• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.154-168
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• 2012

This study examined size combination suitability of the underwear sets in home shopping and discussed the degree of consumer satisfaction as well as purchase criteria and evaluation after purchase of women's underwear. The survey was conducted from 1st to 15th September 2010 on a total of 300 women aged between 20 to 50, living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do region who had bought women's underwear through home shopping. The completed data, 245 out of 300, was used for the final analysis. The analysis conducted in the study with SPSS statistics package includes frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, chi-square analysis, $t$-test, ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range test. Evaluation items on purchase criteria and evaluation after purchase were processed with factor analysis. The results of the present study showed that product differentiation strategies are required based on age in order to improve consumer satisfaction and repurchase intention in home shopping underwear. Moreover, most of underwear products sold in sets in home shopping are provided based on the brassiere size. As a result, women who do not fit into the home shopping underwear size combination may be less satisfied. When consumers choose their own brassier and briefs size or combinations of various brassier and briefs sizes, it would increase consumer satisfaction.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-83
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• 2011

This study aims to prove the changes, development and social background of Korean male cosmetics over the period of 2000-2010. There were total 574 articles written about male make-up and cosmetics in Chosun Daily, Joongang Daily and Donga Daily, which are the top three Korean local daily newspapers in terms of sales revenue for that period. These articles were analyzed together with social background research from various books and daily newspapers. The analysis of articles was divided into different categories; such as foundation cosmetics, color cosmetics, hair, and the social background. It was found that the articles related to foundation cosmetics were written the most, the articles related to male appearance management were second, articles on other items including how to manage the skin being the least. As for the social background of Korean male cosmetics, first of all, a change in social recognition can be pointed out. The traditional understanding of gender roles has changed, men's appearance management has started to be regarded as a competitive talent, and at the same time, the esthetic viewpoint for men also has changed. One example is the newly made popular term, "flower-handsome man", which shows the new trend of favoring males with nice skin. Second, the expansion of mass culture can be pointed out. As consumers can get information and fashion trends easier and faster, the fashion spreads fast, and this has led to the generalization and popularization of the sense of beauty. Third, the development of scientific technology and medical science can be pointed out. Thanks to the progress in those areas. the extension of youthfulness has become possible and the cosmetics industry was also affected greatly, as shown in the market spread of functional products for anti-ageing and wrinkle control as the interest in anti-ageing has grown. There are benefits from the development of scientific technology, but the problem of environmental pollution has appeared due to machinery and industrialization and thus the issue of well-being has been raised. Rising interest in naturalism, pro-environmentalism and organic cosmetics has influenced the cosmetics industry. In addition, the quantity of ultraviolet rays exposed to our skin has increased due to the air pollution caused by the destruction of environment, leading to increased usage of sun block lotion. Lastly, the influence of consumer society and the expansion of consumerism culture can be pointed out. In the modern society, consumption acts not only as the use of products and services but it also has an important role of mediating individuals with others and the society. The market for male cosmetics has been expanding and the number of men putting on make-up has been increasing rapidly. Therefore, this study is meaningful in that the analysis of the mode of change and the social background are an essential process in order to provide a direction for the future market for male cosmetics.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.813-827
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• 2006

In this investigation, the following study was carried out for an experimental proposal of the knit item lists which were not actualized due to lack of studies. First of all, we have put the knit item titles that have been used through the document investigation, into the lists in order to clarify the original item list. Furthermore, we have pointed out the problems and the areas to be developed in the original item lists, and proposed twenty new knit item lists. By defining the design traits of each item, we have established item list which could be classified more systematically. As a result, the knit item titles of twenty newly proposed item titles are knit pull over, knit pull over top, knit top, knit t shirt, knit shirt, knit polo shirt, knit blouse, knit vest, knit hood, knit jumper, knit jacket, knit coat, knit cardigan, knit ensemble, knit cape, knit shawl, knit bikini, knit one-piece, knit pants, and knit skirt. Secondly, in order to investigate the possibility of practical use of twenty knit item lists proposed by this study, we have applied anova with repeated measurement for foreign fashion collection knit item trends of the past 10 years based on the proposed item lists. As a result, four items classified as top, shirt, cardigan, and pants had similar changes in the trend for last 10 years in S/S season while eleven items classified as pull over, pull over top, blouse, vest, jacket, coat, cardigan, ensemble, cape, shawl, and one-piece had similar trend changes for F/W season. The first significance of this study is on the experimental proposal of knit item list which could be used in the actual clothing industry and academic field. Furthermore, by defining the design traits of each knit item, it sublated the confusions brought by vocabularies in design of knit products and distribution in the industry perspective, and it made it possible to categorize the knit items correctly in knit design analysis and knit design education in academic field. The second significance shows that this study brought about positive results in the possibility of industrial academic practical use of proposed list by indicating that most of the knit designs appeared in the foreign collections in the past ten years could be correctly classified through investigational analysis.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.3 s.68
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• pp.394-404
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• 2007

The purpose of the study was to analyze the difference in knitwear purchasing behaviors of female college students in the U.S., Korea, and China. It was developed questionnaire that included knitwear purchasing behavior that is fashion information sources, evaluation criteria of knitwear products, store attributes of knitwear, knitwear buying places, and purchasing experience of foreign-made knitwear. The final sample used in this study consisted of 119 female college students in U.S., 150 female college students in Korea, and 217 female college students in China. Aged from 18 to 33. ANOVA, factor analysis, Duncan's multiple range test, frequency, and percentage as analysis methods were used. The results of the study were as follows. The preference of knitwear among the respondents was shown highly. This result is due to a world-wide trend of casual clothing, and is to prove, that knitwear is that made with flexibility, drape, and stretch, is the item that is able to satisfy consumer's desires. Knitwear preference of knitwear the U.S. respondents was shown highly, and buying intention of them was also high, not only for sweaters and t-shirts but for pants, skirts, jackets, coats, and dresses as well. Knitwear information the U.S. respondents considered important, was not only purchasing experience but also shop display and magazine advertisements. By evaluating criteria of knitwear, the U.S. respondents considered good fit, design, color, and comfort important, and they didn't consider the country of origin important. By store attributes of knitwear, the U.S. respondents specially considered the display, variety, price level, and sale frequency of merchandise. The respondents of China was shown higher than them of Korea in the intention of all items. Knitwear information the China respondents considered important, was not only purchasing experience but also shop advertisements of Newspaper and magazine and fashion articles in Newspaper and magazine. By evaluating criteria of knitwear, the China respondents considered good fit, design, color, and comfort important, and they considered fiber content and the country of origin higher than the respondents of U.S. By Store attributes of knitwear, the China respondents specially considered product knowledge and friendliness of sales personnel, Layaway payment plan, Brand names, New Fashion, and Dressing Facilities higher than the respondents of U.S. or Korea.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2004

In an information-oriented and internalized society of the future, the quality and price of goods made by each country will be equalized. That eliminates competition. But the design and appearance of products is an important factor in international competition. Indeed, design symbolizes a country's culture visually, and it can show the cultural identity and originality of a nation in international society. And that will play an important part that can contribute to creating added value. It is necessary to revive our people's old lyrical stories which are far away from our memory, and we badly need design development to revive traditional cultural merchandise through visual modernization. Among various Korean cultural inheritances, lotus is often seen in tiles, porcelains and folk stories. In this study, I chose lotus as the subject material of textile design development, and my intention for this study is to reflect Korean traditional cultural value as much as I can, and to develop textile design of Korean images by adding modern scenes. For that, first I researched lotus pattern materials and examples of cultural merchandise.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.88-96
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• 2018

The income level of people in South Korea has risen as the gross national income per capita reached the milestone of 30,000 dollars. More and more consumers try to change their houses according to their tastes just like they express themselves through clothes, bags, and other fashion items, thus pursuing value-based consumption. The changes to the housing culture including the greater percentage of one- or two-person households and the growing trend of lease and monthly rent have made consumers increase their demands for products to express their lifestyles. As a result, global lifestyle shops with characteristic and diverse concepts entered the South Korean market and were joined by South Korean fashion brands, large-sized stores, department stores, and fancy stationery manufacturers, which launched their own brands, in the expansion of lifestyle shops across the nation. Lifestyle shops have a couple of unique attributes including the relatively clear selection of target consumers and a clear set of VMD strategies accordingly. Based on a judgment that there was cost differentiation among brands, the investigator categorized the comparison and analysis criteria into high, middle, and low prices to apply case analysis. This study set out to analyze VMD strategies for spatial composition through cost differentiation among lifestyle shops, take the results into total consideration, and propose an effective and competitive VMD strategy for lifestyle shops through spatial composition elements.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.665-671
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• 2006

This study is to develop tourist souvenir which designed image of butterfly, the symbol of Hampyeong Butterfly Festival, using natural dyeing product, the specialty of Namdo region. Results of market survey of tourist souvenirs for Hampyeong Butterfly festival showed that souvenirs of butterfly design sold in market which were not discriminated from that of general products and locality or characteristic of the region could not be exhibited. According to the results of market survey, design of souvenirs of Hampyeong Butterfly Festival is as follows; Butterfly pattern of hinge and Dangcho pattern are developed to graphic motive of modern sense with traditional beauty to make design which can be consumed by modern consumers in their actual life and then proper pattern is planned by combining, repeating and disassembling them. Such a pattern is applied to souvenirs like T-shirts, necktie and scarf to make tourists feel identity and unification of the festival visually. In addition, design of souvenirs was made to be coordinated with casuals. Therefore, visual factor could be extracted from Korean cultural heritages suitable to concept of local festivals and it is considered that ways of commercialization and development of traditional pattern suitable to consumers' demands can be suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.282-299
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• 2024

This study aimed to examine the impact of virtual influencers' characteristics on purchase intentions through attitudes toward the influencer and the brand, and to identify which factors are important depending on involvement. We used a scenario-based online survey of 320 female consumers in their twenties and thirties, and analyzed their responses through structural equation modeling using AMOS 21.0. Virtual influencers' attractiveness, reliability, familiarity, and virtuality had significant effects on consumers' attitudes toward those influencers, while their attractiveness, familiarity, and virtuality had significant effects on consumers' brand attitudes. Notably, in contrast to the other variables, virtuality had a negative effect. In addition, consumers' attitudes toward the virtual influencer significantly affected their brand attitudes and purchase intentions. We also analyzed which characteristics had significant impacts on high- and low-involvement groups. We found that reliability had the greatest influence on purchase intentions in the high-involvement group and that familiarity had the greatest influence on purchase intentions in the low-involvement group, which confirmed that the variables affecting purchase intentions differ depending on the level of involvement.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the present condition of the Korean footwear industry, and its competitiveness through related precedent research. Research was done by analyzing data from the Korean Statistical Information Service, the Korea International Trade Association and advanced research about the footwear industry. Footwear markets all over the world are growing continuously. The main consumers are China, America and India. World footwear trade is showing a growth trend on the basis of cost and amount. The main exporting countries are China, Vietnam and Italy, while main importing countries are America, Germany and France. The domestic market and the export market of footwear in Korea are decreasing. The scale of exporting footwear is gradually decreasing, however the scale of importing footwear is increasing. Korea exports footwear to China, Vietnam and Japan and imports them from China, Vietnam and Indonesia. Studies concening the footwear industry implied that the competitiveness of Korea has been weakened both in the domestic and the export markets. To enhance the competitiveness of Korean footwear corporations, long-term support at the national level is needed. Especially, cultivating competitive experts is crucial to improve the competitiveness of designs and the quality of products. Furthermore, branding strategies using the Korean wave, Korean culture and the national image of Korea, as well as platform strategies to communicate with consumers globally and selling high-quality products are significant.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.137-144
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) factors in the Supply Chain Management (SCM) context focusing on ashion apparel company. Especially, this study reveals whether a long term relationship is beneficial for all businesses regardless of negotiation power leverage. To this end, the mixed research methods that combined qualitative and quantitative approaches were conducted. The findings of this study are as follows: First, the research model which is CRMs for interactive relationship building were developed. Second, cause-and-effect relationships in the proposed model were partially supported depending on CRMs. The most effective CRMs offered are a guarantee of sales and a special discount. Customized products and quality, convenience, competitive pricing, and development of a product/system/service were effective to ultimately increase a switching cost.