• 한국가금학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2006

본 연구는 고농도 액상 키토산의 음수 투여가 육계의 생산성에 미치는 영향에 대해서 조사하였다. 총 7일령의 240수의 육계에 고농도 키토산 0 ppm(대조구), 200 ppm(200) 및 400 ppm(400)을 음용수와 함께 40일간 급여하였다. 증체량과 사료요구율은 28일령까지 차이는 인정되지 않았지만, 그 이후에는 키토산의 음수 투여로 개선되어지는 경향을 보였다. 증체량과 사료 요구율은 29일령에서 35일령 사이에서는 200에서는 개선되는 경향이, 400에서는 유의하게 개선되었다. (p<0.05). 한편 36일령에서 47일령에서는 증체량은 400에서 개선되는 경향이, 200에서는 유의하게 개선되었다(p<0.05). 맹장 내용물 및 분중의 대장균 수는 키토산의 음수 투여에 의해서 감소되었다. 그 효과는 400에서 더 크게 나타났다. 사료중의 건물 및 조지방의 소화율은 키토산의 음수 투여로 개선되어지는 경향이 있었으며, 사료중 조단백질 소화율은 200 및 400 모두 대조구보다 유의하게 개선되었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과에서, 증체량, 사료 요구율, 맹장 내용물과 분중의 대장균 수의 감소 및 영양소 소화율 개선에 고농도 키토산 400 ppm의 음수 투여가 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.709-712
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• 2019

The effect of insect feed powder on the growth performance and economic evaluation of ducks was investigated. One hundred and twenty-old Pekin ducks were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments (0% and 1% Hermetia illucens powder) with three replicates of 20 birds each for 14-42 d. No significant (p>0.05) difference in growth performance between the control and 1% H. illucens powder was observed, except the feed conversion ratio (p<0.05), for the experimental period. The treatments with 1% H. illucens powder improved the economic indicators in comparison with the controls. Therefore, a diet supplemented with 1% H. illucens powder could significantly improve the feed conversion ratios and increase the economic indicators.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2011

To determine whether rearing density affects the hypermelanosis on the blind side (ambicoloration) of olive flounders Paralichthys olivaceus, we reared fry with an unpigmented non-eyed (blind) side in duplicate at densities of 150 individuals/$m^2$ (commercial production density: control) and 450 individuals/$m^2$ (high density group) for 90 days in 1-t dark-green fiberglass reinforced plastics (FRP) tank. We recorded feed intake, feed conversion efficiency (FE), growth and survival, and measured the ratios of staining blind-side area (staining area) and ambicolored fish every 30 days. Daily feed intake (DFI), feed conversion efficiency (FE), growth rate, condition factors, and survival rate were calculated at the end of the experiment. Although the FE was higher in the high-density compared to the control, the two density groups showed similar feed intakes, growth, and survival. The ratio of staining area as well as the ratio of ambicolored fish significantly were significantly higher in the high-density group than in the control from days 30 to 60, but significantly increased and evened out by the end of the experiment (P<0.05). In conclusion, we determined that rearing density is not the main cause of the blind-side hypermelanosis, but found that increasing the rearing density can accelerate the ambicoloration in olive flounders.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2015

The study was conducted to determine the effect of corssbred Korean native chickens (CKNC) on growth performance indices for hatch to 28 days. A total of 192 1-day-old birds were divided into one of 4 CKNC groups by 5 Korean native pure strains. Diets used in the study consisted of 2 phases with corn and soybean meal basis as earlier (1~2 weeks; crude protein 18.5%, metabolizable energy 3,000 kcal/kg), and grower (2~4 weeks; crude protein 15.0%, Metabolizable Energy 2,850 kcal/kg). Body weight and feed intake were measured bi-weekly. Crossbred 1G (group of family line) had higher body weight and average daily gain whereas crossbred 5Y had greater average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio than other crossbred Korean native chicken for hatch to 28 days. The results in the current study indicated that crossbred 1G had higher growth performance indices compared with other crossbred Korean native chicken for hatch to 28 days.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.213-216
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• 2002

Food consumption and conversion efficiency of new bivoltine hybrids (CSR2$\times$CSR4 and CSR2$\times$CSR5) were studied under restricted feeding levels (10, 20 and 30% less quantity of mulberry leaves). The data were compared with a control fed with standard quantum of feed as per the recommendation. The nutritional indices parameters i. e. ingests, digesta, approximate digestibility (%) and reference ratio were recorded higher in control batches compared to less feed batches while nutritional efficiency parameters i. e., ECI and ECD to cocoon and shell were recorded significantly higher in restricted feeding level batches. This increase is attributed due to the physiological adaptation under nutritional stress condition.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.534-541
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• 2021

In this study, a novel microwave-matrix reformer was proposed to convert CH₄, which is a major component, to a high quality hydrogen energy. And to identify this performance, it was investigated for O₂/C ratio, steam feed amount and reformed gas recirculation which are affected for methane conversion and product gas yield. Through the parametric screening studies, optimal operating conditions were that O₂/C ratio, steam feed amount and recirculation rate were 1.1, 10 mL/min and 30 L/min. In this conditions, CH₄ conversion was 68.1%, H₂ selectivity 77.2 and H₂/CO ratio 2.62 which are possible applying SOFC stack for RPG (residential power generator).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.248-255
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• 2012

Three levels of boron (0, 30, 60 ppm) were supplemented in practical corn-soybean based starter and grower diets, containing either adequate or inadequate Ca or P. A total of 1,800, 1-day-old sexed broiler chicks were assigned to six dietary treatments and fed with the experimental diets for 42 days. Boron improved the overall feed conversion ratio, but increased body weight only at 21 days of age (p<0.01). Boron decreased feed intake in the case of feeding on a diet deficient in Ca and P, and tended to increase feed intake when birds received a diet adequate in Ca and P, signifying significant boron by Ca-P interaction (p<0.01). Mortality was not influenced by boron (p>0.05). Dietary Ca and P deprivation reduced body weight and feed consumption significantly, but did not influence the feed conversion ratio and mortality (p>0.05). Serum Ca level, ALP and ALT activities were not influenced either by dietary Ca and P deficiency or boron supplementation. Serum P content increased with respect to boron at 30 ppm. Bone breakage strength was not affected by dietary variables. Tibia ash, Ca and P were increased in response to the supplementation diet with 30 ppm boron, whereas 60 ppm showed no effect in most cases. Accordingly, the dietary boron supplementation of 30 ppm significantly decreased fecal Ca and P excretion, while there was a numerical decline in the 60 ppm boron as compared to the 0 ppm boron group. Data presented herein indicated that boron, either at the 30 ppm or 60 ppm supplementation level, was effective in conversion of feed to body weight, whereas only boron at 30 ppm contributed to the mineralization of bone thereby augmenting more Ca and P while excreting less through faeces.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.451-460
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of acetaminophen on feed intake and growth performance of Hanwoo steers in the summer. Eight steers participated in a twelve-week experiment. The steers were randomly assigned into one of two treatments: Control and acetaminophen supplementation. Commercial acetaminophen was top-dressed to a concentrate mix at a rate of 3 g/kg based on dry matter. Individual feed intake was measured daily during the entire period of the experiment, and the intake of forage and concentrate diet were measured separately. The body weight of the steers were measured every 4 weeks. During the experimental period, ambient temperatures were recorded using an automatic temperature and humidity recorder. Acetaminophen had no effect (p > 0.05) on body weight, average daily gain, dry matter intake (DMI) and feed conversion ratio. Numerically, total DMI and concentrate DMI in the acetaminophen treated group were 5.7% and 7.6% lower than those of the control group, respectively, and the daily gain was 9.7% higher. As a result, the feed conversion rate of the acetaminophen treated group improved by 17% compared to the control; however, it was not statistically significant (p = 0.237). The results of this study suggest that acetaminophen supplementation may reduce the feed conversion ratio of Hanwoo steers under high temperature stress. However, further studies are needed to confirm the optimal level of acetaminophen supplementation which has a significant effect on the intake and weight gain of Hanwoo steers in the summer.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2004

첨가제 선택을 위한 목적으로 성장단계별 육계 사료에 햄 철 성분, 규산염, 설탕 제조 부산물, 목초액을 첨가하여 실시한 첨가제 비교시험에서, 사육성적은 동일한 계사 내에서도 환경조건이 좋은 위치에서 사육된 대조구가, 다른 시험구보다 좋은 성적을 보여 사육환경의 중요성을 확인하였으며, 시험구중에서는 햄철 성분 첨가구가 증체량이 많았고 규산염 첨가구의 증체성적이 가장 낮았다. 따라서 설탕 제조 부산물의 메틸기 절약 효과는 사육시간의 경과와 함께 낮아져 다른 첨가제의 효능보다 낮았다. 사료효율은 첨가제를 혼합하지 않은 대조구의 공간 배치 잇점으로 사료 섭취량이 적고 체중증가가 커서 사료 요구율이 낮았고, 시험구 중에서는 목초액과 햄철 성분 첨가구가 거의 동일한 사료효율을 보였다. 축산연구소에 의뢰한 육질 평가에서는 사육성적이 좋았던 대조구를 제외한 시험구 중에서는, 규산염 첨가구의 보수성이 가장 좋았으나 가열 감량이 많아 도계 후 제품의 실중량이 작아지는 단점으로 인하여, 상품화에는 부적합한 것으로 사려된다. 대조구를 제외한 시험구 중에서는 햄철 성분함유구가 전단력과 가열감량, 조지방 함유량에서 좋은 점수를 받았고, 회사에서 실시한 관능검사 결과와 사육성적을 고려하였을 때, 햄철 성분이 함유된 첨가제를 이용한 제품개발이 가장 좋을 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.434-442
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to determine the optimum ratio of methionine to methionine plus cystine for growing pigs. A nitrogen balance trial was conducted using a total of 21 barrows (Large WhiteLandrace) over two replicates. The initial body weight was $20.36{\pm}1.22kg$ (mean${\pm}$SD) in the first replicate and $23.54{\pm}1.02kg$ (mean${\pm}$SD) in the second. For each replicate, the 21 pigs were randomly assigned to one of seven dietary treatments with three observations per treatment. The diets included a methionine and cystine-deficient basal diet with all other essential nutrients meeting nutrient requirements and six diets formulated with graded levels of DL-methionine (0.00, 0.03, 0.06, 0.10, 0.13, 0.16%) and $L-Cystine{\cdot}HCl{\cdot}H_2O$ (0.19, 0.15, 0.11, 0.07, 0.04, 0.00%). This resulted in ratios of methionine to methionine plus cystine of 41.3, 29.6, 35.3, 41.2, 46.0, 51.6 and 57.5%. Each experimental period lasted 12 days consisting of a seven-day adaptation period followed by a five-day total collection of urine and feces. During the collection period, pigs were fed 900 g/day for the first replicate and 1,200 g/day for the second replicate. The feed was provided in three equal portions at 0800, 1500, and 2200 h daily. Pigs had ad libitum access to water after feeding. There was a linear (p<0.01) and quadratic (p<0.01) effect on daily gain and feed conversion as the ratio of methionine to methionine plus cystine increased. Pigs receiving the diets providing a methionine to methionine plus cystine ratio of 51.6% had the best daily gain and feed conversion. Plasma urea nitrogen was also lowest for this treatment. Nitrogen retention increased (p<0.01) as the relative proportion of methionine increased up to 51.6% and then a downward trend occurred at 57.5%. The quadratic regression model, as well as one- and two- slope regression line models, were used to determine the optimum ratio of methionine to methionine plus cystine. Eliminating the 35.3% methionine to methionine plus cystine treatment resulted in $R^2$ values in excess of 0.92. The optimal ratio of methionine to methionine plus cystine was estimated to be 54.15% for nitrogen retention and 56.72% for plasma urea nitrogen.