• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.245-248
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• 2001

During the core drilling for the design of a railway bridge crossing over the inferred fault system along the river, fracture zone, extends vertically more than the bottom of borehole, filled with fault gouge was found. The safety of bridge could be threatened by the excessive subsidence or the reduced bearing capacity of bedrock, if a fault would be developed under or around the pier foundation. Thus, a close examination of the fault was required to rearrange pier locations away from the fault or to select a reinforcement method if necessary. Geophysical methods, seismic reflection method and electrical resistivity survey over the water covered area, were applied to delineate the weak zone associated with the fault system. The results of geophysical survey clearly showed a number of faults extending vertically more than 50m. Reinforcement was not desirable because of the high cost and the water contamination, etc. The pier locations were thus rearranged based on the results of geophysical surveys to avoid the undesirable situations, and additional core drillings on the rearranged pier locations were carried out. The bedrock conditions at the additional drilling sites turned out to be acceptable for the construction of piers.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2020

As demand for electricity in urban areas increases, it is necessary to improve electric power stability by interconnecting neighboring substations and high temperature superconductor (HTS) power cables are considered as a promising option due to its large power capacity. However, the interconnection of substations reduces grid impedance and expected fault current is over 45 kA, which exceeds the capacity of a circuit breaker in Korean grid. To reduce the fault current below 45 kA, a HTS power cable having a fault current limiting (FCL) function is considered by as a feasible solution for the interconnection of substations. In this study, a FCL HTS power cable of 600 MVA/154 kV, transmission level class, is considered to reduce the fault current from 63 kA to less than 45 kA by generating an impedance over 1 Ωwhen the fault current is induced. For the thermal design of FCL HTS power cable, a parametric study is conducted to meet a required temperature limit and impedance by modifying the cable core from usual HTS power cables which are designed to bypass the fault current through cable former. The analysis results give a minimum cable length and an area of stainless steel former to suppress the temperature of cable below a design limit.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.38-41
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• 2002

We have conducted Preliminary investigation to propose a suitable site for superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) installation in the KEPCOs 154kV grid This investigation limited the application SFCL to the bus-tie position of the grid in the Seoul area. First, we calculated maximum Potential fault current for all substations. Then, among substations where the fault current exceeds the CB capacity, rye selected two substations where buses are being operated untied. For the selected two. S S/S and M S/S. fault currents at the M S/S were estimated to be 22.5㎄ and 24.3㎄ for two buses untied respectively, but 44.2㎄ if buses were tied. Simulation using a hypothetical SFCL of 5 Ohm impedance showed that it controlled the fault current up to 20. 1㎄ for bus-tie Position, 28.4㎄ and 29.9㎄ for both buses. respectively, each of which are under the capacity of the currently installed 31.5㎄ GIS. For both substations a SFCL with 5 Ohm impedance successfully controls the fault current under the CB capacity, and 10 Ohm SFCL may be recommendable to maximize the SFCL effect.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권10호
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• pp.1418-1425
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• 2015

In this paper, an filtering method of FI(Fault Indication) information generated by FRTU(Feeder Remote Terminal Unit)s is proposed for the present DAS(Distribution Automation System). In order to find fault area, correct FI information should be generated. But when a single line-to-ground fault occurs, FI information is generated in downside of the fault in some circumstance because existing FI algorithm considers only magnitude. These wrong FI information can be removed by changing existing algorithm. An improved algorithm considers both the direction of zero-sequence current and the phase of three-phase current&voltage. But many FRTUs are distributed in DAS and Changing the algorithm all of FRTU will spend a lot of time and cost. On the other hand, an filtering algorithm proposed in this paper can substitute for it. The filtering algorithm also considers both the direction of zero-sequence current and the phase of three-phase current&voltage. In case study, the proposed method has been shown the reasonability in filtering the fault indication information.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.361-368
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• 2003

1978년에 규모 5.0의 지진이 발생한 홍성지역에 발달한 단층대의 전기, 전자적 특성을 조사하였다. 전기, 전자 탐사는 최근 토목공사현장에서 단층대 및 파쇄대 등의 연약지반을 확인하기 위한 수단으로 널리 쓰이고 있으며 이들 탐사로부터 얻어지는 전기비저항 구조는 연약대의 공간적 분포를 효과적으로 파악할 수 있는 정보를 제공한다. 홍성지역에 위치한 단층대를 가로질러 쌍극자배열 전기비저항탐사와 MT (Magnetotelluric) 탐사를 실시하였으며 역산을 통해 단층대의 전기비저항의 분포를 추정하였다. MT 탐사는 주단층대를 가로지르는 2.9 km의 측선상의 18측점에서 실시하였으며, 자기쌍극자를 인공 송신원으로 사용하였다 전기탐사는 단층대를 측선의 중앙으로 하여 전극간격이 50 m인 쌍극자배열전기비저항 탐사를 실시하였다. 두 탐사 결과는 예상단층선을 따라 좌우지역의 전기비저항이 서로 다른 양상으로 발달하고 있음을 보여주고 있으며, 특히 예상단층선을 따라서는 뚜렷한 저비저항대가 깊게 발달해 있음을 보여주고 있다. 홍성지역의 단층대에서 낮은 전기비저항분포를 보이는 부분이 수직으로 잘 발달해 있다는 것은 최근에 두 차례의 지진이 발생한 것처럼 이 지역 단층이 활동 중인 단층이라는 사실과 일치하는 결과를 보여주는 것이다. 본 연구 성과는 앞으로 홍성단층 뿐만이 아니라 우리나라에서 발생하는 지진들에 대한 연구에 기초 자료를 제공할 것이라 기대된다.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.103-106
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• 2003

The short circuit current problem is one of the operational problems that need to be solved by power system engineers in Korea. It is an important issue in the Seoul metropolitan area especially because of highly meshed configuration. Currently, it is regulated by changing 154 kV system configuration from loop connection to radial system, by splitting of the bus where load balance can be achieved, and by upgrading circuit breaker rating. A development project for 154 kV/2 KA SFCL application to 154 kV transmission system after 2010 is proceeding. In this paper, a feasibility study of superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is carried out in Seoul metropolitan area to find out the effects of its application and feasibility. This study shows that it can reduce fault current considerably, and as it can minimize the upgrading of circuit breaker rating, the economic potential of SFCL is evaluated positively.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to extract lineaments in the southeastern part of the Gaeum Fault System, and to understand their characteristics and a relationship between them and fault activation. The lineaments were extracted using a multi-layered analysis based on a digital elevation model (5 m resolution), aerial photos, and satellite images. First-grade lineaments inferred as an high-activity along them were classified based on the displacement of the Quaternary deposits and the distribution of fault-related landforms. The results of classifying the first-grade lineaments were verified by fieldwork and electrical resistivity survey. In the study area of 510 km², a total of 222 lineaments was identified, and their total length was 333.4 km. Six grade lineaments were identified, and their total length was 11.2 km. The lineaments showed high-density distribution in the region along the Geumcheon, Gaeum, Ubo fault, and a boundary of the Hwasan cauldron consisting the Gaeum Fault System. They generally have WNW-ESE trend, which is the same direction with the strike of Gaeum Fault System. Electrical resistivity survey was conducted on eight survey lines crossing the first-grade lineament. A low-resistivity zone, which is assumed to be a fault damage zone, has been identified across almost all survey lines (except for only one survey line). The visual (naked eyes) detecting of the lineament was evaluated to be less objectivity than the automatic extraction using the algorithm. However, the results of electrical resistivity survey showed that first-grade lineament extracted by visual detecting was 83% reliable for inferred fault detection. These results showed that objective visual detection results can be derived from multi-layered analysis based on tectonic geomorphology.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권8호
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• pp.1492-1501
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• 2011

A wide-area protection intelligent technique has been used to improve a reliability in power systems and to prevent a blackout. Nowadays, voltage and current phasor estimation has been executed by GPS-based synchronized PMU, which has become an important way of wide-area blackout protection for the prevention of expending faults in power systems. As this technique has the difficulties in collecting and sharing of information, there have been used a FNET method for the wide-area intelligent protection. This technique is very useful for the prediction of the inception fault and for the prevention of fault propagation with accurate monitoring frequency and frequency deviation. It consists of FDRs and IMS. It is well known that FNET can detect the dynamic behavior of system and obtain the real-time frequency information. Therefore, FDRs must adopt a optimal frequency estimation method that is robust to noise and fault. In this paper, we present comparative studies for the frequency estimation method using IRDWT(improved recursive discrete wavelet transform), for the frequency estimation method using FRDWT(fast recursive discrete wavelet transform). we used the Republic of Korea 345kV power system modeling data by EMTP-RV. The user-defined arbitrary waveforms were used in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed two kinds of RDWT. Also, the frequency variation data in various range, both large range and small range, were used for simulation. The simulation results showed that the proposed frequency estimation technique using FRDWT can be the optimal frequency measurement method applied to FDRs.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.101-122
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• 1974

The study area is located in between Susanri and Hwanggangri where the formations of Okcheon group and Chosun group supposedly come in contact so that the area is structurally very import. Present study reveals that the meta-volcanic rocks distribute from south to north along contact zone of Okcheon and Chosun groups in the center of the area. Meta-volcanic rocks seem to be originated from the andesite or andesitic basalt rocks which was known to be Surchangri formation consist of phyllite and black slate by previous workers. The meta-volcanic rocks intruded along the fault zone one existed between Okcheon and Chosun groups but obliterated at present by the intrusion of volcanic rocks. The fault seems to be overthrust, and one of the positive evidences of thrust fault is the Yamisan nappe structure in Yamisan near Susanri. This interpretation coincides with O.J. Kim's work which states that the Precambrian Okcheon group is largely overturned and thrusted over the Chosun group. The relation between the Surchangri and the Majeonri formation marks facies change. This fact together with northpluging anticlinal structure made it possible that both formation came into contact along direction without fault. Yongam formation is not overlain unconformably used to be believed by previous workers, but interbed in the Great Limestone series of Chosun goup. It is also clarified that the rock formerly designated as limesilicate rock was meta-liparite. The origin of amphibole pebbles in the Kunjasan formation is of primary and secondary ones; the secondary pebbles were formed by metamorphism of the fragments of limestone or dolomite.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.202-213
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• 2007

2007년 1월 20일 평창군 진부면 오대산 일대에서 발생한 오대산 지진$(M_L=4.8)$은 천발지진(진원깊이 약 10 km)으로서 감진구역이 남한 남서부 일부를 제외한 전역에 이르렀다. 본진에 의한 최대 진도는 VI으로 VI에 해당하는 지역은 평창군 진부면, 도암면, 강릉, 주문진, 평창을 포함하는 지역으로서 강한 지진동과 함께 건물 실내외부 벽의 균열발생, 지붕의 기와나 스레트의 낙하 및 이동, 실내외 벽 타일의 떨어짐, 선반위 물체의 떨어짐, 도로의 낙석 등이 발생하였다. P파 초동극성과 SH/P 진폭비 자료를 이용한 단층면해는 본진의 경우 북북동-남남서 주향의 주향이동 단층운동을 나타내며, 2회의 여진은 남북 내지 북북동-남남서 주향의 역단층 운동이 우세함을 보인다. 전진, 본진 및 여진의 분포, 피해 지역 분포, 단층면해 등을 종합적으로 고려할 때 진앙지 부근에 우세하게 발달하고 있는 북북동-남남서 주향의 월정사단층이 기진 단층의 역할을 했을 것으로 추정된다. 여진 분포로 짐작컨대 subsurface에서의 이 단층의 파쇄 길이는 약 2 km로 판단되며, 추후 이 단층에 대한 고지진학적 조사가 필요하다.