• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.83-98
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to find out the orientations and characteristic in clothes buying of each age group of elderly women, based on the actual self-image and the ideal self-image of clothing. Grasping the diversity of their clothes' buying orientations will be helpful in making a better merchandise production planning for apparel, and in launching new brands into the market. The study will also provide useful data in developing sales strategies which enable to supply goods that meet consumers' needs and tastes in the quality market, and consequently will help to classify the market. Samples were 488 women of 55 and over, dwelling in Pusan Metropolitan City. The data was analysed by using MANOVA, ANOVA, and the Cronbach's $\alpha$ reliability was also applied. The conclusions based on the theoretical background and the result of questionnaire surveys were as follows: 1. The order of priority of buying orientations based on clothes's actual self-image was 'practicality', 'cautiousness' and 'economical effectiveness' without regard to age. The items that showed the significant differences in 50's were 'cautiousness', 'experimentation', 'fashion-consciousness' and ostentatiouness, and in 70's were 'economical effectiveness', 'experimentation', 'impulsiveness' and 'environmental friendliness', and none in 60's. 2. The order of priority based on clothes' ideal self-image was the same as that of actual one, and there was no significant difference between age groups.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.127-136
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• 2008

The main focus of the study resides in antecedents of price acceptability. Levels of acceptable price may be related to the consumers' perception on reasonable or expected price. Price acceptability is known to have several psychological antecedents. One of the antecedents to price acceptability reported by prior researches is price-quality inference, a tendency to correlate high price to excellence in quality. In addition, price-conscious consumers are likely to show lower level of price acceptability level. Another well-known antecedent is sale proneness. Sales-prone consumers may relate price of apparel products to product quality information. Moreover, it was reported that involved consumers should be more concerned with the products to its price and thus should have higher levels of price acceptability. A conceptual model with price consciousness, sale proneness and product involvement as the exogenous variable, price-quality inference and price acceptability as the endogenous variable was developed for the empirical study. Measures of research variables were developed based on previous studies. Questionuaires from 298 respondents were analyzed for the study. The average age of respondents was 27. About 60% of the respondents were married and about 65% of them had college degrees. Empirical results supported all of the hypothesized relationships. Price consciousness had significant negative influence on price-quality inference and price acceptability. Sale proneness significantly influenced price-quality inference, while apparel involvement had significant impact on price-quality inference and price acceptability. Price-quality affected price acceptability significantly. This study generated a framework to help scholars understand antecedents of price acceptability of apparel products. Price has been shown to playa dual role in consumer's perceptions, either positively or negatively. Price consciousness played a negative role, and product involvement had a positive role in evoking higher level of price acceptability. This study also suggests additional source of positive, yet indirect role of price, sale proneness. This study also affirmed the importance of price-quality inference in arousing higher level of price acceptability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.36-50
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• 2011

The traditional masculinity has been gradually diversified towards the 21th century due to a new social environment. Men embrace his feminine side with heightened aesthetic sense using cosmetic products for better skin, hair, and nails. This diversification of male image and his beauty style proves the addition of feminity to masculinity. C. G. Jung felt that we are all really bisexual in nature. The anima is the female aspect present in the collective unconscious of men and it is the archetype through which we communicate with the collective unconscious generally, and it is important to get into touch with it for self-realization. This study analyzes subconscious desire based on the anima archetype in the collective unconscious of men through the diversity of the gender identity shown in men's cosmetic advertisements, and therefore it aim to help developing a marketing strategy of male beauty industry in the future. For this purpose, it conducted an empirical analysis of male beauty style in cosmetic advertisements through the Jungian anima theory. The conclusion of this study is as follows: First, gender identity represented in cosmetic advertisements was typified as Retrosexual, Ubersexual, Metrosexual, Cross sexual. Second, the anima archetype stimulates feminity in male beauty style. Cross sexual type has the highest feminine tendency. Third, range of utilization of cosmetic products is articulated with the diverse gender identity. Cross sexual type is most similar to the female beauty style. This feminization of male beauty style is the external expression of collective unconscious and affords human being to reach self-realization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2009

This study is to understand the characteristics of Korean Women's Jeogories in modern times on the changes of its color and coloration over the time. The research was that the characteristics of the costumes produced in modern times ($1890{\sim}2000$) can be categorized into six periods according to the change of times. 1106 women's Jeogories were researched intensively in order to understand them, the conclusions are following: When the Chi-Square Test is applied to conduct cross analγsis of the said six periods divided on the basis of relevant theories, it is found that there is just partial difference in the hues in1890-1959 while there has been a big change in the hues of all Jeogories since 1960. It also seems that such a sudden change In hues took place till the end of the 1970s but there have been no significant difference and no distinct changes in hues sin[e the 1980s. As for color tones, high luminosity and low chroma hues were mainly used in all periods, but low luminosity and high chroma hues have been frequently used since the 1960s. It indicates that the long-used conventional and traditional colors gave way to various colors which were freely applied according to the tendency of individualism In the selection of colors as well. As for the coloration, one-color arrangement was predominant in white clothes while the combination of main color Y and supplementary rotor R was overwhelming in two-color arrangement. After the 1960s, not just the five major rotors but diverse colors, including bluish green, dark blue, were used, even varied patterns for linings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.2073-2084
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• 2010

This study provides references that can be applied to future suit design by analyzing the formative characteristics of modern men's and women's suits. Research on related literature and case studies were carried out simultaneously. A criterion for analyzing formative characteristics of suits was drawn up through an examination of past research. A total of 1,410 suit photographs that appeared in the U.S. edition of Vogue Magazine from 1985 to 2008 were analyzed in order to observe the formative characteristics of men's and women's suits. Research results showed that in the 1980s suits pursued a more comfortable and natural fit based on the original properties of simplicity, modernity, and practicality; in addition, women's suits had a tendency to use excessive shoulder pads due to the power-look influence. In the early 1990s exaggerated shoulders and boxy straight silhouettes were in fashion but towards the later years suit designs gradually started to fit the body and established a skinny versus slouch conflict. Women's suits gradually began to show more curvy body lines, and men's suits became more feminine on the surface in terms of color and material. In the 2000s suits have become more feminine and sensual than the 1990s, design focuses of both men's and women's suits moved to the waistline. Skinny and long styles became the ideal silhouette and differences between formative characteristics of the two genders decreased. Fashion elements of men's and women's suits are seen to have changed with a mutual intimate connection under the influence of a similar societal environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.6
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• pp.127-139
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• 2013

This research is designed to provide basic data to study the life and culture of multicultural families in Korea by taking a look at the clothing behaviors and attitudes toward traditional dresses. To this end, quantitative research was conducted on Korea-Vietnam multicultural families and Korean families. The surveys of the Korean families were completed by 250 married women in Seoul, and those of Korea-Vietnam multicultural families by 104 married Vietnamese women living in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do and Incheon. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis, factor analysis, t-test, crosstabs and ${\chi}^2$-test. The findings are as follows: First, the comparison of clothing behaviors of the Korean families and the Korea-Vietnam multicultural families found that they had statistically significant differences in values towards clothes, clothes shopping orientation and clothes purchasing behaviors. The Korean women were more involved in clothes and fashion-oriented than their Vietnamese counterparts. However, the Vietnamese women in their 20s were likely to rely more on social trends than their own needs when purchasing clothes compared to their Korean counterparts. Korean families preferred to shop in department stores, while the multicultural families relied more on discount stores and outlets. Second, the comparison of the Korean families and the Korea-Vietnam families in attitudes toward their own traditional dresses and how often to wear them showed statistically meaningful differences. The Korean group had more negative attitudes toward Hanbok, the Korean traditional dresses than the Vietnamese group. The Vietnamese women showed more interest in information on Hanbok than their Korean counterparts. They also were wearing the Korean traditional dresses more often than the Korean families. In addition, the Vietnamese women showed a stronger tendency than the Korean women that they took pride in their country's traditional dresses and believed that they were beautiful.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.2 no.3 s.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to review the origin and background of well-being, the emerging well-being culture, and the phenomenon and features of the hair beauty affected by it. For this purpose, the researcher reviewed dissertations written between 199a and 2002, copies of the beauty journal Short Hair published between 2002 and 2003, beauty newspapers published between March, 2003 and June, 2004, and relevant Internet sites. When we review the well-being hair style tendency, we may be reminded of a light shaggy cut style with a thick wave volume or a natural wave highlighted, or a natural style with a natural color rendered by the braid technique. The well-being hair styles may be inspired by such natural images as the earth, sand, rock, wind, feather and flowers, while using cut, permanent wave or coloring technique for the hairs, in order to create new hair styles. The goal is to make men in contact with the nature. Meanwhile, as people are more concerned about diverse hair textures, natural and healthy hairs, they want their hairs to look comfortable and active rather than luxurious. The well-being cut styles may be categorized into cut style highlighting healthy hairs with a Bobos luxury and soft and light stroke cut reminiscent of a Bohemian freedom. The well-being permanent style may be divided into thick wave, natural wave, and the permanent style using a strong wave to make hairs look bloated. The hair colors reminding us of some natural images are used to highlight a well-being image. In addition, the concept of well-being pursuing a happy and healthy life has been being introduced into the permanent wave material liquids; such liquids made from natural materials, fruits or herbs increase, while environmental-friendly liquids or materials are used more for healthy hairs. The reason why the well-being culture influences hair styles importantly may be that people's desire of healthy body and mind and a comfortable life is reflected in hair styles. In conclusion, as the hair styles or an index for a new cultural current in our modern age are influenced by the well-being phenomenon, more and more people will put priority on healthy hairs. So, it is deemed necessary to apply the well-being hair styles appropriately to render satisfactory hair styles.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.43-52
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of interior coordination in accordance with lifestyles to provide better interior conditions for house dwellers who have many different preferences and needs. For this purpose, this research examined the lifestyles of house dwellers, and their experiences on interior coordination, needs and preferences of dweller groups according to their lifestyles. As the methods of the study, both literature research and empirical survey were conducted. The findings of the study can be summarized as follows; The factor analysis shows that there are five main factors significantly affecting the lifestyles of apartment residents, and the lifestyles of residents were largely classified into four groups. G1 group is characterized by 'demand for luxuriousness' and 'pursuit for beauty', and G2 group has tendency of 'information orientation' and 'pursuit for self-expression', G3 group shows strong tendency for 'pursuit for practicality' and G4 group is characterized by 'pursuit for self-expression' and 'pursuit for beauty'. The four groups showed distinct characteristics in their experiences, needs and preferences of interior coordination. G1 group can be names as 'the style of well-being and luxuriousness', and they are very positive in the interior climate change and prefer artistic items and luxurious atmosphere. G2 group, which can be named as 'the style of expression', tend to have their house interior-coordinated in order to follow fashion trends or express their personality. G3 group is named as 'the style of practicality' and they consider convenience, practicality, and functionality. The last group, G4 can be named as 'the style of personality', and they have much interest in expressing their personality or following trendy fashions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.1924-1934
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• 2009

Mixture phenomena are present in the overall culture due to internationalization in a modern society. A unique feel is required in materials due to the increasing demand for knit wear and there is a need for a strategic plan to achieve this. This study analyzed the appearance frequency and expressive characteristics of mixture phenomena based on selected data from collections related to the mixture phenomena trends in modern women's fashion from 2000 to 2008. Among the mixture phenomena, the mixture of the high and low class cultures had the highest frequency of occurrence and was expressed most often since the expansion of design areas was due to vague high and low concepts. The mixture of sexes showed the sharing of knit wear trends between the sexes with the pursuit of functionality. The mixture of styles showed a tendency to increase since the traditional form was transformed into a mixture of typical styles. The mixture of spaces showed a mixture of old and traditional knit wear patterns from Northern Europe and modern elements. The mixture of other materials showed the partial preceding mixture and the decorative materials that existed beyond it. The mixture of functions refers to the used characteristics of the two items. Imagination will grow and increase the possibility of expressions with the mixture of the other areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.38
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• pp.159-178
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• 1998

Genres of the modern arts are expanding the overlapping area between the arts ; ceramics and weaving considered as crafts are devel-oped to the ceramic art and the fiber art, re-spectively. This trend has been also applied to the clothing part, which produced several new terms such as‘art to wear’,‘unwearable art’,‘clothing sculpture’and so on. As following this tendency, the unwearable art is dwelling on the boundary of painting, fiber art and scul-pture, and the clothing sculpture comes from the combination of fiber art and sculpture. While Issey Miyake's dress made of bamboo and Foltuny's pleats dress associated with Greek stone-column introduce the sculpture to the functional fashion design, the works of clothing sculpture become the arts by applying the sculpture to the non-functional unwearable art. Although the clothing sculpture is an interesting subject to be studied continuously for its effect on the contemporary clothing part, it is valuable enough as an unwearable art and sculpture respresenting the artist's concept under the circumstance that the boundary between arts and design is no longer clear, i.e., the clothing and the sculpture come across their regions each other. Furthermore, the clothing sculpture has its own value as a metapor exposing idea, feeling and spirit of the artist in the genre of the unwearable art. With a view point of the abstract clothing concept, the clothing sculpture has been taking the role expanding the clothing to the world of fine art.