• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 2013

Korean traditional rice wine, Makgeolli, has been widely consumed and increasingly popular in Korea. In this study, we examined Makgeolli supplemented with cranberries (0, 5, 10 and 15% by rice weight) during fermentation for seven days for the various quality characteristics : pH, total acidity, soluble contents, color, reducing sugars, alcohol contents, and DPPH free radical scavenging activities, total flavonoids, microbial properties, and sensory properties. After the pH value decreased from a range of 4.40~5.63 to 3.83~3.94 up to day 3, the pH gradually increased until day 7. As fermentation proceeded, soluble contents and reducing sugar increased in most of the samples, with a temporary reduction after day 2. There were no differences in L and b color values, but the "a" value showed significant differences with the rate of cranberry added. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total flavonoid content of cranberry Makgeolli were higher than those of the control. After fermentation for seven days, the alcohol content ranged from 14.57 to 17.40%, while total acidity levels were within the range of 0.50 to 0.54%. Yeast cell counts increased until day 3 and then, gradually deceased. In the sensory evaluation, Makgeolli with 10% cranberry showed the highest overall acceptance.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.333-338
• /
• 1986

발아 옥수수로부터 분리한 전분의 이화학적 성질을 생옥수수 전분과 비교검토하면서 조사하였다. 발아옥수수 전분의 아밀로즈 함량 및 호화개시온도는 생전분보다 다소 낮았다. 팽화력 및 용해도는 2단거동을 보였으며 발아로 인하여 팽화력은 감소하였으나 용해도는 증가하였다. X-ray 회절양상은 생전분과 마찬가지로 전형적인 A형구조를 나타냈고, 입자형태는 $10{\sim}25{\mu}m$ 크기의 일부 다각형을 포함한 불규칙한 타원형으로 생전분과 차이가 없었다. 그러나 발아전분의 입자표면에는 $1{\sim}2{\mu}m$의 구멍이 다수 존재하였다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.387-392
• /
• 2010

This studies were carried out to assess fermentation properties of amylase activity and added rice yogurt of Enterococcus faecium KHM-11 isolated from Korean human milk. The amylase activity of Enterococcus faecium KHM-11 was above 23 units. Characterization of carbohydrate fermentation of Enterococcus faecium KHM-11 has D-ribose, D-lactose, L-arabinose and starch. Titratable acidity and viable count of lactic acid bacteria of 4% rice yogurt was higher compared to the 0%. Therefore we were discussed Enterococcus faecium KHM-11 is suitable microorganism for fermented milk added rice powder. Hydrolysates of sugars of fermented milk with 4% rice powder cultured Enterococcus faecium KHM-11 were analyzed by TLC and HPLC. Hydrolysates of lactose and galactose were revealed and hydrolysates of glucose was not revealed in results of TLC and HPLC.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.307-317
• /
• 1996

This study was undertaken to examine the effects of fresh ginseng addition on the chemical and sensory properties of dongchimi juice fermented under various conditions. The contents of free sugars in dongchimi juice during fermentation increased at the initial stage, but decreased at the palatable stage and then increased again thereafter. Free sugars were higher in dongchlml juice with 4% of ginseng addition than with Soye ginseng and without ginseng addition. Analyses of organic acid contents showed that all three groups contained relatively high amounts of citric, lactic and malic acids. It was also found that, as fermentation progressed, the amounts of tactic and acetic acids in- creased, while that of malic acid decreased at the palatable stage and increased again thereafter. Total saponins were highest in dongchimi juice fermented at 4$^{\circ}C$ with 4% of ginseng addition and panax atrlol ginsenosldes were found more than panaxadiol ginsenosides in dongchimi juice The results of sensory evaluation revealed that dongchimi juice prepared with the addition of $4^{\circ}C$ and 4% ginseng was lower in sour taste and moldy off flavor than the control, thus scoring high In total acceptability. Dongchimi juice with 4% of ginseng addition was best in most sensory characteristics.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제22권11호
• /
• pp.1494-1500
• /
• 2012

Fermentation with filamentous fungi in a bioreactor is a complex dynamic process that is affected by flow conditions and the evolution of the rheological properties of the medium. These properties are mainly affected by the biomass concentration and the morphology of the fungus. In this work, the rheological properties of a fermentation with the fungus Beauveria bassiana under different hydrodynamic conditions were studied and the rheological behavior of this broth was simulated through a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium and cellulose fibers (CMCNa-SF). The bioreactor was a 10 L CSTR tank operated at different stir velocities. Rheological results were similar at 100 and 300 rpm for both systems. However, there was a significant increase in the viscosity accompanied by a change in the consistence index, calculated according to the power law model, for both systems at 800 rpm. The systems exhibited shear-thinning behavior at all stir velocities, which was determined with the power law model. The mixing time was observed to increase as the cellulose content in the system increased and, consequently, the efficiency of mixing diminished. These results are thought to be due to the rheological and morphological similarities of the two fungal systems. These results will help in the optimization of scale-up production of these fungi.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.347-364
• /
• 1994

Airlift bioreactors are extensively used in the fields of aerobic fermentation, animal and plant cell cultures. This review article evaluates the present research activities in the field of airlift bioreactors. The published research works on the design parameters such as types, location and properties of gas sparser, hydrodynamic properties such as phase holdups mixing, liquid circulation rate, mass and heat transfer rates are summarized. Also, recommendations are presented for designing airlift bioreactors.

• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국미생물생명공학회 1986년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.514.2-514
• /
• 1986

Since sisomicin which is produced by Micromonospora inyoensis is an intracellular antibiotic, the final antibiotic titer to be attained depends singnificantly on the cell mass in fermentation broth. Cobalt ion in medium was indispensable for getting a high antibiotic titer. However, in the presence of cobalt ion in medium, the antibiotic production proceeded up to about 4 days and thereafter stopped. From the experiments on theaddition of cobalt ion to culture medium, it was shown that the antibiotic production stopped due to the other physiological properties of cells rather than the accumulation of antibiotic in cells.

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.209-215
• /
• 2014

표고 재배에 이용되는 참나무 톱밥의 발효과정에서 물리화학적 특성변화를 알기 위하여 참나무 톱밥 33 ton을 적재하고, 46일 동안 기간별로 깊이별로 변화를 조사하였다. 톱밥의 물리화학적 특성은 발효기간과 적재 깊이에 따라 변화정도가 달랐다. 대부분의 물리-화학적 성질은 발효 동안 점진적으로 변화하였지만, 온도는 기간과 깊이에 따라 다르게 변하였다. 톱밥의 온도는 표면 20 cm 깊이는 환경에 따라 민감하게 변하는데 비하여, 40~100 cm 깊이에서는 점진적으로 변하여 적재 12일 만에 $3^{\circ}C$에서 최고온도 $58.9^{\circ}C$에 도달하였고, 150 cm 깊이에서는 24일 만에 최고온도에 도달하였다. 수분함량은 발효 24일 만에 초기 31%에서 26.5~28.0%로 점진적으로 감소하였다. 발효기간 중 톱밥의 화학성을 보면, pH는 대체로 5.2에서 5.6으로 점진적으로 상승하였으나, 150 cm 깊이에서만은 16일만에 4.4~4.7로 낮아졌다. 톱밥의 탄소함량은 68~70%로 변화가 적은데 비하여, 질소함량은 0.22%에서 0.25%로 점진적으로 상승하여 C/N비는 320에서 280으로 낮아졌다. 톱밥의 P함량은 0.005%에서 46일째 0.022%로 점진적으로 증가하였다. 톱밥의 열수추출액 삼투압 농도는 41.5~44.2 mmol/kg로 적재 깊이에 따른 차이는 없었다. 초기 톱밥의 방사유세포에는 전분 입자가 존재하고 도관에는 균사가 없었으나, 발효 35일 후에는 세포 내 전분입자는 소수 남았고, 톱밥입자의 표면과 목질부 도관 내에는 균사가 생장하였다. 톱밥발효가 표고재배에 미치는 영향은 차후 계속적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 한방비만학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.106-114
• /
• 2018

Objectives: We investigated about the microbial properties and changes in the efficacy of the Codonopsis lanceolata (CL) by natural fermentation. Methods: CL was fermented for four weeks in a well-ventilated place with 2.5% salt. pH, total sugar, total polyphenol, and total flavonoid were measured to determine fermentation characteristics according to fermentation period and salt treatment. Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and random amplification of polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction were carried out for microbial analysis during fermentation. In addition, HepG2 cell was cultured to check the lipid accumulation through oil red O staining and the glucose uptake was analyzed by measuring the 2-NBDG at C2C12 cell. Results: The pH level and the total sugar decreased with the CL fermentation. Total polyphenol and flavonoid increased after CL fermentation. It was confirmed that Leuconostoc mesenteroides were maintained continuously during fermentation. In the salt treatment CL, there was a sharp increase in Rahnella aquatilis. Lactobacillus plantarum matrix was observed in fermented CL. In addition, Lactococcus lactis, Weissella koreensis, R. aquatilis, L. plantarum, Leu. mesenteroides have been added to the salt treatment. Glucose uptake were significantly increased after fermentation with salt for four weeks. Lipid accumulation in the HepG2 cells was observed that there was difference (P<0.01) between free fatty acid group (100%) and decreased 4 weeks after fermentation (90.38%) at $800{\mu}g/mL$. Conclusions: Total polyphenol and flavonoid were increased after CL fermentation. Especially, percentage of the glucose uptake and lipid accumulation inhibition increased in CL fermentation with salt. It is expected that fermentation of salt treated CL will be more effective in diabetes and fatty liver.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제31권10호
• /
• pp.1366-1372
• /
• 2021

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a biocompatible material with a lot of potential. To make BNC commercially feasible, improvements in its production and surface qualities must be made. Here, we investigated the in situ fermentation and generation of BNC by addition of different cellulosic substrates such as Avicel and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and using Komagataeibacter sp. SFCB22-18. The addition of cellulosic substrates improved BNC production by a maximum of about 5 times and slightly modified its structural properties. The morphological and structural properties of BNC were investigated by using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, a type-A cellulose-binding protein derived from Clostridium thermocellum, CtCBD3, was used in a novel biological analytic approach to measure the surface crystallinity of the BNC. Because Avicel and CMC may adhere to microfibrils during BNC synthesis or crystallization, cellulose-binding protein could be a useful tool for identifying the crystalline properties of BNC with high sensitivity.