis, depending on the type of sensor that can detect one sensor area is limited and less than 4m ceiling height regulations and simply double the number in excess of 4m and intended to be installed.