• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 2016

Introduction: Distant metastases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) are reported with the most common sites being the soft tissue of skin, lung, liver, and bone. We report here a very rare case of MEC with multiple metastases to the kidney, adrenal gland, skull and gluteus maximus muscle. Case report: A 63-year-old male patient presented with left-sided headache. Radiologic evaluations including CT and MRI showed ill-defined soft tissue lesion involving the left infratemporal fossa and left sphenoid sinus, and multiple enlarged lymph nodes in neck and mediastinum. PET-CT demonstrated multiple hypermetabolic lesions in and around the left kidney, left adrenal gland, right ischium, right gluteus maximus and skull base. These lesions were confirmed as MEC with multiple metastases through biopsy. Discussion: Only one case of metastasis to the skull has been previously reported, and moreover, there has not been a case of metastatic MEC to the kidney, adrenal gland and gluteus maximus muscle so far in the medical literature. It is important to acknowledge the possibility of every unusual MEC metastases, since the presence of metastasis has statistically significant influence on the survival of MEC.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.219-225
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• 2003

So far, for pearl culture using abalones, a plastic nucleus has been planted in an abalone by perforating the shell. But after planing 80 % of abalones died, and even if they live, the pearl's hardness was not so good. The weak hardness made the pearl valueless. The quality of a pearl is decided by the gloss and the quality of the pearl's layer. This study is to find the right nucleus for abalones and to decrease a death rate of abalones by selecting the right planting place. This study was also performed to obtain valuable pearls with proper size, gloss, and good color. Below is the result of the research; Conch shells out of the various nucleus materials were the best. Their shape, color and gloss were very good. The nucleus was planted in the part that a shell is grown up under the absorption ball, as a result a pearl sack was quickly made. After 15 days, out of every pearl, pearl sacks were made. The pearl formation was measured every month. From the abalone shell which was planted in April, qualitative pearls which was from 5mm to 5.81mm in size were obtained in December.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.47
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• pp.337-353
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• 2010

On payment of the insurance money the insurer is entitled to be subrogated to all right and remedies of the assured in respect of the interest insured in so far as he has indemnified the insured. The purpose of subrogation is to prevent the assured from recovering more than once for the same loss, e.g. where goods are lost owing to a collision, the assured cannot claim the insurance money from the insurer and then sue the owners of the ship that negligently caused the collision. Under the doctrine of subrogation the right to sue owners of the negligent ship passes from the assured to the insurer on payment of the insurance money. The insurer is subrogated to the assured 'rights against the carrier under the contract of carriage. To defeat the cargo underwriters' subrogation righters, the carriers inserted in their B/L a clause allowing the carriers to have the "benefit of the shipper's insurance. But, in the Hague Rules, Hamburg Rules, Rotterdam Rules, its makes void any clause that assigns a benefit of insurance of the goods in favour of the carrier. In practice the insurer asks the assured to sign a letter of subrogation and retains the documents in order to prosecute the rights subrogated to him.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.175-183
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• 1986

Since it was proposed that vanadate may be an ‘ideal endogenous regulator of the $Na^+,\;K^+-ATPase$ activity (Cantley et at, 1979), vanadate has been a subject of intensive research and a variety of its physiological effects have been described (Nechay, 1984). In isolated guinea pig heart muscle vanadate shows a positive inotropic effect on ventricular muscle, while it induces a negative inotropic effect on atrial muscle. But its underlying mechanism has not been elucidated so far. Therefore, in this study the flux rates of calcium ion into and from guinea pig heart muscle were measured to throw some light on the underlying mechanism, because those rates have been known to be closely related to the cardiac contractility and the results are summarized as follows: 1) Calcium efflux rates from the intracellular $Ca^{++}$ pool (compartment 4) of both guinea pig left atrium and right ventricle were significantly reduced by vanadate and their pool sizes were significantly increased by vanadate. 2) The magnitude of calcium influx into left atrium was reduced by vanadate, While the magnitude of calcium influx into right ventricle was not affected by vanadate. From these results, it may be concluded that the positive inotropic effect of vanadate on the ventricular muscle was due to a reduced efflux rate of calcium ion and its negative inotropic effect on atrial muscle was resulted from a reduced influx of calcium ion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.349-354
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• 2002

쌀 소비량은 생활 수준 향상과 외식 및 식품 산업의 발달로 감소하고, 고품질 쌀을 요구하는 성향이 높아지고 있다. 현재, 고품질 쌀을 생산할 수 있는 기술과 제반 요건은 구비되어 있으나, 수확 후 건조·저장 중에 쌀의 품질이 저하된다. 특히 건조 중 품질 저하는 고온건조에 의한 동할 발생 및 과건조가 주요 원인이다. 이를 해결하기 위해 원적외선 건조 시스템에 관한 연구가 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 방사율이 높고, 접착성 및 내열성 등이 강한 곡물 건조기용 방사체 코팅원료를 개발하고, 이 원료를 원적외선 방사체에 코팅한 후 방사체의 형태와 크기에 따라 표면 온도 분포 및 연료 소비량 등을 측정 분석하여 방사체의 특성과 적정 조건을 규명하고자 하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 세라믹 코팅 원료의 배합비는 세라믹분말 40%와 결합재 60%가 접착력과 가열경화 후 표면이 양호한 것으로 나타났다. (2) 노즐의 유량 및 분무각에 따른 버너의 화염길이 및 폭은 노즐유량이 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. (3) 방사체 위치별 표면온도편차는 방사체 길이가 1350mm인 것이 작은 것으로 나타났고, 열풍유동관 직경이 Rounding type의 경우 76.3mm, Right angle type의 경우 89.1mm일 때 표면 온도편차가 적었다. (4) 연료소비량은 열 풍유동관 직경이 클수록, 방사체 길이가 길수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었고, Right angle type이 Rounding type에 비하여 연료소비량이 약간 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2013

Objectives Two conflicting readings of "Donguisusebowon" so far have been presented that Sasang Constitutional Medicine inherited the traditional Five Elements theory and that it was a new perspective on its own right. The main purpose of this paper is to review the theoretical ground of Sasang Constitutional Medicine to see whether it has inherited the Traditional Korean Medicine, and show that it had been developed as an original view independent of the Five Elements theory. Methods To do this, I inquired into the theoretical background of Sasang Constitutional Medicine as well as its philosophical premises and its leading ideas. Results and Conclusions As a result, I have found that Sasang Constitutional Medicine is an original medical theory developed in empirical terms on its own right, divorced from the transcendental view of the Five Elements theory, while borrowing some concepts from I-Ching and Neo-Confucianism only for technical tools. In short, Sasang Constitutional Medicine may well be put as calling for a reappraisal of the Han-medical and Confucian accounts of human being, and a transition from speculative method based on the Five Elements theory to a verifiable empirical method. In this vein, my reading of Sasang Constitutional Medicine in empirical perspective may well be appraised as presenting a new way to further inquiries into the theoretical nature of it, and to getting itself across with Western medicine as well.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.311-316
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• 2012

Lyman break Galaxies are galaxies selected in the rest-frame ultraviolet. But, one important and missing information for these Lyman break galaxies is the amount of dust attenuation. This is crucial to estimate the total star formation rate of this class of objects and, ultimately, the cosmic star formation density. AKARI, Spitzer and Herschel are therefore the major facilities that could provide us with this information. As part of the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey, we have began investigating the rest-frame far-infrared properties of a sample of more than 4,800 Lyman Break Galaxies in the GOODS-North fiels. Most LBGs are not detected individually, but we do detect a sub-sample of 12 objects at 0.7 < z <1.6 and one object at z = 2.0. The ones detected by Herschel SPIRE have redder observed NUV-U and U-R colors than the others, while the undetected ones have colors consistent with average LBGs at z > 2.5. We have analysed their UV-to-FIR spectral energy distributions using the code cigale to estimate their physical parameters. We find that LBGs detected by SPIRE are high mass, luminous infrared galaxies. They also appear to be located in a triangle-shaped region in the $A_{FUV}$ vs. $logL_{FUV}$ diagram limited by $A_{FUV}$ = 0 at the bottom and by a diagonal following the temporal evolution of the most massive galaxies from the bottom-right to the top-left of the diagram. In a second step, we move to the larger COSMOS field where we have been able to detect 80 Lyman break galaxies (out of ~ 15,600) in the far infrared. They form the largest sample of Lyman break galaxies at z > 2.5 detected in the far-infrared. We tentatively name them Submillimeter Lyman break galaxies (S-LBGs).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.54-61
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• 2005

Sixty years have passed since the police system was established in Korea. So far, there have been consistent discussions on independence of police investigational rights. Political powers have mentioned its independence as one of their public commitments and specifically, it has been a big issue in respect to establishment of the current participation government. The issues involved in investigational rights were derived from the regulations as follows: 'Prosecutors shall manage investigation(No. 195. the Criminal Procedure Act) and 'The police shall be guided by prosecutors in respect to investigation'(No. 195. the Criminal Procedure Act). President No Mu-hyun proposed he would take care of the issues involved in investigational rights at an interview. This study speculates investigational right systems of countries that follow continental law system and English law system and more valid investigational right system based on the guaranty of human rights and the principle of power division to find reasonable suggestions on independence issue.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2000

Ge-Fu(歌賦) means prose and poetry individually, and they both have a meaning of all the rhythmical poetrical compositions making it ease for people to remember the content. All the Ge-Fus used in oriental medicine are made in Yuan(元), Mine(明)and Qing(靑)dynasty, and they have been largely used in most of all the fields of medicine such as Ben-Cao(本草), Tang-Ye(湯液), Zhen-Jiu(鍼灸), Zhen-Duan(診斷). Zhen-Jiu-Ge-Fu(鍼灸歌賦) has about 90 poetries and 10 proses and they contain the names of meridian; courses of meridian streams; accurate positions of acupuncture points; functions; effects; meanings of the name of acupuncture points; usages and effects of special points; manipulations of reinforcing and reducing method; contraindications of acupuncturing; principles of selections and orders of acupuncture points in therapy; and eight diadgoses. Zhen-Jiu-Ge-Fu is subdivided into Jing-Xue(經穴歌), Zhi-Jiu-Ge(刺灸歌), Shu-Xue-Ge(輸穴歌), Zhi-Liao-Ge(治療歌). And In Zhi-Liao-Ge, the most brief and essential Ge-Fu-Si-Zong-Sue-Ge- contains theraputic designs using far apart acpuncture points from the right painful areas in the body. In this study, the author opinionated the Si-Zong-Sue-Ge can be the prototype of the distant needling; the research on this can open the importance of Ge-Fus. On conclusion, 1. "Upper and lower Abdomen - Zu-San-Li($S_{36}$) (肚腹三里留)" means when there are problems and disorders in upper and lower abdomen, distinctively, such as gastric pain, maldigestion, flatulence, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, vomiting, menstrual disorer, knee pain and tonic functioning, 족삼리 can be a right choice for distant needling point for treating. 2. "Face and Eye-He-Gu($Li_4$) (面目合谷收)" means when there are problems and disorders in facial, eye, ear, nose, throat, mouth regions, distinctively, such as facial edema, toothache, headache, sore throat, rhinorrhea, frontal headache, abdominal pain, dizziness, He-Gu can be a right choice for distant needling point for treating. 3. "Upper and lower back - Wei-Zhong($B_{40}$) (腰背委中求)" means when there are problems and disorders in upper and lower back, distinctively, such as upper back pain, lumbargo, hamstring muscle pain, popliteal region pain, lower extremity compartment syndrom, Inguinal region pain, muscle twitch, vomiting and diarrhea, hemorrhoidal bleeding, skin rash, Wei-Zhong can be a right choice for distant needling point for treating. 4. "Head and neck - Lie-Que($L_7$) (頭項審列缺)" means when there are problems and disorders in capital and nuchal area, distinctively, such as migraine, frontal headache, rhinorrhea, asthmatic dyspnea, aphasia, coughing, neck stiffness, occipital headache, upper extremity pain, Lie-Que can be a right choice for distant needling point for treating.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.36 no.3 s.69
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• pp.119-139
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to provide information that will help both fishing industry and fisheries authority understand the principals of individual transferable quota(ITQ) fishery management. Theoretical frameworks and primary features of ITQ fishery managemenet are the assignment of exclusive property rights for harvest of common - property fisheries resources. An ITQ fishery management is fundamentally different from the conventional fishery management and it gives an individual fisherman the right to catch a specified quantity of fish, his quota. With ITQ, fisherman's quotas are transferable, in whole or in part. An ITQ is a property with certain rights of use, namely, the right to catch a given quantity and species of fish in a specific location during a specific period of time. The right is exclusive in the sense that no one else has the right to use the quota without the owner's permission. The property may be assigned, traded, and exchanged; i.e., the owner has the right to transfer an ownership to others. An ITQ fishery management leads to both economic efficiency and resource conservation. Motivations to overexploit stocks and to overcapitalize should be lessened because fishermen no longer have to compete for limited resources. There are significant positive net benefits and advantages with ITQ fishery management than without. The potential benefits and advantages of ITQ fishery management include increased profits, economic stability, improved product quality, safer working conditions, less gear conflict, elimination of the race - to - fish phenomenon, less by - catch, less gear loss, improved investment climate, mitigation of market gluts, waste reduction, addition to fisherman's wealth, and compensation for fisherman exiting the fishery. As an independent observe to Red Crab Trap Fishery some of the benefits, problems, and effects, an ITQ fishery management in Red Crab Trap Fishery is still far from to be implemented. Many different and difficult aspects (biological, socioeconomics, administrative) are involved considering the implementation of ITQ fishery management in Red Crab Trap Fishery. Among other fishery management tools, the implementation of ITQ fishery management in Red Crab Trap Fishery is considered to be the best in achieving the better conservation of fisheries resources and their more economic and rational exploitation. Korean fisheries authority should pay great attention to the experience of the economic effects of the ITQ fishery management in Red Crab Trap Fishery in the hope of being able to implement at least some of those experiences into the Korean fishery management.