• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2013

The filtering characteristics of planar distributed feedback (DFB) waveguides composed by gratings with different period are solved using equivalent transmission-line network. To analyze explicitly its band-pass and resonance properties, a longitudinal modal transmission-line theory (L-MTLT) based on Floquet's theorem and Babinet's principle is newly developed. The numerical results reveal that this approach offers a simple and analytic algorithm to analyze the filtering characteristics of cascaded DFB structure with different period, and the bandwidth and side-lobe suppression of cascaded DFB filter are sensitively dependent on the variation of aspect ratio and the number of grating at each region.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.454-459
• /
• 2003

We report the first demonstration of 10 Gb/s wavelength conversion in a Mach-Zehnder interferometric wavelength converter monolithically integrated with a loss-coupled DFB probe source. The integrated device is fabricated using a BRS (buried ridge stripe) structure with an undoped InP clad layer on the top of a passive waveguide to reduce high propagation loss. The device exhibited a static extinction ratio of 11 dB. Good performance at 10 Gb/s is obtained with an extinction ratio of 7 dB and a power penalty of 2.8 dB at a 10$^{-9}$ bit error rate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2012.04a
• /
• pp.527-535
• /
• 2012

This paper reports the active vibration control of plates using positive position feedback controller (PPF). The equations of motion of the plate under force and moment pairs were derived and the equations of PPF controllers were formulated. The effect of the parameters - gain and damping ratio - of the PPF controllers on the open loop transfer function was investigated mainly in terms of the system stability. Increasing the gain of the PPF controller tuned at a mode, the magnitude of the open loop transfer function is increased at all frequencies without changing the phase behavior. The increase of the damping ratio of the PPF controller leads to decrease the magnitude of the open loop transfer function and to modify its phase characteristics to be more stable. Two PPF controllers connected in parallel, Each PPF controller is tuned at the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ modes, respectively. Their parameters were determined to remain the system to be stable based on the results of the parametric study. A significant reduction in vibration at the 2 modes can be obtained.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.1190-1199
• /
• 2010

This paper reports active control of clamped beams using acceleration feedback controllers (AF). The equations of motion of clamped beam under force and moment pairs were derived and the equations of AF controllers were formulated. The effect of the parameters - gain and damping ratio - of the AF controllers on the open loop transfer function was investigated mainly in terms of the system stability. Increasing the gain of the AF controller tuned at a mode, the magnitude of the open loop transfer function is increased at all frequencies. The increase of the damping ratio of the AF controller leads to decrease the magnitude of the open loop transfer function and modifies its phase characteristics to be more stable. Three AF controllers connected in parallel were then proposed. Each AF controller is tuned at the 2nd, 3rd and 4th modes, respectively. Their parameters were determined to remain the system to be stable based on the results of the parametric study. A significant reduction in vibration at the 3 modes can be obtained.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.82-91
• /
• 2007

기존의 2차원 FDLB 모델(D2Q21)에서 비열비 ${\gamma}$는 공간의 차원수(D)에 의존한다. 즉, 2차원 공간의 계산에서는 ${\gamma}=(D+2)/D=2.0$밖에 취할 수 없으며, 공기와 같은 실체기체를 전산모사 하기에는 여러 어려움이 있다. 이러한 이유 때문에 문헌[1]의 LBM에서 제안된 조정 가능한 비열비 모델을 2차원 FDLB모델에 적용하여 자려발생 에지톤(edgetone)의 수치계산이 수행되었다. wedge의 선단각도가 ${\alpha}=23^{\circ}$(Case I) 및 $20^{\circ}$(Case II)를 갖는 2가지 모델이 설정되었으며, 노즐출구에서 wedge선단까지의 거리 w/d는 $3d{\sim}12d$사이에서 주어졌다. edgetone은 노즐로부터 나온 분류와 edge의 상호작용으로 이난 음압(sound pressure)의 차에 의해서 소음이 발생하며, 이 음압은 다시 상류의 분류에 영향을 미쳐 분류의 변동을 가져온다. w/d가 ??9d이하인 경우, 피드백(feedback) 메커니즘에 기인한 주기적인 운동이 발생하지만, w/d가 큰 ??9d이상인 경우에는 분류의 불안정성 때문에 규칙적인 분류의 운동은 보이질 않으며, 이는 기존의 연구결과들과 잘 일치함을 보였다. 본 연구에서 적용된 모델을 이용하여 공기와 같은 2원자 기체의 비열비 ??${\gamma}=1.4$를 갖는 유체에 있어서 공력 소음의 수치예측이 가능하다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.156-162
• /
• 1992

In the measurement of proton gyromagnetic ratio by a low field cechnique, the compensation of earth's field is required to keep a zero-field space. The constant earth's fild is compensated by a cur-rent flowing through a Helmholtz coil, whereas small time-varying component is compensated automatically by a closed loop of feedback system. A feedback amplifier, and two three-dimensional Helmholtz coils having the same coil constant have been constructed in order to compensate the earth's field. field. Preliminary test performed at the ordinary laboratory showed that the time-vary-ing field of ${\pm}100nT$ and the constant field have been reduced to the level of ${\pm}10nT$ using the compensating system.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2008

An edgetone is the discrete tone or narrow-band sound produced by an oscillating free shear layer, impinging on a rigid surface. In this paper, 2-dimensional edgetone to predict the frequency characteristics of the discrete oscillations of a jet-edge feedback cycle is presented using lattice Boltmznan model with 21 bits, which is introduced a flexible specific heat ratio y to simulate diatomic gases like air. The blown jet is given a parabolic inflow profile for the velocity, and the edges consist of wedges with angle 20 degree (for symmetric wedge) and 23 degree (for inclined wedge), respectively. At a stand-off distance w, the edge is inserted along the centerline of the jet, and a sinuous instability wave with real frequency is assumed to be created in the vicinity of the nozzle exit and to propagate towards the downward. Present results presented have shown in capturing small pressure fluctuating resulting from periodic oscillation of the jet around the edge. The pressure fluctuations propagate with the speed of sound. Their interaction with the wedge produces an irrotational feedback field which, near the nozzle exit, is a periodic transverse flow producing the singularities at the nozzle lips. It is found that, as the numerical example, satisfactory simulation results on the edgetone can be obtained for the complex flow-edge interaction mechanism, demonstrating the capability of the lattice Boltzmann model with flexible specific heat ratio to predict flow-induced noises in the ventilating systems of ship.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.222-227
• /
• 1995

A single mode, 100-mW diode laser was injection-locked by the master laser which was spectrally narrowed with Littman-type grating feedback. In the incomplete-injection-locking, we observed that two frequencies were simultaneously generated from the slave laser. The power ratio and frequency shift of two frequency components were proportional to the square of injected laser intensity. When the ratio of the injection intensity to the slave laser intensity was about $10^{-3}$, the injection-locking bandwidth was to be about 1.4 GHz. The bandwidth proportionally increased to the square root of the injection intensity, which was in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The Iinewidth of the locked-laser was about 2.5 MHz, which was five times as narrow as that of free-running operation. ation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.56-64
• /
• 2015

This study presents a model-based gain scheduling strategy for PI-based EGR controllers. The air-to-fuel ratio is used as an indirect measurement of the EGR rate. In order to cope with the nonlinearity and parameter varying characteristics of the EGR system, we proposed a static gain model of the EGR system using a new scheduling parameter. With the 810 steady-state measurements, the static gain model achieved 0.94 of R-squared value. Based on the static gain of the EGR system, the PI gains were robustly designed using quantitative feedback theory. Consequently, the gains of the PI controller are scheduled according to the static gain parameter of the EGR path in runtime. The proposed model-based gain scheduling strategy was validated through various operating conditions of engine experiments such as setpoint step responses and disturbance rejections.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.21 no.9
• /
• pp.995-1004
• /
• 2010

In the channel-varying environment, it is very important to estimate the signal to noise ratio(SNR) of received signal and to transmit the signal effectively for the modern communication system. The performance of existing non-data-aided (NDA) SNR estimation methods are substantially degraded for high level modulation scheme such as M-ary APSK or QAM. In this paper, we propose a SNR estimation method which uses zero point auto-correlation of received signal per block and auto-/cross- correlation of decision feedback signal in OFDM system. Proposed method can be studied into two Types; Type 1 can estimate SNR by zero point auto-correlation of decision feedback signal based on the second moment property. Type 2 uses both zero point auto-correlation and cross-correlation based on the fourth moment property. In block-by-block reception of OFDM system, these two SNR estimation methods can be possible for the practical implementation due to correlation based the estimation method and they show more stable estimation performance than the previous SNR estimation methods. Also, we mathematically derive the SNR estimation expression according to computational difference of auto-/cross-correlation. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations are used to verify the proposed method.