• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.6.1-6.6
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• 2017

Background: This study was aim to observe the effects of feeding mixed local hay (MH) consisted of 55% orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.), 35% tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and 10% red clover (Trifolium pratense) to Hanwoo steers on performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality (longissimus thoracis) compared with feeding imported timothy hay (TH) and local rice straw (RS). Results: Although no significant effects were found on animal performance and carcass yield grade, the carcasses of MH group had higher marbling score and quality grade than those of RS and TH group (P < 0.05). Therefore, higher fat content (P < 0.001), lower shear force and hardness value in the beef of MH group than that of other groups were observed. Furthermore, the beef of MH group had higher CIE $a^*$ value (redness) than that of other groups and feeding MH to Hanwoo steers lowered n-6 to n-3 fatty acids ratio in beef. Conclusions: Mixed hay provided benefits on meat quality and could be used for Hanwoo fattening program.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the nutritional status and to compare nutritional indicators by caloric intake for intensive care unit patients, Methods: The participants for this descriptive investigation were 62 patients who were admitted to medical and surgical ICUs and started on enteral feeding. Data were collected in a tertiary hospital and the patients were followed for 7 days after enteral feeding was initiated. For analysis, patients who received 80% less calories than their required level were categorized as the underfed group and patients who received more than 80% to their required level, as the adequately fed group. Results: Compared to daily requirements, the prescribed calories and protein for patients overall were 77.39% and 64.75% respectively. The level of calories and protein given was less than their prescription. However, a comparison of the underfed group and the adequately fed group, showed that there was no significantly difference in albumin, prealbumin and transferrin. Only body weight was significantly different between the groups. C-reactive protein had a significant correlation with prealbumin and transferrin. Conclusion: Underfeeding is a common phenomenon among ICU patients. Nutritional indicators such as prealbumin, albumin and transferrin may not sensitive indicators to assess nutritional status of ICU patients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.727-735
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• 1996

The effects of four factors-two dietary protein levels (12 and 16%), feeding methods(ad libitum and restricted), strains (A and B), and age of hens-on egg quality and laying performance were examined. Use of the 12% dietary protein level resulted in significantly lower (p < 0.05) hen-day egg production, higher feed intake to about 85% of the ad libitum intake decreased mean hen-day production. Significant feeding method-by-age interactions ($F{\times}A$) were obtained for all parameters. Restricted feeding had favorable effects on shell strength and Haugh unit values after 28 and 16 weeks of egg production, respectively. There was significant difference in shell strength between the two strain. Examination of the three-factor interaction among protein levels, feeding method and strain ($P{\times}F{\times}S$) disclosed that the favorable effect of the A strain on shell strength was significant only with the 16% protein-restricted fed group. The other treatment group did show a trend for greater shell strength of the A strain. Mean values for all the parameters examined changed significantly (p < 0.01) with the age of hens. Feed intake per dozen eggs tended to increase, with some fluctuation, as the hens aged. There was a linear decrease in Haugh unit scores and shell strength. The effect of restricted feeding on either shell strength or Haugh unit scores were favorable for the aged chickens.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2018

This study was conducted to determine grazing intensity of growing Korean native goats(Capra hircus coreanae) on mountainous pasture. It was carried out to obtain basic information for improvement of mountainous pasture management and establishing feeding system of Korean native goat. A total of 20 goats were grouped by feeding systems [A mountainous pasture grazing group (Concentrated feed of 1.5% body weight, treatment 1, T1, n=10) and a barn feeding group (TMR, treatment 2, T2), n=10] to conduct study from April to September. The average forage productivity of the mountain pasture was $500.9{\pm}61.41kg/ha$. The average dry matter intake in T1 was 0.64 and the calculated grazing intensity was 21 head/ha. In productivity, when the two treatments(T1, T2) were compared, the dry matter intake was about two to three times the difference. The average daily gain per day during the experiment was 63.3 in the mountain pasture and 120 g in barn feeding. When grazing, considering mountainous pasture productivity it is necessary to increase the productivity through proper feeding. The feed costs of black goats raised by grazing on the grassland in the same period showed an average 75% reduction compared to barn feeding. As a result of this study, it can be expected that a considerable reduction of feed costs can be expected in the breeding of Korean native black goat using the mountain pasture.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.1461-1466
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• 2000

The use of the dairy male calf for beef production has been found to be economically unprofitable during the past due to high cost of feeds and relatively low beef price. However, due to current shortage of domestic beef supply and rising beef price, this research aimed to assess feeding methods and costs and returns in raising dairy male calves for beef production under changing economic conditions. Two diets were compared: calves on an optimal feeding level were given milk replacer for 44 d and a concentrate (with ad lib. hay) to 150 kg bodyweight that contained 16% crude protein; those given a sub-optimal diet, more appropriate for smallholder farms, received milk replacer for 30 d and 14% CP concentrate. Twelve pairs of dairy male calves (average age 32 days) of Holstein-Friesian high grades were used, each pair having similar influencing factors such as weight, age, and genotype. Each animal was kept in a separate feeding stall until reaching the final weight of 150 kg. The results from this experiment showed that the differences of traits concerning growth performance and feed efficiency of the animals raised under the two feeding regimes were statistically nonsignificant. The optimal group was just slightly better, but the cost of production of the sub-optimal group was 24 percent lower (4,667 vs. 6,144 baht per animal) and the cost difference was highly significant. The results from this investigation showed that beef production from dairy male calves can be economically viable when sub-optimal feeding method is used and market beef price is at current level.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.333-339
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• 2019

The present study investigated the litter performance of multiparous sows had different feeding frequencies during summer season. A total of 60 crossbred multiparous sows was allotted to one of two treatments based on body weight (BW) according to a completely randomized design. Two different feeding frequencies based on NRC (National Research Council) were applied as conventional feeding (T1; 2 kg per meal at 06:00, 11:00, and 17:00) and night feeding (T2; 1.5 kg per meal at 06:00, 11:00, 17:00, and 2 kg at 22:00). Sows in T2 treatment had lower (p < 0.05) BW changes during lactation. The backfat thickness change of sows was decreased in T2 treatment during lactation (p < 0.05). The daily feed intake differed significantly between T1 and T2 with increased feed intake of the T2 group at 5.47 kg/d to 5.14 kg/d in the T1 group (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in total weight of weaned piglets between T1 (70.50 kg) and T2 (74.34 kg). A greater total litter weight gain was observed in sows in T2 treatment. Night feeding is suggested for lactating sows with significant beneficial effects on litter growth during summer season.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.810-817
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• 2011

A feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of tannin rich Pakar (Ficus infectoria) leaves on microbial profile, rumen fermentation and nutrient utilization in goats. Eight goats divided in two groups were fed pakar leaves (experimental group) and green oats (control group) as sole roughage source along with a fixed quantity of concentrate mixture for a period of 3 months. Two metabolic trials of six days duration were conducted after 30 and 90 days of experimental feeding. The dry matter intake was significantly higher (p<0.05) and digestibility's of DM, OM, CP, EE, NDF and ADF were reduced in experimental as compared with the control group. The TDN intake was similar (236.52 vs. 240.39 g/d) in both the groups. All the animals were in positive nitrogen balance. The concentration of ammonia nitrogen, TVFA, lactic acid and activities of xylanase and protease were reduced in pakar leaves fed goats. The rumen microbial profile as obtained by MPN technique showed no change in total bacterial population but total fungi and cellulolytic bacteria were reduced (p<0.05), whereas, tannin degrading/tolerant bacteria increased with the feeding of pakar leaves. Real time PCR data revealed a decrease in Ruminococcus flavefaciens, an increase in methanogens and no change in the Fibrobacter succinogenes population by feeding of pakar leaves.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.411-421
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• 1997

A survey was carried out to investigate the symptoms and occurance of reproductive disorder in Hanwoo(Korean native cattle). Data of the reproductive disorder of 561 heads from 28 farm households have been collected from Dec. '95 to Nov. '96 and analyzed calving no, nutritional body condition and housing forms. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The incidence of reproductive disorder was 20.1% and the major common symptoms were repeat breeding(39.8%), anestrous(31.0%), nymphomania(10.6%) and subestrous(8.9%). 2. The incidence of reproductive disorder according to the calving no., that of heifer, calved one to two calving no. and over three calving no. were 20.6%, 13.9% and 34.5%, respectively. 3. Reproductive disorder incidence according to the nutritional body condition was 18.3%, 14.6% and 48.7% at body condition score(BCS) less than 2.0, 2.5 to 3.0 and over than 3.5, respectively. At BCS over 3.0, the symptoms of common reproductive disorder were repeat breeding(17.6%), anestrous(12.2%), nymphomania(10.8%) and subestrous(2.7%). 4. The incidence of reproductive disorder according to the housing form 15.8% and 34.6% for group feeding in open house and individual stanchion feeding in stall, respectively. In group feeding, reproductive disorder incidence of cows raised in space of more than 9.9$m^2$ per head was 14.1%, while that of cows raised less than 9.9$m^2$ per head was 18.2%. And incidence of repeat breeding, aneestrous and subestrous was more frequent in individual stanchion feeding than group feeding.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.517-535
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• 2022

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding alfalfa: Concentrate at different ratios (8:2 or 2:8) to Korean native black goats (KNBG) for 90 days on meat quality and bioactive compound content. Feeding KNBG alfalfa and concentrate at different ratios did not impact meat pH, color, microorganism composition, volatile basic nitrogen levels, or lipid oxidation. The low alfalfa (KLA) group exhibited increased oleic acid and monosaturated fatty acid levels, both of which impact the palatability traits of meat. The abundance of bioactive compounds increased in the loin meat of the KLA group, leading to an increase in antioxidant activities. Our results suggest that feeding alfalfa and concentrate at a 2:8 ratio to KNBG can increase taste-related fatty acids and bioactive compounds in loin meat, relative to that achieved by feeding at an 8:2 ratio. Further investigation is required to evaluate the quality and the metabolites of bioactive compounds in KNBG meat and the effect of the different dietary ratios of forage and concentrate.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 1985

동물의 성장정도에 따라 식이섭취양식이 성장및 각 기관의 DNA와 RNA함량에 미치는 영향을 경토하기 위하여 , 성장기와 성장완료기의 흰쥐에게 ad-lib. feeding과 1일 3회 급여 그리고 1일 1회 급여등 3가지 섭취 양식으로 정제 식이를 급여하여 비교하였으며, 그 결과는다음과 같다. 1 ) 모든 실험동물에서 3희 식이군은 ad-lib. 군과 비슷한 증체량을 나타냈으나, 1회 식이군은 다른 군보다 낮은 증체량을 나타냈으며, 식이섭취량도 더 적었다. 2) 성장기 쥐의 경우. 1회 식이군은 ad-lib.군에 비해 간, 신장, 비장 등 내장기관의 DNA, RNA, 단백질 함량이 강소되었으나, DNAmg당 각 조성은 다른군과 차이가 없었다. 한편, 성인쥐의 경우는 1회 식이군에서, 간의 크기가 현저히 증가되었으며 DNAmg당 각 조성은 증가하였으나, 간의 DNA함량은 유의적 차이가 없었다. 신장과 비장은 식이섭취양식에 의한 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) 성장기 쥐와 성인쥐의 위와 소장은 meal-feeding에 의해 크기가 증대된 경향을 나타냈으며, 혈청콜레스테롤은 유의적 차이가 없었다. 본 결과는 식이섭취양식이 성장기 동물에서는 내장기관의 세포수에 크게 영향을 미치며, 성장완료기 동물에서는 내장기관중 특히 간의 세포크기에 영향을 미침을 시사한다.