• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2017

The optical wide-field patrol network (OWL-Net) is a Korean optical surveillance system that tracks and monitors domestic satellites. In this study, a batch least squares algorithm was developed for optical measurements and verified by Monte Carlo simulation and covariance analysis. Potential error sources of OWL-Net, such as noise, bias, and clock errors, were analyzed. There is a linear relation between the estimation accuracy and the noise level, and the accuracy significantly depends on the declination bias. In addition, the time-tagging error significantly degrades the observation accuracy, while the time-synchronization offset corresponds to the orbital motion. The Cartesian state vector and measurement bias were determined using the OWL-Net tracking data of the KOMPSAT-1 and Cryosat-2 satellites. The comparison with known orbital information based on two-line elements (TLE) and the consolidated prediction format (CPF) shows that the orbit determination accuracy is similar to that of TLE. Furthermore, the precision and accuracy of OWL-Net observation data were determined to be tens of arcsec and sub-degree level, respectively.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2010

석탄가스화 복합발전 시스템의 집진설비용 다공성 탄화수소 캔들 필터 제조를 위해 래밍성형과 진공 압출성형 공정에 외해 캔들필터 성형체를 제조하였다. 다양한 입도를 갖는 탄화규소 분말을 출발원료로 하였으며, 비점토계 무기 소결조제로 뮬라이트와 칼슘 카보네이트 분말을 사용하였다. 래밍성형과 진공 압출성형에 의한 캔들 필터 성형체들은 대기 분위기 $1400^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 소성하여 제조하였다. 캔들 필터 성형공정과 출발원료 입도가 소결된 다공성 캔들 필터 지지층의 기공율, 밀도, 강도 (굽힘강도, 압축강도)와 미세구조에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 래밍성형 공정에 외한 제조원 다공성 탄화규소 캔들 필터 소결체가 압출성형된 필터에 비해 높은 밀도 및 강도를 나타내고 있었으며, 그 최고 값은 각각 $2.0\;g/cm^3$과 45 MPa이었다. 한편 캔들 필터 지지층의 장기 내식성 평가 예측을 위하여 소결된 시편에 대해 석탄가스화 복합발전 $600^{\circ}C$의 모사 합성가스 분위기에서 2400시간 부식실험을 수행하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.765-771
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• 2015

The development of a sample preparation method and optimization of the analytical instrumentation conditions were performed for the determination of the vitamin B₁₂ content in emulsified baby foods sold on the Korea market. After removal of the milk protein and fats by chloroform extraction and centrifugation, the vitamin B₁₂ was water extracted from the sample. Following filtration of the solution through a nylon filter, the water-soluble extract was purified by solid-phase extraction using a Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The solution eluted from the cartridge was dried under a stream of nitrogen gas and reconstituted with 1 mL of water. The sample solution was injected into an LC-MS/MS system after optimizing the mobile phase for vitamin B₁₂ detection. The calibration curve showed good linearity with the coefficient of correlation (r²) value of 0.9999. The limit of detection was 0.03 µg/L and the limit of quantitation was 0.1 µg/L. The method of detection limit was 0.02 µg/kg. The vitamin B₁₂ recovery from a spiking test was 99.62% for infant formula and 99.46% for cereal-based baby food. The sample preparation method developed in this study would be appropriate for the rapid determination of the vitamin B₁₂ content in infant formula and baby foods with emulsified milk characteristics. The ability to obtain stable results more quickly and efficiently would also allow governments to exercise a more extensive quality control inspection and monitoring of products expected to contain vitamin B₁₂. This method could be implemented in laboratories that require time and labor saving.

• 대기
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2018

In order to monitor greenhouse gases including $CO_2$, various types of surface-, aircraft-, and satellite-based measurement projects have been conducted. These data help understand the variations of greenhouse gases and are used in atmospheric inverse modeling systems to simulate surface fluxes for greenhouse gases. CarbonTracker is a system for estimating surface $CO_2$ flux, using an atmospheric inverse modeling method, based on only surface observation data. Because of the insufficient surface observation data available for accurate estimation of the surface $CO_2$ flux, additional observations would be required. In this study, a system that assimilates aircraft $CO_2$ measurement data in CarbonTracker (CT2013B) is developed, and the estimated results from this data assimilation system are evaluated. The aircraft $CO_2$ measurement data used are obtained from the Comprehensive Observation Network for Trace gases by the Airliner (CONTRAIL) project. The developed system includes the preprocessor of the raw observation data, the observation operator, and the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) data assimilation process. After preprocessing the raw data, the modeled value corresponding spatially and temporally to each observation is calculated using the observation operator. These modeled values and observations are then averaged in space and time, and used in the EnKF data assimilation process. The modeled values are much closer to the observations and show smaller biases and root-mean-square errors, after the assimilation of the aircraft $CO_2$ measurement data. This system could also be used to assimilate other aircraft $CO_2$ measurement data in CarbonTracker.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.74-85
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• 2013

Since the underground transportation system is a closed environment, indoor air quality problems may seriously affect many passengers' health. The purpose of this study was to understand $PM_{10}$ characteristics in the underground air environment and further to quantitatively estimate $PM_{10}$ source contributions in a Seoul Metropolitan subway station. The $PM_{10}$ was intensively collected on various filters with $PM_{10}$ aerosol samplers to obtain sufficient samples for its chemical analysis. Sampling was carried out in the M station on the Line-4 from April 21 to 28, July 13 to 21, and October 11 to 19 in the year of 2010 and January 11 to 17 in the year of 2011. The aerosol filter samples were then analyzed for metals, water soluble ions, and carbon components. The 29 chemical species (OC1, OC2, OC3, OC4, CC, PC, EC, Ag, Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Si, Ti, V, Zn, $Cl^-$, $NO_3{^-}$, $SO_4{^{2-}}$, $Na^+$, $NH_4{^+}$, $K^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$) were analyzed by using ICP-AES, IC, and TOR after proper pretreatments of each sample filter. Based on the chemical information, positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was applied to identify the $PM_{10}$ sources and then six sources such as biomass burning, outdoor, vehicle, soil and road dust, secondary aerosol, ferrous, and brakewear related source were classified. The contributions rate of their sources in tunnel are 4.0%, 5.8%, 1.6%, 17.9%, 13.8% and 56.9% in order.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.1055-1061
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• 2004

In this research, a vision system for detecting breakages of small-diameter taps, which are rarely detected by the indirect in-process monitoring methods such as acoustic emission, cutting torque and motor current, was developed. Two HMI (Human Machine Interface) programs to embed the developed vision system into a Siemens open architecture controller, 840D, were developed. They are placed in sub-windows of the main window of the 840D and can be activated or deactivated either by a softkey on the operating panel or the M code in the NC part program. In the event that any type of tool breakage is detected, the HMI program issues a command for an automatic tool change or sends an alarm signal to the NC kernel. An evaluation test in a high-speed tapping machine showed that the developed vision system was successful in detecting breakages of small-diameter taps up to M1.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제4권8호
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• pp.2120-2132
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• 1997

아날로그 집적회로 설계 자동화를 위한 레이아웃 자동화 도구를 제안하였다. 구현된 시스템은 완전 주문형 방식을 채택하고 아날로그 레이아웃의 제약 조건을 고려하였다. 기존의 아날로그 레이아웃 자동화 도구들이 가지고 있는 단점을 보완하기 위하여 변수화된 모듈 라이브러리를 개발, 복잡한 아날로그 모듈들의 레이아웃을 지원하여 확장성을 극대화하였다. 또한 배선 과정에는 기존의 디크스트라 알고리즘을 개선한 종적 다중 경로 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 구현된 아날로그 레이아웃 자동화 도구는 비교기, 연산증폭기 그리고 필터등의 시험회로를 대상으로 시험 수행하였다. 기존의 자동화 도구인 OPASYN과 비교하여 웰 합병과 인터디지트형의 모듈로 레이아웃이 수행된 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.479-485
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• 2022

At the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, physical human phantoms were developed to evaluate various radiation protection quantities, based on the mesh-type reference computational phantoms of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. The physical human phantoms were fabricated such that a radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter (RPLGD) with a Tin filter, namely GD-352M, could be inserted into them. A Tin filter is used to eliminate the overestimated signals in low-energy photons below 100 keV. The measurement uncertainty of the RPLGD reader system based on GD-352M should be analyzed for obtaining reliable protection quantities before using it for practical applications. Generally, the measurement uncertainty of RPLGD systems without Tin filters is analyzed for quality assurance of radiotherapy units using a high-energy photon beam. However, in this study, the measurement uncertainty of GD-352M was analyzed for evaluating the protection quantities. The measurement uncertainty factors in the RPLGD include the reference irradiation, regression curve, reproducibility, uniformity, energy dependence, and angular dependence, as described by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). These factors were calculated using the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement method, applying ISO/ASTM standards 51261(2013), 51707(2015), and SS-ISO 22127(2019). The measurement uncertainties of the RPLGD reader system with a coverage factor of k = 2 were calculated to be 9.26% from 0.005 to 1 Gy and 8.16% from 1 to 10 Gy. A blind test was conducted to validate the RPLGD reader system, which demonstrated that the readout doses included blind doses of 0.1, 1, 2, and 5 Gy. Overall, the E_n values were considered satisfactory.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2010

본 논문은 저대역과 고대역 신호를 번갈아 전송하는 DBO-CSS 시스템에 최적화된 이중 대역 필터링 방법을 제안한다. 전체 신호 대역을 통과시키는 기존의 채널 필터링은 이웃하는 부대역 (sub-band)의 초과 잡음이 수신되는 다른 부대역의 신호에 더해지는 문제를 발생시킨다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 이중 대역 필터링 방법은 하드웨어 복잡도의 증가 없이 기존 채널 필터링 방법에서의 성능 저하를 극복할 수 있다. 제안된 방법은 저대역과 고대역 신호가 번갈아 수신되는 DBO-CSS 신호에 대응되는 두 개의 필터에 기반하므로 이웃하는 부 대역에서의 잡음 신호를 배제할 수 있다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 제안된 방법은 기존 필터링 방법보다 약 2.5 dB의 성능 향상을 가질 수 있음을 볼 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.1507-1512
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 조선용 6mm 아연코팅강판의 $CO_2$ 레이저 겹치기 용접시 발생하는 유기 플라즈마를 마이크로폰과 포토다이오드로 측정하였다. 이때 겹치기 갭간극에 따른 용접조건을 RMS한 신호와 비교 분석하였다. 이를 통해 아연증발량이 증가함에 따라 RMS값도 증가하였으며, 겹침부의 조건에 따라 결함 발생시 RMS의 급격한 변화도 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 용접조건에 따른 Raw signal의 FFT값을 구한 후, 이때 구해진 주파수값을 밴드폭으로 설정하여 Raw signal을 필터링한 뒤의 RMS값을 용접비드와 대응하여 필터링하지 않은 RMS와의 차이점도 비교 분석하였다. 이를 통해 기존의 방법들보다 신뢰성 높은 In-process 모니터링이 가능함을 확인하였다.