• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.405-418
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• 2016

Farmland conservation function of 'The Farmland Act' has been being weakened according as farmland conservation system came to the dualizing condition. Overall land use issues including farmland are determined by 'The National Land Planning Act'. In this process, much farmland has been disappeared unilaterally. Above all, 'The National Land Planning Act' recognized farmland as land for development rather than looking in conservation perspective. Formulating with a 'urban(rural) plan', 'The National Land Planning Act' brings means and development methods in a variety of setting. So 'The Farmland Act', the center of farmland conservation system, lose an effect of its conservation functions. Farmland is a kind of facility made with heavy investment for agricultural purpose definitely. Therefore conversion of recognition that farmland must not be undermined indiscriminately in dimension such as urban planning facilities.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1989

^x As mentioned above, I consider the change of role that is related with Japanese thought of Natural Environmental Conservation, and I divide each part of periods into forest, farmland, open space, urban planning, environmental conservation etc. To summary the content of each period of Natural Environmental Conservation thought is as follows. 1) Previous period before formation(before 1919) In the previous period of Meiji, it could be said that the consciousness of the Natural Environmental Conservation was coming to existence. In this, so called, Natural Environmental Conservation, the thought of Forest Preservation was the main current and it was the thought of territorial integrity for the security of resource, the forestry conservancy and flood control in the forestry farmland. Since the age of Meiji, the theory of Natural Conservation appears from the theory of Japanese landscaping and systematic management about public parks was enforced, but the regular theory of Natural Environmental Conservation did not attain full growth. 2) The period of formation(1919~ 1954) In the period of formation, the base of Natural Environmental Conservation had been established. Parks and Open spaces were admitted as a public facilities in each city, and legislations which supported it had been continuously enacted and so on. In this period, the afforestation counter plan was emphasized on the side of territorial integrity. In the mountainous district. tree planting was emphasized to recover the forest which had been destroied by war. 3) The period of development(1955~ 1974) In the period of development, varied policies was institutionalized for the Natural Environmental Conservation. However, all sorts of development policy had performed simultaneously, thus development had complicated relation with preservation. But after 1970's the framework of system of Natural Environmental Conservation improvement was constituted to control the many kinds of development, and the spontaneous campaign of nature preservation by private lead was being taken root. This is the more progressive period. 4) The pried of root(after 1975) After the latter of 1970's, the role of Natural Environmental Conservation began to take root not in the direction of control but inducement, and, getting out of development - oriented policy, aimed at relation between human being and natural environment and the side of amenity of human environment. Besides, the current of Natural Environmental Conservation had been seperately progressed in the cities and forests. Since this period, it was the character that cities and forests began to be unified as 'amenity'space of man.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2021

In South Korea, there is a growing domestic need for a biotope map which contains ecological and environmental geographic information of a city. After the production of a Urban Ecological Maps(biotope map) by the Seoul metropolitan government in 2000, Natural Environment Conservation Act was revised in 2017 to make it mandatory for a local government to draw up its own urban ecological map. The aim of the present study was to find out ways to utilize an urban ecological map as a mean of communication between natural environment planning and urban planning sectors in a preliminary stage before introducing a big framework of 'environmental and ecological planning.' The northern area of Incheon metropolitan city was selected as the target area for this study. The major research content includes a comparative analysis of special-purpose zones, urban planning zones, restricted development zones, and conservation forests with focus on biotope types and Grades 1 of 'Biotope Type Assessment.' Farmland biotopes and forest biotopes within an area designated as an urban zone (residential, commercial and industrial zones) need to be redesignated as a zone which can conserve them. Especially considering a high possibility of damage to a large scale of natural green areas, these areas need to be readjusted immediately. If the entire area designated as an urban planning zone is to be developed, it is likely to cause serious damage to natural biotopes in the area (56.2%), including farmland biotope (30.4%), forest biotope (15.0%) and grassland biotope (10.8%), and thus, readjustment is needed. In case of a conservation forest, as it can possibly be damaged by the designation of special-purpose zones, it is necessary to match the designation of conservation forests or a special-purpose zones with their biotope types. In conclusion, we present a variety of thematic maps for utilization of an urban ecological map and propose a phase-specific environmental and ecological plan. Phase 1 is the establishment of a urban plan in consideration of ecological status; Phase 2 is the independent establishment of an environmental and ecological plan by an environment department; Phase 3 is an integrated management of ecological planning system and urban planning system.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1666-1689
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• 2021

The red line of Permanent Basic Farmland is the most important part in the "three-line" demarcation of China's national territorial development plan. The scientific and reasonable delineation of the red line is a major strategic measure being taken by China to improve its ability to safeguard the practical interests of farmers and guarantee national food security. The delineation of Permanent Basic Farmland zoning (DPBFZ) is essentially a multi-objective optimization problem. However, the traditional method of demarcation does not take into account the synergistic development goals of conservation of cultivated land utilization, ecological conservation, or urban expansion. Therefore, this research introduces the idea of artificial immune optimization and proposes a multi-objective model of DPBFZ red line delineation based on a clone selection algorithm. This research proposes an objective functional system consisting of these three sub-objectives: optimal quality of cropland, spatially concentrated distribution, and stability of cropland. It also takes into consideration constraints such as the red line of ecological protection, topography, and space for major development projects. The mathematical formal expressions for the objectives and constraints are given in the paper, and a multi-objective optimal decision model with multiple constraints for the DPBFZ problem is constructed based on the clone selection algorithm. An antibody coding scheme was designed according to the spatial pattern of DPBFZ zoning. In addition, the antibody-antigen affinity function, the clone mechanism, and mutation strategy were constructed and improved to solve the DPBFZ problem with a spatial optimization feature. Finally, Tongxu County in Henan province was selected as the study area, and a controlled experiment was set up according to different target preferences. The results show that the model proposed in this paper is operational in the work of delineating DPBFZ. It not only avoids the adverse effects of subjective factors in the delineation process but also provides multiple scenarios DPBFZ layouts for decision makers by adjusting the weighting of the objective function.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

The value of Jeju Batdam has been reexamined as it is listed as a nationally important agricultural heritage and globally important agricultural heritage systems. However, it is already exposed to threats such as reduction of agricultural population and cultivation area. Despite efforts like the agricultural heritage system to preserve traditional agriculture, there is few basic investigation into the current status of Jeju Batdam. The purpose of this study is to estimate the length of Jeju Batdam. We used the continuous cadastral map of Jeju area to extract the boundaries of the field lot. In the cadastral map, the farmland was selected by selecting dry fields, paddy fields and orchards. 300 sample site were selected from the extracted farmland, and the boundaries between the Internet map and the parcels were superimposed and the differences were confirmed on the drawing. After that, field survey was conducted to confirm the boundary of the parcels and the existence of actual Batdam. It is estimated that the length estimated from this study is at least 23,983km and maximum 142,353km, which is at least 1,830km longer than 22,108km announced in 2007. Since Jeju Batdam is based on land parcel boundary, it is an objective and efficient method to utilize intellectual information. In addition, because it is subordinate to farmland, new information can be extracted reflecting the change of land use and make the spatial database based on the cadastral maps.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2013

The purposes of this research are : to analyze biotop type and carry out conservation value assessment in study areas, Daegu Science Park national industrial complex; to supply basic data for the landscape ecological planning; and to improve the application of assessment model with the development of Biotop Value Assessment Tool (B-VAT). The result is as follows. First of all, the field survey showed 434 species of flora and 220 species of insecta. According to the result of biotop type analysis in the biotop classification system with field survey, 13 biotope groups and 63 biotope types were classified. In the map of biotop type classification, readjusted farmland biotop(FA) was prevalent and forest biotop(E) was shown to the southeast side of the site. Next, according to the first assessment with B-VAT, total 19 biotop types including natural river(BA) with abundant plants had I grade and total 16 biotop types such as vegetable garden adjacent to river(BC) had V grade. In terms of the second assessment, we analyzed total 30 areas, total 82 areas, respectively, which had special meaning for the conservation of species and biotop(1a, 1b) and which had meaning for the conservation of species and biotop(2a, 2b, 2c). This research will be a basic data, which can solve the damage problem systematically and control it landscape-friendly with biotop classification and assessment which we developed. In particular, we expect that biotop value assessment tool(B-VAT) with GIS will be a great contribution to popularity compared with the value model by complicated algorism such as adding-matrix, weight and equal distribution. In addition, this will save the time and improve the accuracy for hand-counting.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2015

In Korea, significant riparian areas have been developed due to river maintenance projects. Introduction of new riparian facilities can negatively affect wildlife in the riparian areas. This study focuses on selecting core conservation areas for Eurasian Otter(Lutra lutra) to support decision making process for development of riparian areas. For the study, first of all, field data of study site were collected by field surveys. Secondly, stream naturalness was assessed to understand physical environments of the study sites. Thirdly, habitat suitability was assessed using occurrence data of Eurasian Otter and environmental data. Lastly, core areas for conservation was selected by comparing and synthesizing stream naturalness map and habitat suitability map. The selected core areas showed several characteristics. The number of artificial facilities is low in the core areas. Rocks which are preferred by Eurasian Otter to eat and excrete are plentiful in the core areas. Also, the ratio of adjacent farmland is high. Based on the analyses, it is expected that this study can contribute to decision making process for environmental spatial plans to better conserve habitats of Eurasian Otter.

• 농촌계획
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2007

Land development policy in Korea, characterized by its supply-oriented policy, has driven rapid economic development. However, it has a negative impact on the natural environment across the country. Especially, as the introduction of quashi-farmland system with the deregulation of agricultural land development in the late 1990s, numerous unfavorable landscape features such as road, motels and apartment have emerged in the rural area. As those interfered irreversible rural landscapes have been expanded, the demand for well preserved rural landscapes have been increased. The objectives of this study, thus, is to suggest the mitigations between the land development and conservation of natural landscape. As such, this study examines the recognition of current rural landscape management status through 118 students with two groups of landscape architecture majored (50 people) and non-landscape majored (68). Both group express the negative impression of current rural landscape management system in general and they pointed out the major landscape problems are caused from inappropriate land use. However, in detail those two groups respond differently, for example, the first group selected the damaged landscape is the second cause of the landscape problem, while the other group selected the poorly maintained settlements. Based on the analysis of the survey, this study suggests 3 recommendations in order to improve the sustainable rural landscape as establishing the proper rural land use planning system, building local governments' capacity to actively participate in the rural landscape management, and preparing the landscape management plans considering area distinctive characteristics.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2019

상주 공검지는 8세기에 축조된 고대 유적 저수지로서 습지보호지역으로 지정되어 있다. 이곳에서 지속가능한 보전 전략을 수립하는데 필요한 기초자료를 수집하기 위하여, 현존 식생을 분류하고 식생도를 작도하며 식생의 구조적 특징을 파악하고 환경과의 관계를 규명하였다. 공검지 습지보호지역에서는 저습지, 하천, 산림, 초지, 농경지, 과수원 식생에 속하는 총 26개 식물군집이 분류되었다. 탈경향대응분석 (detrended correspondence analysis) 결과에 따르면 습지 식생의 구조는 주로 수심과 인간 교란에 따라서 영향을 받았다. 저수지 습지에서는 통발, 마름과 같은 부수식물과 연꽃, 부들류와 같은 정수식물이 수면을 완전히 피복하고 있었다. 2014년 이후에 점차 정수식물과 습생식물의 분포 면적이 늘어나는 육역화가 빠르게 진행되고 있었다. 습지보호지역의 지속가능한 보전과 복원을 위하여, 지형과 식생을 복원하고, 수문 체계를 회복시키며, 습지로부터 산지까지의 생태계 연결성을 회복한 것이 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.158-167
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• 2006

본 연구는 DMZ 및 민통선지역의 토지피복 변화양상을 생태학적 측면에서 파악해보는데 목적을 두고 있다. 한반도 허리를 가르는 대상형 지역인 DMZ에 대하여 남북간 왕래가 잦은 서부지역에 대하여 토지피복특성을 파악해 보았는데, 비접근지역인 연구지역 특성상 본 연구에서는 위성영상자료를 활용하여 토지피복의 현황 및 변화특성을 파악해 보았다. '80년대 중반(Landsat TM, '87.05.20) 및 2000년대 초반의 영상(Landsat ETM+, '02.06.06)을 활용함으로써 최근 15년 동안 토지피복이 어떻게 변화했는지 파악하였으며, 생태적 가치가 큰 DMZ 지역의 토지피복 분류정확도를 높이기 위하여, 선형분광혼합화소분석(linear spectral mixture analysis : LSMA)을 이용하였다. 이 분석법은 하나의 화소를 단일한 지표물로 가정하여 영상을 처리하는 기존의 기법과 달리, 각 화소의 토지피복의 혼합정도를 세분화 한 후 대상지의 토지피복 특성을 가장 잘 반영하는 순수한 화소값 별로 분할영상(fraction image)을 생성하였는데, 본 연구에서는 식생, 토양, 수문의 3가지 화소에 대한 분할영상을 생성하였다. 분석결과 토지피복 가운데 산림지역의 면적이 가장 많은 감소를 가져왔는데, 남한지역의 경우 산림의 $39.04km^2$가, 북한지역은 $52.37km^2$가 다른 토지피복으로 변화되었다. 농경지의 경우 북한은 농경지 면적의 $56.15km^2$가 나대지로 변화되었는데, 이는 남한에 비하여 농경지 관리가 소홀하여 나대지 상태로 방치되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 공간적인 측면에서 볼 때, 민통선지역의 경우 전반적으로 토지피복의 변화가 나타나고 있으며, DMZ 내부의 경우도 장단반도 주변지역, 파주시 및 북한 판문군지역의 경우 그 변화가 민통선지역과 비슷한 양상을 보이고 있다.