• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2010

A phytoremediation study has been conducted to see if some known aquatic plants can remove the pesticides, endosulfan-${\alpha},\;{\beta}$ and fenitrothion which are frequently used in the crop protection and golf course management, and are likely to exist as residual pollutants in the aquatic ecosystems. Among the five aquatic plants tested in the microcosms, water lily Nymphaea tetragona Georgi showed the highest degradation efficacies (85~95%) for the three pesticides as opposed to the control(13~26%). The efficacies for the other plants were in the range of 46~80% in the order of Pistia stratiotes, Cyperus helferi, Eichhornia crassipes, and Iris pseudoacorus. Fenitrothion, an organo-phosphorus pesticide, was much more vulnerable to the phytoremediation than the organo-chlorine pesticides, endosulfan-${\alpha}$ and endosulfan-${\beta}$. The kinetic rate constants ($min^{-1}$) for removal of the three pesticides were more than 10 times higher than the control (non-planting) in case of Nymphaea tetragona Georgi. This aquatic plant showed kinetic rate constants about 2 times as much as the lower kinetic rate constants shown by Iris pseudoacorus. The reason for the highest degradation efficacy of water lily would be that the plant can live in the sediment and possess roots and broad leaves which could absorb or accumulate and degrade more pollutants in association with microbes. These results indicate that some of the selected aquatic plants planted near the agricultural lands and wetlands could contribute to remediation of pesticides present in these places, and could be applicable to protection of the aquatic ecosystems.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.125-130
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• 2004

This study has been assessed the influence of applying sewage sludge to soil amendments on the sorption properties, and leaching potential of three commonly used organophosphorus pesticides, Diazinon, Fenitrothion, and Chlorpyrifos. A sandy soil with a low content of organic carbon was treated with sewage sludge with a ratio sandy soil : sludge ratio of 30:1. The sorption was determined with the batch equilibrium technique. The sorption isotherms could be described by Freundlich equation. The Freundlich constant, K value which measures sorption capacity, were 3.97, 9.94, 22.48 for Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos in non-amended soil. But in amended soil, K value was 12.58, 28.47, and 61.21 for Diazinon, Fenitrothion, and Chlorpyrifos. The overall effect of sewage sludge addition to soil was to increase pesticides adsorption, due to the high sorption capacity of the organic matter. The effect of sludge on tile leaching of pesticides in the soil was studied using packed soil columns. Total recoveries of pesticides in soil and leachate with leaching in soil column, were in the range of about 73～84%, was reduced with the passage of time. Diazinon moved more rapidly than Chlorpyrifos in the unamended soil due to greater sorption and lower water solubility of Chlorpyrifos. Total amounts of pesticides leached from the sewage sludge amended soils were significantly reduced when compared with unamended soils. This reduction may be mainly due to and increase in sorption in amended soils, as a consequence of the increase in the organic matter content.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.7-10
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• 2001

Adsorption of the pesticides (phosphamidon, fenitrothion, triadimefon and diniconazole) in natural zeolite (CL $I_{N}$) and several synthetic zeolites was incestigated. The pesticides were not adsorbed on zeolites (Na-Pl, SOD, ANA, JBW and CAN) synthesized from Jeju scoria. The distribution coefficient ( $K_{D}$) and the Freundlich constant ( $K_{F}$) decreased in the following sequences. FC $C_{W}$ (waste catalytic cracking catalyst)>FA $U_{F}$ (FAU Synthesized from coal fly ash)>(FAU+Na-Pl)$_{SF}$ (the mixture of FAU and Na-Pl synthesized from the ratio of Jeju scoria 6 to coal fly ash 4 by weight)>CL $I_{N}$ among the zeolites; diniconazole>fenitrothion> triadimefon>phosphamidon. As the temperature was increased, the amount of pesticide adsorbed per unit mass of zeolite increased for FC $C_{W}$, FA $U_{F}$ and (FAU+Na-Pl)$_{SF}$ but it decreased for CL $I_{N}$, for all the pesticides used in this study. It was independent of pH for phosphamidon, fenitrothion and triadimefon, but decresed as pH was increased for all the zeolites used in this study.y.udy.y.y.y.y.y.y.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1257-1261
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• 2009

We present the theoretical and experimental results of $^{31}P$ NMR and low energy CID MS/MS study of $Hg^{2+}$ binding to fenitrothion (FN). The calculated $^{31}P$ NMR chemical shifts order for FN with $Hg^{2+}$ complex is in good agreement with experimental $^{31}P$ NMR chemical shifts order. The experimental and theoretical $^{31}P$ NMR study of organophosphorus pesticide with $Hg^{2+}$ gives to important information for organophosphorus pesticide metal complexes. ESI-MS and low energy CID MS/MS experiments of $Hg^{2+}$-FN complexes combined with accurate mass measurements give insight into the metal localization and allow unambiguous identification of fragments and hydrolysis products.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1103-1115
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• 2022

The adsorption characteristics of four pesticides (phosphamidon, fenitrothion, triadimefon, and diniconazole) on natural clinoptilolite (CLI_N) and three synthetic zeolites were investigated. The synthetic zeolites included faujasite (FAU_F) synthesized from coal fly ash; the mixture of FAU and Na-P1 (FAU + Na-P1)_SF synthesized using Jeju scoria and coal fly ash at the ratio of 1.5 by weight; and waste fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (FCC_W). The distribution coefficient, K_D and the Freundlich constant, K_F decreased in the following sequence: FCC_W > FAU_F > (FAU + Na-P1)_SF > CLI_N among the zeolites and diniconazole>fenitrothion> triadimefon> phosphamidon among the pesticides. The pesticide adsorptivity increased with increasing temperature for FAU_F, (FAU+Na-P1)_SF and FCC_W, however, it decreased for CLI_N, regardless of the type of pesticide. The adsorptivity of pesticides was independent of pH for phosphamidon, fenitrothion and triadimefon, whereas it decreased with increasing pH for diniconazole, regardless of zeolite type.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2001

골프장 조경수와 잔디해충인 주황긴다리풍뎅이(Ectinohoplia rufipes)의 몇 가지 살충제에 대한 감수성을 실내에서 조사하였고, 사방오리(Alnus firma), 벚나무(Prunus serrulata var. spontanae), 은목서(Osmantus asiaticus)의 세기주식물에서 기 주식물에 따른 치사효과의 차이를 검토하였다. Cabaryl 40％+phosalone 20％ WP, chlorpyrifos-methyl 25% EC, chlorpyrifos 20% + diflubenzuron 7% WP, deltamethrin 1% EC, ethopenprox 8% +diazinon 25% WP, fenitrothion 50％ EC를 권장농도로 희석한 용액에 사방오리 잎을 침지시켜 먹이로 공급한 결과 chlorpyrifos-methyl을 제외한 모든 약제에서 주황긴다리풍뎅이 성충이 100% 치사하였다. 같은 종류의 농약이라 하더라도 기주식물의 종류에 따라 LC5o값이 2~6배의 차이가 있었는데 이는 기주식물 잎 표면의 물리적 성질이 다르기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 야외와 실내 실험을 통한 약효지속 기간 조사 결과 deltamethrin의 약효가 가장 우수하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 1984

기린계(有機燐系) 살충제(殺蟲劑)인 dichlorvos 유제(乳劑)(50%), fenthion 유제(乳劑)(50%), fenitrothion 유제(乳劑)(50%) 및 phenthoate 유제(乳劑)(47.5%)의 뽕잎중(中) 잔류성(殘留性)과 이들 잔류수준(殘留水準)이 누에에 대한 사충률(死蟲率) 및 수견양(收絹量)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)하기 위하여 무강우조건하(無降雨條件下)에서 포장시험(圃場試驗)을 실시(實施)하였다. Fenitrothion, fenthion, phenthoate의 뽕잎중(中) 반감기(半減期)는 $2{\sim}3$일(日)의 범위(範圍)이었고 dichlorvos는 8시간(時間) 내외(內外)이었다. 뽕나무의 재배시기별(栽培時期別) 뽕잎중(中) 농약잔류기간(農藥殘留期間)은 봄재배(栽培)의 경우(境遇)가 가을재배(栽培)보다 길었다. 누에에 안전(安全)한 적엽전(摘葉前) 농약철포(農藥撤布) 완료일(完了日) 은 dichlorvos유제(乳劑)는 3일(日), fenitrothion유제(乳劑)는 20일(日), fenthion유제(乳劑)와 phenthoate유제(乳劑)는 15일(日)이었다. 뽕잎중(中) 농약잔류수준(農藥殘留水準)으로부터 누에의 사충률(死蟲率)을 예측(豫測)할 수 있는 각약제(各藥劑)의 관계식(關係式)과 누에에 안전(安全)한 뽕잎중(中) 농약(農藥)의 최대(最大) 잔유허용량(殘留許容量)을 설정(設定)하였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2002

포도에 피해를 주는 애무늬고리장님노린재에 대한 효과적인 방제약제를 선발하고 방제체계를 수립하기 위하여 몇 가지 실험을 실시하였다. 농가에서 살포한 약제들 중 애무늬고리장님노린재에 대한 방제효과를 조사한 결과 Chlorpyrifos, Parathion, Fenvalerate, Esfenvalerate.Fenitrothion 등이 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 포장실험에서 Fenitrothion과 Chlorpyrifos는 각각 94.8과 91.6%의 좋은 방제가를 보였다 애무늬고리장님노린재에 대한 약제처리 시기 및 방제횟수가 과실수량(평균 상품화 과방중)에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 잎 전개기 1회 방제구 466.0g, 꽃송이 분리기 1회 방제구 460.7, 잎 전개기 및 꽃송이 분리기 각 1치 방제구465g, 잎 전개기, 꽃송이 분리기, 그리고 착과기 각 1회 방제구 487.4g으로 무처리구 418.2g보다 높았다. 방제비용을 감안할 때 잎 전개기 1회 방제는 잎 전개기 및 꽃송이 분리기 각 1회 방제(2회 살포)보다 효과가 높았으며, 잎 전개기, 꽃송이 분리기, 그리고 착과기 각 1회 방제(3회 살포)와 큰 차이가 없었다. 따라서 포도원에서 잎 전개기(2~3엽기 =3~4엽이 보이는 시기)애무늬고리장님노린재 적기방제는 경제적으로 타당성이 있었으며, 기타 관리방안에 대하여 고찰하였다.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.56-56
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• 1999

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 1986

Some of organophosphate pesticides which are the most heavily used in Korea, were examined for their effects on the murine immune system. Immunotoxicological assay parameters adaopted in this study were Arthus reaction for humoral immunity, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction for cell mediate immunity, carbon clearance for macrophage function and susceptiility to tumor challenge. Subchronic exposure of rodents to the pesticides resulted in the marked suppression of immune functions and enhancement of susceptibility to tumor challenge. Among the pesticides tested (fenitrothion, fenthion, diazinon and EPN), fenitrothion was the most suppressive in Arthus and delayed type hypersensitivity reaction.