• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.617-627
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• 1999

The present study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of four kinds of legumes(black soybean: BS, yellow soybean: YS, green peas: GP, soybean curd residue: SCR) as a high-fiber supplement in the therapeutic diet for diabetic patients. Seven groups of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were fed isocaloric experimental diets containing 8% dietary fiber from one of legumes for 6 weeks. The effects of legumes on the gastrointestinal function and diabetic symptoms in diabetic rats were also examined and compared with the effects of cellulose or pectin diet. Legume supplementations had no significant effects on alleviating typical diabetic symptoms such as polydipsia, polyphasia, polyuria, and urinary glucose excretion when compared with cellulose or pectin supplementations. The supplementations of legumes all resulted in remarkable changes in gastrointestinal functions: shortening of GI transit time and increases in fecal volume, fecal water and crude fat contents. Legume supplementations appeared to supress the damages of the small intestine villi and the enteritis symptoms in diabetic rats. GP led to regular villus patterns closer to normal villus. BS, YS and GP led to the enlargement of cecum in diabetic rats. In conclusion, the present studies have demonstrated that legumes may possess a significant physiological actions in the control of various diabetic conditions.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2003년도 학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.94-94
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• 2003

Endocrine disrupters (EDs) are exogenous chemicals that interfere with the production, releasing, metabolism, excretion, binding of natural hormones, and whole endocrine systems. EDs are very dangerous since they are extremely stable, not easily degraded, and accumulated in fat and tissue. 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is known as the most toxic EDs. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of TCDD on proliferation of human breast cancer (MCF-7) and endometrial adenocarcinoma (Hec-1B) cells. 10, 100, and 1000 nM of TCDD were treated with steroid free condition. Viable cell counting, MTT, and BrdU assay was performed to investigate cell proliferation. Apoptosis was investigated using DNA laddering. Although, DNA fragmentation as the evidence of apoptosis was not detected, all of these cell lines showed restricted proliferation at 48 hrs after 100 and 1000 nM TCDD treatments. Recently, it has been reported that the expression of transforming growth factor $\beta$s (TGF-$\beta$s) are increased in TCDD treatment and also involved in regulation of cell cycle. Therefore, these results were considered that the decreased cell prolifcration by TCDD is related to the expression of TGF-$\beta$s.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.134-138
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• 1980

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of the level of calcium intake on it's apparent absorption rate in college women. Six college girls aged 19 to 20 were fed general dormitary meals containing approximately500mg of calcium for one week and thereafter, the experimental diets containing about 800mg of calcium were given for one week. Average values for calcium intake, fecal excretion of calcium, and apparent absorption rateof calcium in both periods were determined and these values for two periods were compared by using t-test. 1) Average intakes of calcium, protein, and fat of the subjects during the period of experimental diet were significantly higher than those of general diet period. 2) Higher consumption of three food groups; meat, poultry, and fishes, fruits and vegetables, and fats and oils were noted during experimental period. However, there was no significant difference in the consumption of cereals and milk groups during these two periods. 3) The apparent absorption rate of calcium during the experimental period was higher (64%) than the one for general diet period (56%). It was noteworthy that average calcium intakes was higher during the experimental diet period (785mg) than 536mg for general diet period while the fecal excretions of calcium in both periods were not significantly different.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.958-962
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• 1996

해조류인 참도박으로 부터 고지혈증 개선효과를 관찰하기 위하여 고지혈증을 유발시킨 흰쥐에 메탄올 추출물을 투여하고 혈액 및 간조직에서의 지방 함량을 측정하였다. 그 결과 참도박의 메탄올 추출물의 투여는 지방조직의 무게는 정상군에는 미치지 않으나 대조군에 비해 다소 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 고지방식이로 인위적으로 고지혈증을 유발시켰을때 정상군보다 total cholesterol, LDL-cholestero의 함량이 증가되던 것이 추출물의 투여로 total cholesterol의 함량이 현저히 감소되었으나 LDL-cholesterolt의 함량은 별다른 영향이 없었다. 또한 이들의 고지방식이군 보다 total lipid, triglyceride의 함량도 감소시켰다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.330-336
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• 2008

We investigated the effect of a green seaweed Capsosiphon fulvescens extract (CFE) on the serum, liver tissue, and fecal cholesterol levels in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (four weeks old) were given on of three diets for four weeks: basal, high cholesterol, and CFE, The total serum and liver tissue cholesterol levels in the CFE group were significantly decreased compared to those in the cholesterol group. The CFE group showed increased amounts of feces, total fecal bile acid and dietary fiber as compared to basal and cholesterol group. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed fat droplets in the livers of the rats in the cholesterol group; however, a decreased number of droplets was observed in the rats fed the CFE diet. Our results suggest that CFE supplementation may improve lipid metabolism, by controling serum and liver tissue cholesterol levels, and by increasing the total amounts of bile acid, dietary fiber and cholesterol excretion in feces.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.967-972
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• 2004

Four Holstein$\times$Indigenous cows with ruminal canulas were used in a 4$\times$4 Latin square design with 28 d periods to determine the effect of replacing nonforage fiber source (NFFS) from cassava residues for non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) on ruminal fermentation characteristics and milk production. Dietary treatments contained 17% forage neutral detergent fiber (FNDF) from corn silage and 0, 3, 6 and 9% nonforage NDF from cassava residues and 11% nonforage NDF from other NFFS, so that levels of nonforage NDF were 11, 14, 17 and 20% dry matter (DM). Intakes of DM and net energy for lactation, average daily gain and milk fat percentage were not different (p>0.05). Ruminal pH, ammonia concentrations, acetate to propionate ratios, 24 h in sacco fiber digestibility significantly increased with increasing contents of nonforage NDF from cassava residues. Concentrations of VFA, urinary excretion of purine derivatives, milk protein percentage, production of milk and 4% FCM significantly decreased. These results suggest that NFC in diets is one of the limiting factors affecting productivity of dairy cows in the tropics and thus NFFS is better used as partial replacements for FNDF.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.507-513
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• 1997

This study was carried out to examine whether kimchi has hypolipidemic effect and to know how it exert lipid-lowering effect in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with kimchi-fee diet, or 3%, or 5%, or 10% kimchi diets for 6 weeks. Plasma cholesterol level was lowered in rats fed all concentrations of kimchi diets, and plasma triglyceride(TG) level was lowered in 10% kimchi diet group compared with that of control significantly(p<0.05). Th intake of kimchi lowered VLDL-cholesterol and VLDL-TG levels, whereas increased HDL-cholesterol level significantly(p<0.05). LDL-cholesterol level was lowered only in 5% kimchi diet group and LDL-TG level was lowered in all kimchi diet groups compared with those of control significantly (p<0.05). the intake of 5% and 10% kimchi diets also lowered the levels of hepatic cholesterol, TG, total lipid, and apolipoprotein B, whereas increased the levels of fecal total fat, cholesterol, TG, and apolipoprotein A-1 significantly(p<0.05). Triiodothyronine(T$_3$) level was elevated in rats fed kimchi diet, whereas thyroxine(T$_4$) level was not affected by kimchi treatment. These observations support that the intake of kimchin in rats loweres plasma and hepatic lipid levels by increasing the excretion of TG and cholesterol through feces, by the elevation of T$_3$ level, and by the altered lipoprotein metabolism.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.131-143
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to compare health status and diery health practice of middle-aged rural adults with or without hypertension. Eighty three subjects (mean age : 55.6$\pm$11.9), were composed of 22 males and 61 females. Data collection includes serum and urine collections for health status and the questionnaire including dietary habit of salt, sugar, dietary fiber and fat intake for dietary health practice The results were as follows : The subjects were composed 23 persons of under 55 year-old group and 19 persons of over 65 year-old group. Of the 83 subjects, 28.9% were recognized hypertension and 33.7% were measured hypertension by systolic blood pressure. In the aspects of dietary health practice, hypertension group showed that smoking and weight control practice and were significantly low score, alcohol and dietary fiber intake were high score. Hypertension group showed higher frequency in diabetes mellitus and lower in gastrointestinal complain and liver disease. than normal blood pressure group. Serum, TG, bilirubin, BUN and cholesterol, were significantly higher in hypertension than normal blood pressure group. The mean values of serum albumin and urinary creatinine excretion in hypertension group werw significantly lower. The consciousness of health status was lower in hypertension group and also attributed to worse personal feeling health by modified CMI test.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.997-1012
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of whole grape, grape pomace and grape juice intake on cadmium (Cd) metabolism during aging in thirteen-month-old Sprague-Dawley male rats. One hundred and twenty rats weighing 548.8 $\pm$ 4.3 g were assigned to eight groups according to body weight and were raised for 3, 5 or 7 months on diets containing 2 ％ (w/w) dried powders of three different parts of the grape (Campbell Early) and 0.02 ％ (w/w) CdC12. Food intake tended to decrease with aging, and body weight and epididymal fat pad (EFP) weights of Cd-exposed groups were lower than those of Cd-free groups. Cadmium accumulated in the blood and tissues and Cd concentration was the lowest in the pomace group among Cd-exposed animals. Metallothionein (MT) concentration in the tissues increased through Cd administration. Grape diets, especially grape pomace diets, were effective in decreasing Cd absorption in the tissues by increasing Cd excretion through feces. The intake of grape pomace alleviated the decrease in bone density caused by Cd administration and prevented a decrease in glomerular filtration rates (GFR) with aging. Among the parts of grape, grape pomace, which had highest content of dietary fiber and flavonoids, was the most effective. The results of this study suggest the possibility of using grape pomace as a functional food material, a prospect that previously has been discarded.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.1537-1543
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 포도씨열수추출물을 이용하여 고지방식이로 비만을 유도한 마우스의 지질대사 및 적혈구의 항산화방어계에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 4주령의 C57BL/6 마우스(n=24)를 1주일간 적응시킨 후 정상식이를 급여한 정상군, 고지방(열량의 37%를 지방으로 대체)을 급여한 고지방대조군과 고지방-포도씨열수추출물군으로 나누어 6주간 사육하였다. 포도씨열수추출물은 1%수준으로 식이에 첨가하였으며 동일한 열량, 질소량 및 섬유소가 함유되도록 조제하여 급여하였다. 고지방식이는 정상식이에 비하여 체중, 일일 열량섭취량, 백색지방 무게, 혈장과 간조직의 지질함량 및 혈장 leptin 함량을 유의적으로 증가시켰다. 본 실험에서 첨가된 식이 1%의 포도씨열수추출물 보충은 고지방을 급여한 마우스의 체중과 장기무게에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 혈장의 중성지질과 간조직의 콜레스테롤 함량을 현저히 저하하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 혈장 중의 중성지질은 포도씨열수추출군에서 정상수준으로 개선되었으며, 포도씨열수추출물은 변으로 중성지질 배설을 고지방대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 높였다. 간조직의 지질대사 효소인 FAS, ${\beta}$-oxidation, CPT 활성은 고지방대조군에서 정상군에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았으나 포도씨열수추출물군의 CPT 활성은 고지방대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 높았고, ${\beta}$-oxidation 활성도 증가경향을 보였다. 또한 적혈구의 SOD와 GSH-Px 활성이 포도씨열수추출물 급여시 활성화될 뿐만 아니라 고지방식이로 유도한 비만마우스의 적혈구내 지질과산화물 함량이 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 이와 같이 포도씨열수추출물은 고지방 섭취시 혈 중 지질개선 및 항산화제로서의 가능성을 제시하였다.