• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.22.1-22.15
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• 2016

Background: Dietary manipulation is a common practice to mitigate gaseous emission from livestock production facilities, and the variation of fat level in the diet has shown great influence on ruminal volatile fatty acids (VFA) and enteric methane generation. The changes in dietary fat levels influence rumen chemistry that could modify manure nutrient composition along with odor and gaseous emissions from manure management facilities. Methods: A field experiment was carried out on beef cattle feedlots to investigate the effect of four levels of dietary fat concentrations (3 to 5.5 %) on the manure composition and gaseous emissions (methane-$CH_4$, nitrous oxide-$N_2O$, carbon dioxide-$CO_2$ and hydrogen sulfide-$H_2S$) from the feedlot pen surface. The experiment was carried out over a 5-month period from June to October during North Dakota's summer-fall climatic condition. Air and manure sampling was conducted five times at a 20-30 day intervals. Results: Overall, this research indicated that fat levels in diet have no or little effect on the nutrient composition of manure and gaseous emission from the pens with cattle fed with different diet. Though significant variation of gaseous emission and manure composition were observed between different sampling periods, no effect of high fat diet was observed on manure composition and gaseous emission. Conclusions: It can be concluded that addition of fat to animal diet may not have any impact on gaseous emission and manure compositions.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2019

딱정벌레목(Coleoptera) 거저리과(Tenebrionidae)에 속하는 외미거저리(Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer))는 저장곡물해충의 하나로 알려져 있지만, 대부분 이미 피해를 받은 곡물을 섭식하기 때문에 경제적으로 심각한 위협을 초래할 정도는 아니다. 그러나 이 외미거저리 해충은 많은 나라의 가금산업에서 매우 중요한 해충으로 간주되고 있다. 우리나라의 육계농장에서도 외미거저리가 발생하여 문제를 야기하고 있음이 확인되었고, 이 해충의 발생으로 야기되는 문제로는 육계농장의 보온효과 및 병아리의 전반적인 활력을 떨어뜨리고, 병원균을 전염시킴으로써 가금업자에게 상당한 경제적 손실을 가져다주고 있다. 한편, 육계농장에서 이 외미거저리 개체군을 한 가지 방법으로 완전히 제거하기가 쉽지 않기 때문에 적절한 방제방법을 개발하기 위한 노력이 절실하다.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.216-227
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed at understanding terminal care provided in nursing homes. Method: An interview survey with staff in charge of terminal care was conducted in 97 nursing homes using questionnaires. The questionnaire was reviewed by 3 experts and pretested at 5 facilities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test. Result: Dyspnea was the most prevalent symptom predicting death. The most prevalent services were vital sign check for physical care, providing services by talking despite an unconscious state for psychosocial care, and respecting the faith of the elder for spiritual care. Employment of a registered nurse showed a significant difference in tube feeding (p=.035), analgesic administration (p=.022), informing the elder of end-of-life state (p=.020), helping an elderly person say good-byes through a visit with friends and acquaintances (p=.023), and helping express feelings related to death (p=.002). Lack of service was noticed for elderly resident, family, and staff after death of an elder. Problems related to terminal care were indifference of family members, difficulty in obtaining medical prescription, difficulty in predicting death, and so forth. Conclusion: Terminal care must be improved by making specific guidelines and it must become a part of nursing home evaluation.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2006년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.193-196
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• 2006

In this paper, two $4{\times}4$ rectangular patch array antennas operated at 20 GHz are implemented for the satellite communication. Two $2{\times}2$ sub-arrays are designed and used for the design of $4{\times}4$ patch array. The sixteen patch antennas and microstrip feeding line are printed on the single-layered substrate. The spacing between the array elements is chosen to be $0.736{\lambda}$. The HPBW(Half Power Beam Width) of the $4{\times}4$ microstrip patch array is 17.01 degrees in the E-plane and 17.71 degrees in the H-plane with a gain of 11.6dB in the experimental results. The HPBW of the recessed $4{\times}4$ microstrip patch array is 18.66 degrees in E-plane and 17.12 degrees in the H-plane with a gain of 12.55dB in the experimental results.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 1991

This study was conducted a comprehensive survey of 39 elementary schools operating school lunch program in Seoul area. The purpose of this study was to investigate the realities of school lunch program. This method of the research was based on the interview survey with dietitian working at each school with prepared questionnaire. The survey was conducted for 16 days from Dec. 5 to Dec. 20., 1990. The results of this study were as follows ; (1) The average numbers of children supplied with food were 1,244 for each school. It was about 44.3Bb of the students enrolled in the school. The average feeding cost was 738 won per a child for a day. (2) Only one school was operating nutritional education as a regular educational program, and others were operating nutritional education off and on. (3) All nutrient intake except energy were higher than the RDA for school lunch program. (4) The ratio of animal food was 46.2%, and that of vegetable food was 53.8%. (5) The ratio of schools without sterilizer cabinet came to 56.4%, and that of schools without warmer was 97.4%. (6) The facilities for drainage, lighting, ventilation, anti-rat of a cookery were comparatively good.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.96-106
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• 2003

Advances in neonatal care system and research have resulted in an increased survival rate among low birth weight infants in the industrialized countries. Recent Korean neonatal mortality and morbidity statistics, and current status of Korean neonatal intensive care facilities were reviewed here for the sake of future improvement and research. Morbidity statistics revealed that perinatal diseases accounted for 80％ of the death of premature infants implying the possibility of its reduction by the vigorous prenatal care service in future.On the basis of extensive studies of nutritional support and growth rate of premature infants, commercial formulas for premature infants have been developed and various aspects of feeding techniques are standardized. However, problem of growth deficit of premature infants remains unsolved as medical problem. NICU specialists are challenged with the tasks of prenatal education or provision of care that minimizes the neurodevelopmental problems seen in preterm infants, various short-term outcome researches have been reported and those are reviewed here to promote research interest in the field of neonatal nursing. Systemic long-term outcome studies are also awaited in Korea for the formulation of welfare policy in future. Nursing science has to embrace all these interdisciplinary studies as their own research field in collaboration with neonatologist, nutritionist, rehabilitation therapist, social workers and teachers.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.196-200
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• 2013

In this paper, the design of PRT vehicle power supply system is discussed. Since there is no power feeding line facilities in PRT system under development, the PRT vehicle must have its own energy storage device on board. For the energy storage device, ultra-capacitor bank is applied due to its fast charging capability and long life time. Charging the Ultra-capacitor bank is performed by wireless inductive power transfer system. The capacitor bank is charged up in less than 10 seconds when the vehicle is traveling by passenger stations. In this paper the design of the ultra-capacitor bank and the wireless inductive power transfer system for the PRT vehicle are discussed. Tests are conducted for the both system and the result shows the efficiency of the wireless inductive power transfer system is higher than 80%.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권s01호
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• pp.98-114
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• 1988

This study was conducted to investigate the status and prospects of seed quality researches in rapeseed. Rapeseed Quality was mainly related to oil and protein content, fatty acid composition and glucosinolate content. Hence, breeding for improvement of rapeseed Quality has been emphasized as follows: 1) inheritance mode, 2) investigation of germplasm, 3) establishment of analysis technique, 4) establishment of selection method, 5) idealization of cultural technique. The oil quality is determined by its fatty acids. Fatty acids have been determined by gas chromatography. To improve oil quality was emphasized for zero erucic acid, the highest possible linoleic acid and the lowest possible linolenic acid content. Rapeseed meal is not considered as top quality feed ingredient although it has higher protein content and well-balanced amino acid composition. This is mainly because of the presence of considerable amounts of glucosinolates. Thus the reduction of glucosinolate content in rapeseed meal is of great importance. In breeding for meal quality, low glucosinolate lines (plants) were selected and analyzed by gas chromatography and UV-spectrophotometer. Current problems and future researches of rapeseed quality in Korea are 1) improvement of researcher's number and facilities, 2) depression of animal feeding trials, 3) unsatisfied relationship between research and manufacturing and products field, 4) improvement of fertility for yellow and thin seed coat lines crossed between mustard and rapeseed, 5) establishment of new rapid analysing system for rapeseed quality.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.431-441
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 청주시 사회복지 급식관리지원센터의 회원인 노인요양시설과 공동생활가정, 주간보호센터를 대상으로 시설노인을 위한 급식의 위생관리 현황을 조사하고, 조리원이나 시설장 대상 위생교육, 관련 지원물품과 정보제공 등 관리지원을 실시한 후 시범사업의 효과를 알아보고자 급식위생관리 개선정도를 비교분석하였다. 연구결과 1차 지원을 실시한 후 전체 급식위생관리 평균점수가 63.13점(100점 만점)에서 75.10점으로(p<0.001), 2차 지원 후에도 75.10점(100점 만점)에서 80.89점으로 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.001). 1차 지원 후 체크리스트에서 평균점수의 유의한 차이를 보인 항목은 전체 29개 중 16개였고, 2차 방문 지원을 실시한 후에는 29개 중 7개 항목에서 유의한 개선을 보였다(p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). 이상의 노인급식관리지원 시범사업의 효과가 있음을 토대로 보다 많은 노인복지시설들이 급식관리지원센터의 지원을 지속적으로 받도록 해야 할 것이다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.118-135
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• 1988

This study is designed to analyze the problems of health education in schools and explore the ways of enhancing health education from a historical perspective. It also shed light on the managerial aspect of health education (including medical-check-up for students disease management. school feeding and the health education law and its organization) as well as its educational aspect (including curriculum, teaching & learning, and wishes of teachers). At the same time it attempted to present the ways of resolving the problems in health education as identified her. Its major findings are as follows; I. Colculsion and Summary 1. Despite the importance of health education, the area remains relatively undeveloped. Students spend a greater part of their time in schools. Hence the government should develop a keener awareness of the importance of health education and invest more in it to ensure a healthy, comfortable life for students. 2. At the moment the outcomes of medical-check-up for students, which constitutes the mainstay of health education, are used only as statistical data to report to the relevant authorities. Needless to say they should be used to help improve the wellbeing of students. Specifically, nurse-teachers and home-room teachers should share the outcomes of medical-check-up to help the students wit shortcomings in growth or development or other physical handicaps more clearly recognize their problems and correct them if possible. 3. In the area of disease management, 62.6, 30.3 and 23.0 percent of primary, middle, and highschool students, respectively, were found to suffer from dental ailments. By contrast 2.2, 7.8, and 11.5 percent of primary, middle and highschool students suffered from visual disorders. The incidence of dental ailments decreases while that of visual impairments increases as students grow up. This signifies that students are under tremendous physical strain in their efforts to be admitted by schools of higher grade. Accordingly the relevant authorities should revise the current admission system as well as improve lighting system in classrooms. 4. Budget restraints have often been cited as a major bottleneck to the expansion of school feeding. Nevertheless it should be extended at least, to all primary schools even at the expense of parents to ensure the sound growth of children by improving their diet. 5. The existing health education law should be revised in such a way as to better meet the needs of schools. Also the manpower for health education should be strengthened. 6. Proper curriculum is essential to the effective implementation of health education. Hence it is necessary to remove those parts in the current health education curriculum that overlaps with other subjects. It is also necessary to make health education a compulsory course in teachers' college at the same time the teachers in charge of health education should be given an in-service training. 7. Currently health education is being taught as part of physical education, science, home economics or other courses. However these subjects tend to be overshadowed by English, mathematics, and other subjects which carry heavier weight in admission test. It is necessary among other things, to develop an educational plan specifying the course hours and teaching materials. 8. Health education is carried out by nurse-teachers or home-room teachers. In connection with health education, they expressed the hope that health education will be normalized with newly-developed teaching material, expanded opportunity for in-service training and increased budget, facilities and supply of manpower. These are the mainpoints that the decision-makers should take into account in the formation of future policy for health education. II. Recommendations for the Improvement of Health Education 1. Regular medical check-up for students, which now is the mainstay of health education, should be used as educational data in an appropriate manner. For instance the records of medical check-up could be transferred between schools. 2. School feeding should be expanded at least in primary schools at the expense of the government or even parents. It will help improve the physical wellbeing of youths and the diet for the people. 3. At the moment the health education law is only nominal. Hence the law should be revised in such a way as to ensure the physical wellbeing of students and faculty. 4. Health education should be made a compulsory course in teachers' college. Also the teachers in service should be offered training in health education. 5. The curriculum of health education should be revised. Also the course hours should be extended or readjusted to better meet the needs of students. 6. In the meantime the course hours should be strictly observed, while educational materials should be revised in no time. 7. The government should expand its investment in facilities, budget and personnel for health education in schools at all levels.