• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2023

We analyzed data of endangered mammals in the 1st grade zone of the Ecological and Natural Map of Korea that were obtained through 202 field surveys over six years. Five endangered mammal species were identified including otters, long-tailed gorals, martens, leopard cats, and flying squirrels. The total number of habitat traces collected was 918, of which 897 traces (97.7%) were excrement types. The total surveyed distance was 697.7 km and there were 2,184 grids of 250×250 m each. Of these grids, 441 or 20.2% were confirmed as habitats of endangered mammals. Moreover, we analyzed results of repeated surveys in the same area by converting them into individual one-time surveys, accounting for 23.1% of the total area. The flying squirrel showed a low correlation with the frequency of field surveys but showed many habitats in a specific season. Leopard cats and martens were correlated with the frequency of field surveys. Results of analysis confirm that the grid method used for establishing the Ecological and Natural Map is unsuitable for the habitat division of flying squirrels, otters, leopard cats, and martens, and it does not reflect the actual habitats of these four species. Therefore, we propose that the concept of the habitat grid of species must be reevaluated and improved, specifically for endangered mammals.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.27.1-27.1
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• 2017

There is a rich diversity of galaxy properties and we are starting to understand some of the drivers for differences between galaxies. Much progress has been has been made in the last decade, thanks in large part to massively multiplexed surveys using single fibres, but we still lack a complete picture of how galaxies are built. I will discuss how large-scale integral field surveys can address a number of the outstanding questions in the field, starting with the current SAMI Galaxy Survey, and then looking towards the Hector instrument that will carry out integral field surveys of order 50,000-100,000 galaxies. With SAMI we can start to address how mass and environment influence galaxy structure and history, and I will discuss examples such as the environmental quenching of star formation and the distribution of angular momentum. With larger samples afforded by Hector we can go beyond simply mass and environment, to separate galaxies based on their merger or accretion history, as well as their larger-scale environment.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1-17
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• 2021

Self-potential (SP) surveys measure naturally occurring differences in electrical potential in the absence of artificial sources and have been applied to various fields since the first application in mineral explorations. Among various causes of SP occurrences, streaming potential is generated by the flow of groundwater, and makes SP surveys suitable for the exploration of groundwater table fluctuation, fractures, sinkholes and landslide occurrences. Recently, there has been many studies that applied SP surveys to monitor water leakage through dikes and embankments. In this review paper, we first review the characteristics and theoretical backgrounds of streaming potential in saturated or unsaturated porous media to introduce it in the embankment among various application field. After the review of the background theory, we review the past cases of field SP surveys on dikes and embankments and also the characteristics of field streaming potential data in the surveys. Further, by analyzing past studies of qualitative as well as quantitative interpretation of SP survey data, we show the possibility of quantitative interpretation of streaming potential data obtained on dikes and embankments. Consequently, it is hope that this review paper helps researches on SP surveys on dikes and embankments, and provides basis for interpretation methods of the SP data to identify leaked area and further leakage rate (or permeability).

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.135-140
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• 2012

The importance of multiwavelength astronomical surveys is discussed in the context of galaxy evolution. The AKARI Deep Field South (ADF-S) is a new, well placed survey field that is already the subject of studies at a wide range of wavelengths. A number of ADF-S observational programmes are discussed and the prospects for the ADF-S as a future resource for extragalactic astronomy is explored.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.915-924
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• 2021

Today, as interest in the importance of urban parks increases, many citied internationally are actively creating small parks, but their maintenance systems remain ineffective. Accordingly, in this study, the limitations and problems in the operation and management of urban parks were derived by examining previous studies on overall urban park maintenance and management. Based on this, the study tried to understand the actual state of maintenance and management of small parks through data surveys and field surveys related to budget execution on case sites. Then, we sought to clarify the actual state of maintenance and management of small parks through data surveys and field surveys regarding the budget execution of case sites as a basis for research to prepare an efficient and systematic improvement plan for the maintenance management system of city parks.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.57-64
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• 2009

Field surveys for the digital map being constructed is being conducted using various work guide books based on the digital mapping internal rule. However, a modification of a rule used for paper map construction is being used for the digital mapping rule, which is causing many problems with the quality of the digital map. Therefore, to construct a high-quality digital map, general standards related to conducting field surveys need to be reviewed, and it's extremely important to construct an accurate digital map based on this. Accordingly, in this study, problems related to conducting field surveys for the construction of the digital map are analyzed in order to establish more suitable field survey standards for constructing an accurate digital map. To this end, work regulations related to construction of a digital map were analyzed, and attribute and field survey data were compared to those of a previously-constructed digital map for analysis. By reflecting opinions of field surveyors and related experts to the results of the analysis, more suitable field survey standards for constructing the digital map were presented.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.77-89
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• 2014

This study intends to establish a system to investigate and analyze various impacting factors to Rural Housings such as the relationship of characteristics of Rural Housings located in a Rural Village to the Village and a Unit Housing, to the External and Internal Spaces inside the Unit Housing and the Village, and to Living Characteristics of the Residents and Space from an integrated point of view. The results of this study are largely summarized as following four kinds. Rural Housing Survey System can be largely classified into three stages, and they are a Preliminary Survey, Basic Survey and In-depth Survey. Along with these, the scope of the survey contents can be divided into a survey result by a unit of village, of land, of housing, and of resident's opinion survey. Secondly, the surveys by village unit are on location properties, Village Identity, Street Network, Land Use, Landscape Features and Public Facilities, and consist of Literature, Discussion and Field Survey. Thirdly, the land Unit Surveys are on a Driveway, Gate Location, Housing Placement, Outer Space Design in a Yard and Outer Space Use Characteristics, and consist of Questionnaire and Field Surveys. For the fourth, the Housing Unit Surveys are on an Internal Space Design and Placement, and consist of Questionnaire and Field Surveys. Finally, the Resident Questionnaire Survey consisted of Entire Discussion Survey and a Household one, and then the Entire Survey was on the Village's History, Village's Characteristics, Cultivation Characteristics and Community Activities while an individual one was on Main Living Characteristics, Satisfaction and Utilization Characteristics.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.273-278
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• 2007

2-D MT surveys at the Century mine in Australia have been performed with very far remote reference in Esashi, Japan as well as Gregory Downs, which are roughly 6400 km and 80 km apart from the field site, respectively. Long period pulsations observed in this survey generally showed dominant $H_x$ polarization than $H_y$; $H_x$ component is more than 3 times stronger than $H_y$ component. Polarity reversal in magnetic field pointing east ($H_y$ component) has also been observed in long period pulsations, while $H_x$ component remain coherent between the hemispheres. Though $H_x$ component shows relatively good coherency than $H_y$ component between the hemispheres at frequencies lower than 0.01 Hz, it seems rather too far to be used as a remote reference for ordinary MT frequency band.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.27.2-27.2
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• 2015

Strategic plan of Subaru science and operation will be introduced. Currently, Subaru has wide variety of instruments, conducts only classical observations, with less than 5 nights allocation for each proposal. Near future, Subaru will emphasize on surveys, introduce queue mode observations, reduce the number of instruments, and concentrate on large size programs. Large surveys are called Subaru Strategic Programs (SSPs). HSC-SSP is on-going (300 nights for 5 years), PFS-SSP will start at around 2020 (360 nights for 5 years), and IRD-SSP from 2016 (TBD). HSC science includes 1) cosmology with gravitational lensing, 2) lensing studies of galaxies and clusters, 3) photometric redshifts, 4) the Solar system, 5) the Milky Way and the Local Group, 6) AGN/quasars, 7) transients, 8) galaxies at low/high redshifts, and 9) clusters of galaxies. PFS science includes 1) cosmology, 2) galaxy & AGN, and 3) galactic archaeology. Subaru is planning the third pillar instrument, so called ULTIMATE-Subaru, which is the GLAO optical-NIR wide field camera & multi-IFU spectrograph for finding galaxies at ultra high redshift (z>10). Finally the strategy from Subaru to TMT will be presented. Subaru will conduct four major SSPs (HSC, PFS, IRD, ULTIMATE-Subaru) in coming decade to provide targets to TMT. HSC performs wide field surveys to reveal the distribution of dark matter in the Universe. IRD surveys Earth-like young planets to discover ~20 Earth-like habitable planets. PFS studies the expanding Universe to provide a few million emission line galaxies to TMT.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.117-140
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• 2012

The proposed research includes a comprehensive study on the seismic vulnerability assessment of typical building types, representative of the structural materials, the seismic codes and the construction techniques of Southern Europe. A damage database is created after the elaboration of the results of the observational data obtained from post-earthquake surveys carried out in the area struck by the September 7, 1999 Athens earthquake, a near field seismic event in an extended urban region. The observational database comprises 180.945 buildings which developed damage of varying degree, type and extent. The dataset is elaborated in order to gather useful information about the structural parameters influence on the seismic vulnerability and their correlation to the type and degree of building damages in near field earthquakes. The damage calibration of the observational data was based on label - damage provided by Earthquake Planning and Protection Organization (EPPO) in Greece and referred to the qualitative characterization for the recording of damage in post-earthquake surveys. Important conclusions are drawn on the parameters that influence the seismic response based on the wide homogeneous database which adds to the reliability of the collected information and reduces the scatter on the produced results.