• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.593-607
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the bone morphogenetic protein, bone matrix gelatin and collagen matrix on the amount and shape of generating new bone adjacent to the implant. Implants were inserted in the mandible of adult dogs at 2 months after teeth extraction. Artificial bony defects, 3mm in width and 4mm in depth were made at the mesial and distal side of implant. Experimental groups were divided into three groups ; Group 1 : Defects filled with collagen matrix and bone morphogenetic protein, Group 2 : Defects filled with bone matrix gelatin. Control group : Defects filled with only collagen matrix. After implantation, the animals were sacrificed at 1,3,5 and 10 weeks for light microscopic examination. For the fluorescent microscopic examination. each tertracycline Hcl and calcein were injected at 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 weeks after implantation. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The molecular weight of bovine BMP was about 18,100 by hydroxyapatite chromatography. 2. Osseointegration was observed in experimental groups 1 & 2, and BMG and BMP had an excellent bone forming capability as a filling materials to the repair of the bone defects. 3. The degree of healing of bone defect area, the experimental group 1 showed more prominent bone formation than control group, and the control group showed fibrous connective tissue between the implant and the bone. 4. In the fluorescent microscopic findings, bone remodelling was observed regenerative lamellar bone at defect area in experimental group 1, and partial remodelling in experimental group 2, In the control group, fibrous connective tissue was observed between the implant and bone surface and sign of remodelling was not apperaed. Above results suggest that BMP has rapid osteoinductive property and can be used clinically as a bone substitute on bone defects around implants.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.55-68
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• 1992

Periapical lesions are developed as a result of inflammatory response to irritants from root canal system. Clinicians remove these irritants from root canal system and seal the root canal space to induce healing of the periapical lesions. Immunopathologic responses may play an important role in development and progression of periapical lesions and periapical lesions contain immunocompetent cells. The purposes of the present study were to analys and to compare the distribution of the immunocompetent cells in the human periapical lesions according to the stage of endodontic treatment using indirect immunoperoxdase technique. Obtained 94 human periapical lesions were devided into four groups: Group 1 : no endodontic treatment(28 samples) Group 2 : root canal enlarged and irrigated(28 samples) Group 3 : root canal filled(29 samples) Group 4: unknown(9 samples) Monoclonal antibodies to examine target cells were UCHL-1 for T lymphocytes(1 : 200, Dakopatt, Denmark), L26 for B lymphocytes(1 : 200, Dakopatt, Denmark), OPD4 for helper T lymphocytes(l : 200, Dakopatt, Denmark) and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin for macrophages(l : 2000, Dakopatt, Denmark). The following results were obtained : 1. All the periapical lesions studied were infiltrated by T lymphocytes, plasma cells, B lymphocytes, and macrophages. T lymphocytes were more infiltrated than B lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes and macrophages were less infiltrated than T lymphocytes and plasma cells(P<0.05 : Oneway ANOVA test). 2. In untreated group and canal irrigated and enlarged group of all the periapical lesions, helper T lymphocytes were predominently infiltrated(P>0.05 : Oneway ANOVA test). 3. In canal filled groups of all lesions except periapical cyst, plasma cells were predominently infiltrated. But, in canal filled group of periapical cyst, helper T lymphocytes were the predominent cells(P>0.05 : Oneway ANOVA test). The above results shows that the immunologic responses play important role in pathogenesis of periapical lesions and the immunologic response involved undergoes certain changes after endodontic therapy.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 1983

This study was undertaken to observe the relationship between salivary IgA, IgG, agglutinin titer & dental caries. The subjects divided into two groups, an active caries group (AC group) and caries-free and treated caries group (CFTC group). The AC group consisted of 36 subjects who had one or more carious lesions and the CFTC group of 12 subjects who had no evidence of caries or had filled teeth without present carious teeth for the last six months. The IgA, IgG and IgM levels in their saliva were measured by single radial immunodiffusion method using a disposable low-level immunodiffusion plate. The salivary agglutinin titers to Streptococcus mutans were measured by microtitration system. The results were as follow; 1. The mean value of IgA concentration in saliva of AC group was slightly higher than that of CFTC group, but its difference was slight. 2. The mean value of IgG concentration in saliva of AC group was slightly lower than that of CFTC group. The IgM concentration in saliva of both groups was neither below 1.1 mg/dl nor detected on LC partigen immunodiffusion plate. 3. There was no difference in the agglutinin titer to S. mutans antigen by serotypes, but low level agglutinin to type d was measured in both groups. 4. AC group showed low correlation between IgA, IgG & DMFT, but CFTC group revealed negative correlation. 5. The relationship between salivary IgA & agglutinin titers to S. mutans was low correlation in AC group, but CFTC group showed significant positive correlation. (P<0.05) 6. There were no specific correlations among the concentrations of salivary immunoglobulins, agglutinin titers to S. mutans, and the DMF teeth. They had no close concern to induce the dental caries.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.27-43
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health state of disabled people with mental retardation in an attempt to pave the way for oral health care planning geared toward the disabled. Subjects and Method : The subjects in this study were 46 mentally retarded people who attended rehabilitation centers for the disabled in the city of Wonju, Gangwon Province. After a survey was conducted, the collected data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 program, and frequency analysis, percentage, ANOVA and t-test were utilized. Results : The findings of the study were as follows: 1. The simplified oral hygiene index of the mentally retarded people was 1.32, which was on the average. 2. The decayed teeth index and decayed teeth rate of the mentally retarded people were respectively 13.48 and 48.13 percent, which were above the average. 3. The decayed surface index and decayed surface rate of the mentally retarded people were respectively 27.17 and 17.39 percent. 4. The simplified debris index of the mentally retarded people significantly varied with gender(p<.01), and missing teeth index(p<.05) and missing surface index differed significantly with age. Filled surface index was significantly different according to the region. Conclusion : The findings of the study illustrated that their indexes related dental caries experience were high. In order to promote the oral health of the disabled with mental retardation, prolonged research should be implemented, and a dental checkup should be carried out on a regular basis by specialists. Preventive care and early treatment should be provided, and the development of customized oral health education programs tailored to different sorts of disabilities and oral health control methods is required.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.69-89
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the basic conditions of dental health of cleft lip and palate patients at early mixed dentition (7-year-old, experimental group A) and early permanent dentition period (12,13-year old, experimental group B) and compare them with those of normal children. The sample was consisted of 25 patients at the age of 7 years, 15 at the age of 12 years and 5 at the age of 13 years. Two trained dentists examined orthopantomographs and clinical photos at the first visit of each patient and distinguished the states by teeth and dental surface and filled them on the prescribed forms. DMF rate, DMF index, FT rate, mean number of permanent teeth with fissure sealants, DMFS index and mean percentage of caries experienced maxillary anterior 6 teeth by tooth type are calculated and compared to those of other studies examined normal children. Oral hygiene of experimental groups is poorer than control groups'. Preventive and treatment rate of experimental groups' are lower than control groups'. More concem and effort are needed about prevention and treatment of dental caries of cleft lip and palate patients.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.126-131
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• 2005

본 연구는 항생제를 복합 투여하여 유치의 근관 및 치근단 주위 감염에 대한 효과를 임상적으로 관찰하고자 하였다. 근관 및 치근단 주위 병소의 멸균을 목적으로 metronidazole, ciprofloxacin 및 minocyclin을 증류수 및 근관시멘트와 혼합하여 적용하였다. 유치의 근관 입구로부터 하방에 $Fissurotomy^{(R)}$ bur(SS White, USA)를 이용하여 약제 공간을 형성하였고 약제는 치수실 바닥까지 채웠다. 본 증례들에서 단회 적용으로 임상 증상이 개선되었다. 치은종창, 동통, 누공 등 모든 증상이 술 후 1주일 내에 소실되었다. 임상적으로 활용하기 위해서는 보다 많은 수의 증례와 장기간의 임상적 평가가 필요하며 아직까지 근관내 항생제 사용에 따른 부작용에 대한 보고가 없지만 항생제에 민감한 환아에 대해서는 사용에 주의가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 저자는 행동조절이 곤란한 소아에서 생리적 치근흡수가 진행 중인 감염된 유치를 가진 환아들을 대상으로 항생제를 복합 사용한 바 증상의 개선을 관찰하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2010

The present study purposed to prevent oral diseases and to improve oral health in children. For this purpose, we selected 70 cases who are 5~7 years old preschoolers at the kindergarten affiliated to G College in Gyeongsangbukdo, and analyzed the general patterns of oral care and the relation of the patterns with dental plaque and deciduous dental caries in the children. Specifically, we conducted oral examination and applied pit and fissure sealant according to the eruption of deciduous molar and first molar. In addition, we executed the 1st and 2nd tooth brushing instruction (TBI), and surveyed S-OHI and PHP twice. Excluding 14 preschoolers who did not appear in the 2nd survey, we performed the study with 56 preschoolers and drew conclusions as follows. 1. The number of decayed or missed or filled teeth among deciduous teeth was 3 or more in 42.9% of female children, and 46.4% of male children, so male children showed a slightly higher rate. 2. The degree of dental plaque formation was $1.64{\pm}1.22$ among the surveyed children. 3. The oral health index was lower after TBI than before in all the children (P<.001). 4. Change in the oral health index was particularly larger in 7 year old female children (p<.005). 5. The patient hygiene performance index was lower after TBI than before in both the buccal surface and lingual surface of the children (p<.005). 6. The patient hygiene performance index was lower after TBI than before in all of male children's teeth except the right maxillary first deciduous molar (p<.001).

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.161-171
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of parents knowledge on oral health status toward their children. This study was carried out to investigate and analyze the cognitive degree of dental subjects and general public who have an experience to be treated for their dental knowledge, operative dentistry, and dental prothesis in the oral health care through the questionnaires. The results are as follows : 1 : In questioning the frequency in the visitation of dental clinic, 68.8% usually go to see dentists, if children's teeth have trouble. It was the reason that economical standard and educational level were enhanced as before. 57.6% took a kind of medical measures. 2 : In surveying the preference of dentists’ age or gender, 56.9% preferred younger dentists to older or female dentists. On the contrary, 56.9% children want younger dentists, and 64.8% children want female dentist doctor. As a conclusion, the preference of dentists’ age or gender is relevant with a view to remove big horror, which can be evoked by dental measures. 3 : In questioning the possession amount of decayed teeth, 45.8% have more than four. Usually those parents who have children filled their decayed teeth with artificial or installed with dental prosthesis. As a conclusion, age is relevant in this study in p<0.05 level. 4 : In asking for efficient starting-year of tooth brushing, 42.6% said that 2 or 3 year age is the most efficient, and especially 80.6% teach children to learn brushing themselves. (P<0.05). As a conclusion, the voluntary brushing can be good behaviour for good dental health. 5 : In surveying the way they obtained dental information, 38.9% were given form mass media, but 90% were once not delivered with the education of dental health. Because parents have been known narrow and deficient information of dental health through mass media, experts in dental health have to deliver help their parents to be delivered with systematical dental information. The conclusion of this study can be summarized that parents' role is very important to their children's tooth health and the education program for systematical dental information should be delivered to their parents.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.261-274
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• 1995

This study aimed to evaluate the marginal microleakage of Class V cavities of All-bond 2 (Wet - bonding system), Gluma (Adhesion of resin to exposed collagen fibers), and Scotchbond Multi-purpose(Mild Etching System). Hundred extracted human teeth divided into a control and three experimental groups consisting of eight teeth. The experimental group was further subdivided into All- bond2, Gluma and Scotchbond MP groups, Vitrebond served as the control. The positive control group consisted of specimens filled with resin and with no etching, primer and bonding procesure. Polished specimens underwent temperature changed from $5^{\circ}C$ to $55^{\circ}C$ a thousand times. After thermocycling, speciemens were placed in 2 % methylene blue dye solution for 24 hours in an incubator set at $37^{\circ}C$. The teeth were sectioned buccolingually and the degree of dye penetration was observed with a stereomicroscoped(*20). The following results were obtained. 1. Both the control and the experimental group showed a lower degree of dye penetration on enamel than on dentin margins(p<0.05) 2. Gluma exhibited a statistically significant lower degree of dye penetration than All-bond 2 on enamel margins(p<0.05) Scotchbond MP also exhibited a lower degree of dye penetration than All-bone 2 but was no statistically significant. Gluma and Scotchbond MP exhibited a similar degree of dye penetration. 3. The degree of dye penetration of All-bond 2, Gluma and Scotch bond MP showed no statistically singnificance on enamel margins but was significantly lower than in the control using Vitrebond. 4. All-bond 2 exhibited a statistically significant lower degree of dye penetration than Gluma on dentin margins. All- bond 2 and Scotchbond MP showed a similar degree of dye penetration. 5. The degree of dye penetration of All-bond 2, Gluma and Scotchbond MP showed no statistically significance on dentin margins. There was neither a statistical significance with the control.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.161-171
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the sealing ability of ZOE, FR and Sealapex, as a root canal sealer. Ninety six extracted anterior or premolar human teeth with single root were instrumented by using conventional method. After instrumentation, the teeth were divided into three groups and thirty two teeth in each group were filled as follows: ZOE group: ZOE cement as a root canal sealer in combination with guttapercha cone FR group: FR root canal sealer in combination with guttapercha cone Sealapex group: Sealapex root canal sealer in combination with guttapercha cone $^{45}Ca$ in the form of calcium chloride, was employed as the tracer in this study and produce the auto-radiograph. The depth of isotope penetration into the root canal was evaluated by method by Yates and Hembree at the intervals of 1 day, 7 days, 14 days and 30 days. The following conclusions were derived from the results obtained; 1. After 1 day, ZOE group exhibited the greatest penetration degree of radioisotope (p < 0.05). 2. After 14 days, there was some difference of the radioisotope penetration between each group, but its difference was not significant statistically. 3. After 30 days Sealapex group exhibited the least penetration degree of radioisotope (p < 0.025). 4. In ZOE and Sealapex groups, there was no change of the degree of radioisotope penetration with time.