• Title/Summary/Keyword: final germination rate

Search Result 63, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Seed Dormancy and Germination Characteristics of Prunus mandshurica (Maxim.) Koehne (개살구나무(Prunus mandshurica)의 종자휴면과 발아특성)

  • Seung Hyuk Yang;Young Hyun Kwon;Ye Eun Kim;Chung Ho Ko;Seung Youn Lee;Yong Ha Rhie
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
    • /
    • v.42 no.4
    • /
    • pp.324-330
    • /
    • 2023
  • This study was conducted to determine the dormancy types and optimal germination conditions of Prunus mandshurica seeds. The pericarp of P. mandshurica seeds was presumed to be the reason for their poor water absorption. After the pericarp was removed with a razor blade, germination was observed to be less than 20.0% at all temperatures except at 5℃, suggesting the presence of physiological dormancy. Germination gradually increased at 5℃ after the removal of seed coat, reaching a final germination rate of 86.7% at 14 weeks of incubation. Based on these results, P. mandshurica seeds have a physiological dormancy. When seeds with removed pericarp were subjected to cold stratification, the germination percentage (rate) in the control group was low even at 16 weeks; however, the germination percentages in the 4, 8, and 12-week cold stratification groups were notably high with 93.3, 73.3, and 100.0%, respectively. The control group in the GA3 treatment experiment with seed coats removed showed minimal germination, but at 10 weeks, the germination percentage rose to 98.3% when treated with GA3 at 100 mg/L. Thus, it is necessary to scarify or completely remove the pericarp of P. mandshurica seeds to promote germination. After pericarp removal, it is important to subject the seeds to cold stratification at 5℃ for at least 4 weeks or treat them with GA3 at 100 mg/L.

Factors Involved in Promoting Seed Germination of Foeniculum vulgare (회향종자의 발아촉진에 관여하는 요인)

  • Eun Il, Lee;Chu Ho, Choi;Jong Ki, Lee;Seok Hyeon, Kim
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.42 no.4
    • /
    • pp.435-445
    • /
    • 1997
  • The effects of temperature, prechilling, chemicals such as $GA_3$, IAA, kinetin and $KNO_3$ on the germinability of Foeniculum vulgare seed of medicinal plant were examined. In Foeniculum vulgare, the germination rate appeared to be around 50~60% or more in general, showing no differences in germination rate with different temperatures, promoting substances, physical or chemical treatments, and prechilling treatments. The observation of embryo under stereoscopic microscope for Foeniculum vulgare in Umbelliferae showed that seeds with or without embryo was almost the same in number. This result suggests that the lower rate of germination in this species is caused by embryolessness of seeds. The straight-shaped embryos as well as Y-shaped embryos were also observed. Foeniculum vulgare of medicinal plants in Umbelliferae were observed under scanning electron microscope, and did not show any opening problem near micropyle area. Final count should be made on 7th day of germination test.

  • PDF

Effect of Light Quality during $GA_3$ Imbibition and Germination Temperature on Pepper Seed Germinability (파종 전 $GA_3$와 광질 처리, 발아온도에 따른 고추종자의 발아율)

  • 강진호;심영도;강신윤;조영욱;박아정
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.95-101
    • /
    • 1999
  • Higher and uniform germination should be necessary because many commercial pepper (Capsicum annum L.) seedlings were nowadays sold to farmer. The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of its cultivars (Daemyung; Wanggochu), GA$_3$ (concentration; period), light quality (red; far-red; blue; dark) during GA$_3$imbibition, and germination temperature (GT: 25 or 15$^{\circ}C$ constant; 25/15$^{\circ}C$ alternating) on the rate of germination done under incandescent lamps until 9 days after sowing. Final seed germination was not different between GA$_3$0 to 1.0 mM concentrations but the elapsed days to 50% germination $(T_{50})$ were more reduced by GA$_3$ treatment than water imbibition. Under $25^{\circ}C$ constant germination temperature, earlier germination was enhanced by GA$_3$treatment showing the lowest rate at darkness, although the final germination rates of water imbibition and GA$_3$ treatments were same. The final germination rates of alternating and 25 $^{\circ}C$ constant GT in cv. Daemyng was also equal, while the germination rates of $25^{\circ}C$ and 15$^{\circ}C$ constant GT were the highest and the lowest regardless of cultivars. There was no difference between light quality treatments impelled during GA$_3$ imbibition when light treated seeds were germinated at alternating and $25^{\circ}C$ constant GT. At 15$^{\circ}C$ constant GT, however, red light or dark treatment during GA$_3$imbibition increased the germination rate since 5 days after sowing.

  • PDF

Cultivation of Sprout by Highly Concentrated Oxygen Water Soaking (고농도 산소수 침지를 통한 새싹 재배)

  • Cha, Jin-Myeong;Hong, Seung-Ho;Kim, Sun-Yil;Park, Ju-Young;Kim, Maeng-Su;Lee, In-Hwa
    • KSBB Journal
    • /
    • v.23 no.6
    • /
    • pp.525-528
    • /
    • 2008
  • In order to compare the germination and growth rate of the sprouts soaked in highly concentrated oxygen water, it with specific amounts of oxygen dissolved was produced in a high pressure reactor by pressuring oxygen. The sprouts were observed after being soaked in $20^{\circ}C$ oxygen water with 20, 30, 40, 50 ppm of oxygen dissolved each. Results of ten days later indicate that the final germination rate of the sprout soaked in 50 ppm oxygen water was $24.6{\sim}28.6%$ higher than that of the sprout soaked in distilled water. The final growth length also measured 6-7 mm higher than the sprout soaked in distilled water, demonstrating that enough supply of oxygen to the sprout induces stability and efficiency in its growth.

The effects of temperature, light and gibberellic acid on seed germination of Rhododendron weyrichii Max. (온도 , 광 및 Gibberellic Acid 처리가 참꽃나무의 종자발아에 미치는 영향)

  • 황환주
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
    • /
    • v.8 no.1
    • /
    • pp.41-46
    • /
    • 1995
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of temperature, light quality and gibberellic acid on the seed germination of Rhododendron weyrichii Max. Optimum temperature for germination was $20^{\circ}C$ at constant temperature, but the final germination rate at $15^{\circ}C$ was about the same with the rates were attained by alternating temperature under higher temperature such as $25^{\circ}C$ or $30^{\circ}C$. The germination rate was increased by yellow and red light treatments at $20^{\circ}C$, but green light treatment strongly inhibited seed germination at $25^{\circ}C$. Gibberellic acid substitutes light requirement for germination of R. weyrichii seeds.

  • PDF

Comparison of Germination Characteristics and Daily Seed Germinating Pattern in Fine-textured Fescues Grown Under Alternative and Natural Conditions at the Room Temperature (자연실온 및 변온 조건에서 세엽형 훼스큐속 잔디의 발아특성 및 일일 발아패턴 비교)

  • Kim, Kyoung-Nam
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
    • /
    • v.2 no.1
    • /
    • pp.47-54
    • /
    • 2013
  • The study was conducted to investigate early establishment characteristics and germination pattern of fine-textured fescues (FF) under natural room temperature and to analyze differences between alternative and natural conditions for a practical application. Six cultivars from Chewings fescue (CF), creeping red fescue (CRF), hard fescue (HF) and sheep fescue (SF) were evaluated in the study. Daily and cumulative germination pattern were measured and analyzed. Significant differences were greatly observed in germination pattern, days to the first germination, days to 60% germination, and germination percentage with environments, species and cultivars. Final germination rate was 29.7 to 80.0% under natural conditions. The first germination was initiated between 8 and 10 DAS (days after seeding) under natural conditions, being 3 to 4 days later as compared with ISTA conditions. Days to the 60% germination were 12.1 to 19.0 DAS, being 3.0 to 4.2 days slower than that under ISTA conditions. CF 'Jamestown II' was the fastest cultivar, while the slowest CRF 'Audubon'. Turf establishment speed was faster with CRF < SF < HF and < CF in order. Information on differences in germination characteristics and pattern between alternative and natural conditions would be practically useful for a golf course construction etc., when established with FF.

Variation of Seed and Germination Characteristics of Natural Populations of Abies koreana Wilson, a Korean Endemic Species (한국특산(韓國特産) 구상나무 천연집단(天然集團)의 종자(種子).발아특성(發芽特性) 변이(變異))

  • Song, Jeong-Ho;Jang, Kyung-Hwan;Hur, Seong-Doo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
    • /
    • v.99 no.6
    • /
    • pp.849-854
    • /
    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to investigate the variation of seed and germination characteristics among populations and among individuals within populations of Abies koreana Wilson distributed in Korea. Cones was collected from 4 natural populations and their seven seed qualities as well as three germination behaviors was measured and tested. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences among populations as well as among individuals within populations in 8 traits except for percentage of sound seeds and seed vigor. Coefficients of variation in percentage of sound seeds, germination percentage and germination rate is relatively high (43.8~57.2%) compared to other traits (11.0~28.3%). The germination of seed started on the seventeen day after sowing and it was completed within seventy-nine days. The final seed germination capacity was found high except for Mt. Duckyu (8.5%) and varied from 39.7% to 47.7%. Mean germination time ranged between 38.1 and 43.6 days and germination rate varied from 1.98 to 1.39 ea./days. As a result of simple correlation analysis between seed characteristics and germination characteristics, the percentage of sound seeds showed a significant positive correlation with the germination percentage and the germination rate but showed a negative correlation with the mean germination time.

Effects of $GA_3$ on Seed Germination and Seedling Survival Rate of Acanthopanax senticosus Maxim. (가시오갈피의 $GA_3$처리에 따른 종자발아와 유묘생존)

  • Li, Cheng-Hao;Lim, Jung-Dae;Kim, Myong-Jo;Yu, Chang-Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
    • /
    • v.11 no.3
    • /
    • pp.207-211
    • /
    • 2003
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of $GA_{3}$ and cold stratification as presown treatments on seed germination, seedling emergence and final survival rate of Acanthopanax senticosus Maxim. Seeds collected 145 days after-ripening period followed by 10 days of cold stratification was effective in promoting germination. Dehisced seeds treated with 500 ppm of $GA_{3}$ for 3 days was also effective in promoting germination. However, seedling emergence rate remained low in both treatment. Seedling emergence rate was higher for seeds germinated in Heungnong-Bio and Klasman-Bio than in vermiculite, perlite, vermiculite-perlite mixture, or sand. After 40 days of cold stratification, seedling emergence was significantly higher in the 500 ppm $GA_{3}$ treatment than nontreatment for both dehisced and non-dehisced seeds. However, for dehisced seeds, $GA_{3}$ treatment before sowing resulted in decreased final seedling survival rate.

Estimation of Cardinal Temperatures for Germination of Seeds from the Common Ice Plant Using Bilinear, Parabolic, and Beta Distribution Models

  • Cha, Mi-Kyung;Park, Kyoung Sub;Cho, Young-Yeol
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
    • /
    • v.34 no.2
    • /
    • pp.236-241
    • /
    • 2016
  • The common ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) has some medicinal uses and recommended plant in closed-type plant factory. The objective of this study was to estimate the cardinal temperatures for seed germination of the common ice plant using bilinear, parabolic, and beta distribution models. Seeds of the common ice plant were germinated in the dark in a growth chamber at four constant temperatures: 16, 20, 24, and $28^{\circ}C$. For this, four replicates of 100 seeds were placed on two layers of filter paper in a 9-cm petri dish and radicle emergence of 0.1 mm was scored as germination. The times to 50% germination were 4.3, 2.5, 2.0, and 1.8 days at 16, 20, 24, and $28^{\circ}C$, respectively, indicating that the germination of this warm-weather crop increased with temperature. Next, the time course of germination was modeled using a logistic function. For the selection of an accurate model, seeds were germinated in the dark at constant temperatures of 6, 12, 32, and $36^{\circ}C$. Germination started earlier and increased rapidly at temperatures above $20^{\circ}C$. The minimum, optimal, and maximum temperatures were estimated by regression of the inverse of time to 50% germination rate, as a function of the temperature gradient. The different functions estimated differing minimum, optimal and maximum temperatures, with 5.7, 27.7, and $36.5^{\circ}C$, respectively for the bilinear function, 13.4, 25.0, and $36.6^{\circ}C$, respectively, for the parabolic function and 7.8, 25.9, and $36.0^{\circ}C$, respectively, for the beta distribution function. The models estimated that the inverse of time to 50% germination rate was 0 at 6 and $36^{\circ}C$. The observed final germination rates at 12 and $32^{\circ}C$ were 62 and 97%, respectively. Our data show that a beta distribution function provides a useful model for estimating the cardinal temperatures for germination of seed from the common ice plant.

Comparison of Germination Characteristics and Daily Seed Germinating Pattern in 15 New Cultivars of Kentucky Bluegrass Grown under Alternating Temperature Conditions (변온조건에서 켄터키 블루그래스 신품종 15종류의 발아특성 및 일일 발아패턴 비교)

  • Kim, Kyoung-Nam
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
    • /
    • v.3 no.1
    • /
    • pp.29-40
    • /
    • 2014
  • Research was initiated to investigate early establishment characteristics and germination pattern of Kentucky bluegrass (KB, Poa pratensis L.). Fifteen cultivars were evaluated under alternative conditions (8 hours light at $25^{\circ}C$ and 16 hours dark at $15^{\circ}C$). Significant differences were observed in germination characteristics and germination pattern among KB cultivars. A final germination percentage differed in cultivars, being 75.25 to 89.50%. The first germination was initiated between 6 and 9 DAS (days after seeding). As for the first germination percentage, 'Brilliant' and 'Midnight II' produced 14.50% and 23.00%, respectively, while the others were most below 5%. Days to 75% germination were between 15.08 and 28.80 DAS. 'Excursion', 'Midnight II', 'Odyssey', 'Midnight' and 'Courtyard' were fastest. The slowest cultivar was 'Voyager II', being over 28 DAS, which were 13 to 14 days slower than the fastest ones. Considering the first germination percentage, days to the first germination, days to 75% germination, and germination pattern, 'Midnight II', 'Excursion' and 'Midnight' were regarded as excellent cultivars under alternative conditions. From this study, information on differences in germination characteristics and patterns would be practically useful for a golf course construction when established with KB.