• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.467-477
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• 2013

Retailers deploy new shopping value-additions to induce customers to shop more, thus driving compulsive buying tendencies, which lead to increased profits for them. Customers display their ambivalence in purchasing a product either through instantaneous consumption, such as when following the latest fashion trends, or methodical decision making. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of consumers' ambivalent attitudes toward various aspects (brand, store, price, trends, and product types) of clothing shopping on compulsive behavior tendencies. Compulsive buying tendencies were analyzed in terms of the shopping value group and demographic characteristics. For the empirical research, a questionnaire was used. Data from male and female clothing shoppers were analyzed. Consumers were segmented into ambivalent consumption group, emotional value consumption group, rationality consumption group, and indifference consumption group. Results indicate that ambivalent consumption groups showed significantly higher levels of compulsive behavior tendencies in terms of brand, store, price, trends, and product types than other groups. Females showed more compulsive buying tendencies than males. Single people showed more compulsive buying tendencies than married.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.90-110
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• 1999

Understanding consumer complaining behaviors plays a key role in post-purchase satisfaction customer retention and long-term customer relationships. This research was conducted to empirically investigate 1) the taxonomy of complaining behavior 2) causes and types of clothing complaining behavior according to sex. The subjects compoed of 250 male and 358 female consuemrs. Data were colleted through questionnaires employing the critical incident methodology. The findings indicated that clothing complaining behavior was fitted well into Singh(1998)'s three-factor model(i. e. voice/private / third-party complaining behaviors) these factors explained 53% of the total variances 75.1% of male and 65.2% of female group complained of poor instruental performance. The types of complaining behaviors were no action negative word-of-mouth to friends and associates n order. Most dissatisfied consumers didn't assert positive consumer's right. Marketer should increase the accessibility of their complaint receiving mechanisms to passive customers.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.93-106
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• 2016

Study objectives are: 1) to investigate the difference in consumer perceptions of the model's image and physical attractiveness according to advertising model types; 2) to explore the effect of the difference between the model's image and the consumer's self image, the difference between the model's image and the brand's image, and the physical attractiveness of the model on attitude toward the advertising model; and 3) to explore the effect of attitude toward the advertising model on attitude toward the advertisement. A total of 306 female consumers over the age of 45 participated in experiments with advertisement stimuli for a senior apparel brand. Results showed a significant difference in the model's images and physical attractiveness according to each model type. The consumer's attitude toward the advertising model was determined by physical attractiveness of the model, not by the difference between model's image and the consumers' self-image, nor by the difference between the model's image and brand image. Attitude toward advertisements was determined by attitude toward the advertising model. The findings imply that advertising models of a senior apparel brand can be selected based on the physical attractiveness of the model. Consumers do not consider whether the model's image fits well with their self-images or the brand's image when building an attitude toward the advertising model, and this precedes the consumer's attitude toward the advertisement. These results can be used as guidelines to select appropriate models for advertisements of senior apparel brands.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.183-195
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find out the difference of evaluation of product and service quality according to consumers' attitude toward price in internet clothing purchase. This study surveyed 400 male and female consumers in their 20s-30s for empirical analysis in August 2010 who have ever purchased clothing through internet shopping malls. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, ANOVA analysis, Duncan test and cluster analysis are carried out using SPSS for Windows 12.0. The results are as follows. First, consumers' attitude toward price dimensions in internet clothing purchase are found 6 factors of sales proneness, price-prestige, price-comparison, low price, utility value and pricequality. Second, based on the attitude toward price dimensions, consumers are categorized into utility value seeking, sales price seeking, multi-dimension price seeking, lack price consciousness, low price seeking group. Third, there are significant differences in product quality and service quality depending on attitude toward price-based consumer types. In particular, sales price seeking and multi-dimension price seeking groups have higher values on product and service quality than other groups. The results of this study will help internet fashion mall businesses to develop price strategy and manage product and service quality.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.364-372
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• 2011

The primary purposes of this study were to classify consumer's type according to narcissistic orientation of consumer and then to reveal consumer's perception differences on consumption value of apparel products and cosmetics subject to the types. Data were collected from 194 female college students in Ulsan. It was analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis and MANOVA, ANOVA using SPSS Win 12.0. The results were as follows: First, consumer's types classified according to narcissistic orientation were non-narcissist, high-narcissist, leadership and self-absorption. Second, in the consumption value of apparel products case, there were significant differences in effective value, symbolic value and sensitive value among the types. Third, in the consumption value of cosmetics case, there were significant differences in sensitive value and effective value among the types.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.103-129
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• 2014

Differentiated positioning becomes increasingly difficult when brand salience weakens. Also, the daily increase in new media use and information load has led to a social climate that regards advertising stimuli as spamming. For these reasons, the focus of advertisement-related communication is shifting from persuading consumers through the direct delivery of information to an emphasis on appealing to their emotions using matching stimuli to enhance persuasion effects. Recently, both academia and industry have increasingly shown an interest in storytelling methods that can generate positive emotional responses and attitude changes by arousing consumers' narrative processing. The purpose of storytelling is to elicit consumers' emotional experience to meet the objectives of advertisement producers. Therefore, the most important requirement for storytelling in advertising is that it evokes consumers' sympathy for the main character in the advertisement. This does not involve advertisements directly persuading consumers, but rather, consumers themselves finding an answer through the advertisement's story. Thus, consumers have an indirect experience regarding the product features and usage through empathy with the advertisement's main character. In this study, we took the results of a precedent study as the starting point, according to which consumers' emotional response can be altered depending on the storytelling methods adopted for storytelling ads. Previous studies have reported that drama-type and vignette-type storytelling methods have a considerably different impact on the emotional responses of advertising audiences, due to their different structural characteristics. Thus, this study aims to verify that emotional response aroused by different types of advertisement storytelling (drama ads vs. vignette ads) can be controlled by the socio-psychological gender difference of advertising audiences and that the interaction effects between the socio-psychological gender differences of the audience and the gender stereotype of emotions to which advertisements appeal can exert an influence on emotional responses to types of storytelling in advertising. To achieve this, an experiment was conducted employing a between-group design consisting of 2 (storytelling type: drama ads vs. vignette ads) × 2 (socio-psychological gender of the audience: masculinity vs. femininity) × 2 (advertising appeal emotion type: male stereotype emotion vs. female stereotype emotion). The experiment revealed that the femininity group displayed a strong and consistent empathy for drama ads regardless of whether the ads appealed to masculine or feminine emotions, whereas the masculinity group displayed a stronger empathy for drama ads appealing to the emotional types matching its own gender as well as for vignette ads. The theoretical contribution of this study is significant in that it sheds light on the controllability of the audiences' emotional responses to advertisement storytelling depending on their socio-psychological gender and gender stereotype of emotions appealed to through advertising. Specifically, its considerable practical contribution consists in easing unnecessary creative constraints by comprehensively analyzing essential advertising strategic factors such as the target consumers' gender and the objective of the advertisement, in contrast to the oversimplified view of previous studies that considered emotional responses to storytelling ads were determined by the different types of production techniques used. This study revealed that emotional response to advertisement storytelling varies depending on the target gender of and emotion type appealed to by the advertisement. This suggests that an understanding of the targeted gender is necessary prior to producing an advertisement and that in deciding on an advertisement storytelling type, strategic attention should be directed to the advertisement's appeal concept or emotion type. Thus, it is safe to use drama-type storytelling that expresses masculine emotions (ex. fun, happy, encouraged) when the advertisement target, like Bacchus, includes both men and women. For brands and advertisements targeting only women (ex. female clothes), it is more effective to use a drama-type storytelling method that expresses feminine emotions (lovely, romantic, sad). The drama method can be still more effective than the vignette when women are the main target and a masculine concept-based creative is to be produced. However, when male consumers are targeted and the brand concept or advertisement concept is focused on feminine emotions (ex. romantic), vignette ads can more effectively induce empathy than drama ads.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.734-745
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• 2004

This paper investigated the consumer's purchase behaviors on the home-shopping private brand apparel. Female consumers of age in the range of 20∼50 were asked to complete a questionnaire, who had experienced to search apparel on home shopping media or had purchased it from home shopping business. Through this empirical study, the importance of home-shopping private brand apparel is confirmed. And the model of home-shopping private brand purchase determination, consists of private brand purchase intention, brand evaluation and company patronage, is suggested focusing on two brand types and three different home shopping media. The data were analyzed by mean, multiple regression analysis, ANOVA, Duncan-test of SPSS Win(ver.10.0). The result generated from this study are as follows: First. there are significant differences in preferred private brand types according to the types of media they preferred to purchase. Consumers's sex and age are also important demographic variables in relation to purchase determination variables of home-shopping private brand apparel. Second, the home-shopping company patronage is directly influenced in consumer's purchase intention of home-shopping private brand apparel as well as the consumer's brand evaluation. Consequently, the company patronage is more related to purchase intention of home shopping private brand apparel.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.296-307
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• 2019

This study aimed to develop processed foods that can be tailored to the tastes of consumers in countries to enter domestic and foreign markets utilizing fresh Korean pears, in which the consumption is decreasing. A survey was also conducted on three types of samples (pear jelly, pear rice cake, and pear muffin). As a result, both Korean and Chinese women aged in their 20s preferred pear muffins the most among the pear products evaluated. Pear jelly and rice cake were preferred by Chinese consumers because of their sweet taste (p<0.05). Pear rice cakes were preferred because of their texture (p<0.05). Pear muffins were not significant in all items except for odor/flavor and sweetness, but Korean consumers had a high preference for them and showed a significant preference for colors (p<0.05). Pear muffins were most familiar to both Korean and Chinese consumers showing a high willingness to purchase. An analysis of the preference inducement factors of consumers in each country of the three processed foods containing pears using Check-All-That-Reply (CATA) showed that the consumers of both countries preferred the 'pear odor/flavor' characteristics of pear jelly, and that pear rice cakes were preferred by Chinese consumers compared to Korean consumers. Pear muffins were preferred by Korean consumers. Overall, pear muffins are the product expected to be most suitable for female consumers in Korea and China aged in their 20s.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.116-126
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• 2015

This paper compared the properties of cosmetics depending on the shopping tendency of female consumers in Korea and China. The data on Chinese women living in Korea and Korean women in their 20s was collected using an offline survey. The data on Chinese women living in China in their 20s was collected using an online survey. Three hundred twenty-seven questionnaires out of a total of 330 questionnaires were used for statistical analysis. The survey was conducted from January to February 2014. Eighteen questions on shopping tendency and eight questions on the properties of cosmetics were analyzed using a 5-point Likert scale. Data was analyzed by Descriptives, Factor Analysis, Reliability Analysis, ANOVA and Cluster Analysis, and SPSS 21 statistical program. In accordance with the analyses, the shopping tendency comprised a showing-off tendency, pleasure-seeking tendency, and practicality tendency; the properties of cosmetics were classified into conformity and functionality. On the basis of the elements in the shopping tendency, the female consumers were categorized into a low involvement consumer group, high involvement consumer group, and hedonic consumer group. The Chinese women emphasized conformity or functionality of cosmetics more than the Korean women regardless of the countries where they lived. Regardless of shopping types or countries where they lived, the Korean and Chinese women in their 20s emphasized functionality over conformity of cosmetics. Furthermore, Chinese women living in Korea showed a similar shopping tendency to Chinese living in China.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.517-537
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• 2020

This study investigated how consumers and company employees differ in their perceptions of boycotts based on the co-orientation model. Regarding the reasons of boycotts, consumers take both consumer damage cases and unethical conduct equally seriously, while company employees take consumer damage cases more seriously than unethical conduct. Consumer perceptions of the necessity for boycotts was higher than company employees, while employees were more aware of the negative impact of boycotts than consumers. Based on the co-orientation model, we examined how consumers and employees estimate differences in their perceptions of boycotts. The results showed that consumers and company employees are not accurately aware of each other's perceptions. Lastly, logistic regressions were conducted to identify the factors affecting three types of participation: online opinion expression, personal non-purchasing, and persuading other people to join the boycotts. The results showed that male consumers are more likely to participate in online opinion expression; consumer perceptions of effectiveness of boycotts and the perceived severity of consumer damage increase the likelihood of participation in online opinion expression. Consumer perceptions of the necessity of boycotts and their opinion leadership increased the likelihood of non-purchasing. Finally, consumers with higher opinion leadership and female consumers were more likely to encourage others to take part in boycotts. In addition, consumers are more likely to persuade others to join the boycotts if they have stronger beliefs that companies will not seriously consider consumer problems.