• Title/Summary/Keyword: ferric sulfate

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Trichloroethylene Removal Using Sulfate Reducing Bacteria and Ferric Iron (황환원균과 3가철을 이용한 Trichloroethylene의 제거에 관한 연구)

  • Hwang, Ki-Chul;Min, Jee-Eun;Park, In-Sun;Park, Jae-Woo
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.24-31
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    • 2008
  • Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) is universally distributed in the sediment, especially in marine environment. SRB reduce sulfate as electron acceptor to hydrogen sulfide in anaerobic condition. Hydrogen sulfide is reducing agent enhancing the reduction of the organic and inorganic compounds. With SRB, therefore, the degradability of organic contaminants is expected to be enhanced. Ferrous iron reduced from the ferric iron which is mainly present in sediment also renders chlorinated organic compounds to be reduced state. The objectives of this study are: 1) to investigate the reduction of TCE by hydrogen sulfide generated by tht growth of SRB, 2) to estimate the reduction of TCE by ferrous iron generated due to oxidation of hydrogen sulfide, and 3) to illuminate the interaction between SRB and ferrous iron. Mixed bacteria was cultivated from the sludge of the sewage treatment plant. Increasing hydrogen sulfide and decreasing sulfate confirmed the existence of SRB in mixed culture. Although hydrogen sulfide lonely could reduce TCE, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide produced by SRB was not sufficient to reduce TCE directly. With hematite as ferric iron, hydrogen sulfide produced by SRB was consumed to reduce ferric ion to ferrous ion and ferrous iron produced by hydrogen sulfide oxidation decreased the concentration of TCE. Tests with seawater confirmed that the activity of SRB was dependent on the carbon source concentration.

Difference in Bonding Strength of RMGIC according to Type of Hemostatic Agent in Primary Tooth (지혈제의 종류에 따른 레진 강화형 글라스아이오노머 시멘트 결합력의 차이)

  • Back, Seolah;Lee, Joonhaeng;Kim, Jongbin;Han, Miran;Kim, Jong Soo
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.460-466
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the hemostatic agent containing aluminum chloride with hemostatic agent containing ferric sulfate on the shear bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer cement(RMGIC) to dentin in primary tooth. Twenty extracted non-carious human primary teeth were collected in this study. The specimens were cut to expose dentin and polished. The specimens were randomly seperated into 3 groups for treatment; group I: polyacrylic acid(PAA), RMGIC; group II: aluminum chloride, PAA, RMGIC; group III: ferric sulfate, PAA, RMGIC Ten specimens from each group were subjected to shear bond strength test. The mean shear bond strength of each group was as follows: 10.07 ± 1.83 MPa in Group I, 7.62 ± 0.78 MPA in group II, 5.23 ± 0.78 MPa in group III. There were significant differences among all groups(p < 0.001). In conclusion, both aluminum chloride hemostatic agent and ferric sulfate hemostatic agent decreased the shear bond strength of RMGIC to dentin. And ferric sulfate hemostatic agent decreased the shear bond strength of RMGIC more than the aluminium chloride hemostatic agent.

Biologic response of local hemostatic agents used in endodontic microsurgery

  • Jang, Youngjune;Kim, Hyeon;Roh, Byoung-Duck;Kim, Euiseong
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.79-88
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    • 2014
  • Appropriate use of local hemostatic agent is one of the important factors on the prognosis of endodontic microsurgery. However, most investigations to date focus on the hemostatic efficacy of the agents, whereas their biologic characteristics have not received enough attention. The purpose of this paper was to review the biologic response of local hemostatic agents, and to provide clinical guidelines on their use during endodontic microsurgery. Electronic database (PUBMED) was screened to search related studies from 1980 to 2013, and 8 clinical studies and 18 animal studies were identified. Among the materials used in these studies, most widely-investigated and used materials, epinephrine, ferric sulfate (FS) and calcium sulfate (CS), were thoroughly discussed. Influence of these materials on local tissue and systemic condition, such as inflammatory and foreign body reaction, local ischemia, dyspigmentation, delayed or enhanced bone and soft tissue healing, and potential cardiovascular complications were assessed. Additionally, biological property of their carrier materials, cotton pellet and absorbable collagen, were also discussed. Clinicians should be aware of the biologic properties of local hemostatic agents and their carrier materials, and should pay attention to the potential complications when using them in endodontic microsurgery.

A Study on the Dyeing Properties of Petasites Japonicus Leaf Extract (머위 잎 추출액의 염색성 -매염제가 염색성에 미치는 영향-)

  • Kim Ae Soon;Chang Che Chul;Moon Un Joung
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2005
  • This study were carried out to investigate the effects of mordants and mordanting methods under the various dyeing conditions such as temperature, time, pH, repetition of dyeing in the silk fabrics with Petasites japonicus leaf. It was the most high K/S values of the silk fabrics dyed with Petasites japonicus leaf according to co mordanting and used cupric sulfate, ferric sulfate as mordanting agents. K/S values of the silk fabrics dyed with Petasites japonicus leaf were increased gradually with dyeing temperature, dyeing time, repetition of dyeing was higher and the optimum pH was pH 7. Silk fabrics were colored yellowish orange and surface color(munsell value) was changed from 8.3YR to 2.0Y by using mordanting agents and those of the silk showed high tone when mordanting with cupric sulfate but decolored and darked when mordanting with ferric sulfate. Washing fastness of silk fabrics were good in 4 ~ 5 grade, so washing fastness of the silk fabrics was significantly improved when washed with the neutral detergent.

Flocculation Characteristics of Microalgae Using Chemical Flocculants (화학응집제를 이용한 미세조류의 응집 특성)

  • Kwon, Do-Yeon;Jung, Chang-Kyou;Park, Kwang-Beom;Lee, Choul-Gyun;Lee, Jin-Won
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.143-150
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    • 2011
  • The aim of the study was to optimize harvesting method for concentrating microalgae from microalgae mass culture. It is well known that the mass density of microalgae is usually very low and these are small size (5-20 ${\mu}m$) in the culture medium. It is essential that microalgae is harvested and concentrated economically for economical biodiesel production from microalgae. In this study, to determine optimized conditions for microalgae harvesting by chemical flocculation. Flocculation of three algae, Chlorella ellipsoidea, Dunaliella bardawil, and Dunaliella tertiolecta, was performed using various chemical flocculants, such as inorganic flocculants (aluminium sulfate, aluminium potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, ferric chloride, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium nitrite, and sodium aluminate), organic flocculant (polyacrylamide), and biopolymer flocculants (chitosan and starch). The results indicated that aluminium based inorganic flocculants is suitable for microalgae harvesting such as Chlorella ellipsoidea, Dunaliella bardawil, and Dunaliella tertiolecta. The results also recommended that flocculant doses, agitation speed, agitation time, sedimentation time for economical microalgae harvesting method using chemical flocculants.

밀배아 분말첨가가 식빵의 품질특성에 미치는 영향

  • 김래영;전순실;서재수
    • Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
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    • 2000.12a
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    • pp.51-51
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    • 2000
  • 식생활의 서구화로 제빵 산업이 발달하고, 빵을 주식으로 하는 인구가 늘고 있다 또한 기존의 재료보다는 기능성이 첨가된 부재료를 활용한 건강 지향적인 식품의 수요가 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 최근 밀배아의 용도 다양화를 위하여 팔은 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 상업적으로 이용되고 있다. 소맥의 제분과정에서 부산물로 얻어지는 밀배에는 식물 중에서 가장 많은 천연 비타민 E 복합체가 이상적인 상태로 함유되어 있다. 밀배아에 들어 있는 비타민 E는 천연 비타민 E 복합체와 합성 비타민 E로 구분되어진다. 천연비타민E는 8가지 이성체를 가진 자연 비타민 E를 말하며, 4종류의($\alpha$$\beta$${\gamma}$$\delta$)의 토코페롤과 4종의 토코페롤의 복합체이다. 비타민 E는 사람을 포함한 고등동물에 필수적인 영양소로 식물성기름, 곡류, 배아 등에 많이 들어 있으며, 여러 이성질체중 $\alpha$-토코페롤이 체내에서 가장 생물학적 활성이 큰 것으로 알려졌으며, 생체막조직에서 인지질의 천연항산화제 역할을 하여 체내대사를 정상으로 유지하는데 큰 기능을 하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 우리나라에서 식용으로 소비되는 밀은 거의가 수입에 의존하고 있으며, 밀배아는 거의 전량이 가축의 사료용으로 사용되고 있고 근래에 와서는 배아유, 배아떡, 복합 조미료, 쿠키, 배아를 첨가한 국수 등에 이용되고 있다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 식빵제조시 밀배아 분말을 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10%씩 첨가하여 기능성 식빵을 제조하였을 때의 반죽의 물성, 호화특성을 살펴보고 빵으로 제조하였을 때의 식빵의 품질 특성으로서 1차 발효 손실률, 굽기 손실률, 부피, 질감, 노화도, 관능적 특성 및 mould-free shelf life를 측정하였다.te, ferric citrate가 유제품에 사용하기에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 생이용성을 평가하기 위하여 우유에서 low molecular weight components(ILC)를 분리하고 철분과 복합체를 형성시킨 다음, 철분 결핍된 쥐의 소장에서 loop을 형성시켜 ILC-철분 복합체를 injection하여 철분 흡수도를 조사하였다. Ferrous lactate 100ppm에서 약 25.6%흡수되었고 ferric citrate 100ppm은 24.7%, ferrous sulfate는 19.7%흡수되었다. ILC를 첨가하지 않은 100ppm 철분염 용액은 ferrous sulfate를 제외하고는 흡수도가 감소되었다. 철분 결핍된 쥐에게 gavage 방법에 의하여 철분강화우유를 투여하였을 때 철분 25ppm 시료에서는 ferrous sulfate가 12.5%로 가장 높았고 ferrous lactate는 8.1%, ferric citrate는 6.5% 흡수되었다. 철분 100ppm수준에서는 흡수율이 낮아져 ferrous sulfate는 25ppm 시료보다 절반이하 수준이었다. Ferric citrate는 차이가 거의 없었으며 ferrous lactate는 70%수준이었다. 이상의 결과에서 철분강화우유에 사용하기 적합한 철분염은 ferrous lactate, ferric citrate였는데 특히 ferrous lactate는 제품의 이화학적 품질, 생이용성 측면 모두에서 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다.다 높았으며, 1회당 평균 8.1$\pm$5.1개의 난포란을 회수하였다. investigation can be separated into sampling and analytical uncertainties, it can be used as a criterion where the resources for the inves

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Kinetics of Seed Growth of α-Ferric Oxyhydroxide (α-Ferric oxyhydroxide 입자의 핵성장 반응에 관한 연구)

  • Seul, Soo-Duk;Shin, Dong-Ock
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.602-609
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    • 1997
  • The seed formation and growth of $\alpha$-ferric oxyhydroxide with aerial oxidative precipitation from aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate with KOH, NaOH, $Na_2CO_3$ and $K_2CO_3$ as precipitants have been studied by free pH drift experiment. It has been shown that all precipitants give same particle formation and growth path, and average particle length from KOH and NaOH as precipitants was about 1.5 times shorter than that of $K_2CO_3$ and $Na_2CO_3$. When initial mole ratio, $R_o=[Fe^{2+}]_o/[OH^-]_o$ of KOH was decreased the particle was grown oxyhydroxide seed growth from aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate with KOH has been studied. The influence of the air flow rate, reaction temperature and initial mole ratio, $R_o=[Fe^{2+}]_o/[OH^-]_o$, on the kinetics of seed growth are investigated by static pH experiment. The oxidation rate of seed growth increased with increase in the air low rate, reaction temperature and initial mole patio. The activation energy of seed growth is 16.16 KJ/mol and the rate equation of seed growth can be written as follows: $-\frac{d[Fe^{2+}]}{dt}=1.46{\times}10^4[P_{o2}]^{0.66}[OH^-]^{2.19}exp(-\frac{16.16}{dt})$.

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The Effect of the Use of Sodium Hypochlorite and Iron Salts on Sewage Sludge Dewaterability (차아염소산과 철염을 이용한 하수슬러지의 탈수효과)

  • Sung, Il-Wha
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.58-63
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    • 2009
  • This study investigated improvement to sludge dewaterability and coagulation for sewage treatment plant sludge by using sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl), ferric sulfate [$Fe_2(SO_4)_3$] and zeolite. The specific resistance to filtration(SRF), chloride, pH and turbidity were used to evaluate the sludge dewatering behaviors. The results of study were as follows: By varying the amount of NaOCl added the optimum result in terms of enhancement for pretreatment occurred when 34 mg/l of NaOCl was injected. When the total solids concentration of the sludge was 10,000 mg/l, the optimum ferric sulfate dosage for the sludge dewaterability was 150 mg/l and the corresponding SRF was $1.7{\times}10^7sec^2/g$. It was observed that injecting zeolite into sludge was effective in improving the dewaterability of sludge.

A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SEVERAL HEMOSTATIC PULPOTOMY PROCEDURES (지혈적 치수 절단술의 효과에 관한 조직학적 연구)

  • Choi, Jang-Kyu;Kim, Jong-Yeo;Kim, Jong-Soo;Kim, Yong-Kee
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.19-37
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    • 1998
  • The efficacy of several pulpotomy methods were evaluated histologically on animal model using 6 beagles. At 1, 4, 6 weeks after pulpotomy, animals were sacrificed by perfusion method, Histomorphometric analysis was performed using computerized image analyzing system. Statistical comparisons were done using SPSS program. The following results were obtained: 1. Tissue responses after ferric sulfate treatment mainly consisted of fibrous surface layer with the underneath pulpal tissue layer containing well-preserved odontoblasts. 2. Bleeding, fibrosis and necrosis are the main reactions obsereved in electrosurgical pulpotomy and the normal pulpal tissues were limited to the apical portion. 3. In the aspect of preserving the normal pulpal tissue, ferric sulfate pulpotomy was evaluated to be superior to formocresol or electrosurgical pulpotomy.

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Interlayered colored iron compounds prepared by reactions of nanoirons with bidentate chelating ligands in laponite

  • Kim, Dong Hwan;Kim, Youhyuk
    • Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.69-72
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    • 2021
  • The reaction of ammonium ferric sulfate with sodium borohydride in laponite sol yields nanoiron colloidal solution. This solution in air forms transparent yellow brown solution. The resulting solution reacts with bidentate chelating ligands. The reaction products are characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. All compounds show metal to ligand charge transfer band in the region of 400~650 nm in UV-Vis absorption spectra. This indicates the formation of iron-ligand complex by air oxidation of nanoiron. Also, XRD patterns exhibit that the iron-ligand complex is intercalated in the interlayer of laponite.