• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06c
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• pp.351-357
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• 1994

At least two projects for English-to-Korean translation have been already in action for the last few years, but so far no attention has been paid to the problem of resolving pronominal reference and a default pronoun translation has been considered instead. In this paper we argue that pronous cannot be handled trivially in an English-to-Korean translation and one cannot bypass the task of resolving anaphoric reference if aiming at good and natural translation. In addition, we propose lexical transfer rules for English-to-Korean anaphor translation and outline an anaphora resolution model for an English-to-Korean MT system in operation.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.76.2-76.2
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• 2010

We report the extended far-ultraviolet (FUV) halo of NGC 891 above the galactic plane. The FUV intensity distribution is well described by two exponential components, one with the scale height of ~0.34 kpc and the other of ~2.3 kpc. The extraplanar FUV halo is traceable up to > 5 kpc. The FUV halo is attributable to scattered-off starlight by extraplanar dust. Using Monte-Carlo radiative transfer simulations, the FUV intensity distribution along the minor axis is found to be well modeled with two dust comonents. Its implications are discussed.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.21-26
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• 2016

Many kinds of fluorescent polypyridine compounds including bpy and dppz derivatives are described in understanding the recent current of fluorescent materials having photofuctionality. Those polypyridine compounds have the photofunctionality such as the fluorescence recognition and/or photo-switching. Furthermore, those compounds are applicated for the construction of long ranged photoinduced electron/energy transfer system. Various fluorescent ${\pi}-conjugation$ systems connected by amide or imine bond as well as the simple fluorescent bpy derivatives are introduced in this review paper.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.365-370
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• 1996

This paper introduces experimental results of whole-body vibration exposed through the contact area between automotive seat and human body. Such vibration experiment was carried out for five automotive seats in use and four Korean individuals. Interestingly, the quantitative assessment of the ride values of the tested seats do not only enable us to judge the footnotes the Korean technology in automotive seat has left so far, but also lead to the systematic way of improving their ride quality, in addition in Korean automotive seats raised in this paper.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2007

It is difficult to introduce DNA in non-invasive manner into oral cancer cells as well as primary cells for gene manipulation and expression in vivo. So far, several methods for a gene delivery have been performed to solve this problem. Magnetofection is one of the recent methods for gene transfer, and nanoparticles are applied under a magnetic field for DNA delivery. We investigated whether the magnetofection increases the efficiency of a gene delivery into several oral cell lines. By using a plasmid coding the green fluorescent protein (GFP), the efficiency of gene transfer by magnetofection was compared with those by using the calcium phosphate and the commercial transfection agent. Indeed, the magnetofection increased the green fluorescent signal in cells, suggested that this method apparently enhance the efficiency of gene delivery without any defects in various oral cancer cell lines. Finally, we have shown that magnetofection can be a useful technique for gene delivery to difficult-to-transfect cells to perform a functional study of genes in vivo.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.15 no.1 s.45
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• pp.60-66
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• 2006

An experimental investigation on the flow and convective heat transfer characteristics has been carried out far aluminum foam heat sink inserted into the annulus to examine the feasibility as a heat sink. Two aluminum foams or different permeability were selected to provide the friction factor and heat transfer correlations as function of Darcy, Reynolds and Prandtl number. Experimental results show that the friction factor is higher than clear annulus without aluminum foam, while $6\sim10$ times augmentation in Nusselt number is obtained. This technique can be used for the compactness of the heat exchanger.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.24 no.10 s.181
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• pp.2428-2437
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• 2000

In general, it is known that the portion of leakage loss is more than 20 % of total loss in scroll compressor. So far many studies have been done to improve the leakage problem and volumetric efficiency. In order to do this it is necessary that the leakage is exactly evaluated for conventional scroll model. Almost all studies that have been done were assumed that the clearance remains constant while operating. But in actual operating conditions, scroll wrap is deformed due to elevated refrigerant gas temperature. And this makes the leakage clearance change, so the leakage mass flow and the volumetric efficiency are also changed. In this study we assumed the steady state operating condition and obtain the average temperature and convection heat transfer coefficient in terms of involute angle. With these results, using finite element method we analyzed the heat transfer of scroll wrap, then did thermal deformation analysis. Then we obtain the leakage clearance and do the leakage and volumetric efficiency analysis. Compared with undeformed feature, we examine the effect of the thermal deformation on the leakage. The results say that the leakage mass flow for the case of considering thermal deformation is less than that for the unconsidered one, and this means that the leakage clearance is reduced due to thermal deformation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.511-524
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• 2005

Thermalhydraulic reactor simulation of tomorrow will require a new generation of codes combining at least three scales, the CFD scale in open medium, the component scale and the system scale. DNS will be used as a support for modelling more macroscopic models. NEPTUNE is such a new generation multi-scale platform developed jointly by CEA-DEN and EDF-R&D and also supported by IRSN and FRAMATOME-ANP. The major steps towards the next generation lie in new physical models and improved numerical methods. This paper presents the advances obtained so far in physical modelling for each scale. Macroscopic models of system and component scales include multi-field modelling, transport of interfacial area, and turbulence modelling. Two-phase CFD or CMFD was first applied to boiling bubbly flow for departure from nucleate boiling investigations and to stratified flow for pressurised thermal shock investigations. The main challenges of the project are presented, some selected results are shown for each scale, and the perspectives for future are also drawn. Direct Numerical Simulation tools with Interface Tracking Techniques are also developed for even smaller scale investigations leading to a better understanding of basic physical processes and allowing the development of closure relations for macroscopic and CFD models.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2010

Ability to transport extracted carriers from NQDs is essential for the development of most NQD based applications. Strategies to facilitate carrier transport while preserving NQDs' optical characteristics include: 1) Fabricating neat films of NQDs with modified surfaces either by adapting series of ligands with certain limitations or by applying physical processes such as heat annealing 2) Coupling of NQDs to one-dimensional nanostructures such as single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) or various types of nanowires. NQD-nanowire hybrid nanostructures are expected to facilitate selective wavelength absorption, charge transfer to 1-D nanostructures, and efficient carrier transport. Even with the vast interests in using NQD-SWNT hybrid materials in optoelectric applications, still, no reports so far have clearly elucidated the optoelectric behavior when they were assembled on the FET mainly because the complexity involving in both components in their preparation and characterization. We have monitored the optical properties of both components (NQDs, SWNTs) from the synthesis, to the assembly, and to the device. More importantly, by using pyridine molecules as a linker to non-covalently attach NQDs to SWNTs, we were able to assemble NQDs on SWNTs with precise density control without harming their electronic structures. Furthermore, by measuring electrical signals from the fabricated aligned SWNTs-FET using dielectrophoresis (DEP), we were able to elucidate the charge transfer mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.106-116
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• 2023

In this paper, we designed a coaxial dual camera incorporating two optical systems-one for the visible rays and the other for far-infrared ones-with the aim of capturing images in both wavelength ranges. The far-infrared system, which uses an uncooled detector, has a sensor array of 640×480 pixels. The visible ray system has 1,945×1,097 pixels. The coaxial dual optical system was designed using a hot mirror beam splitter to minimize heat transfer caused by infrared rays in the visible ray optical system. The optimization process revealed that the final version of the dual camera system reached more than 90% of the fusion performance between two separate images from dual systems. Multiple rigorous testing processes confirmed that the coaxial dual camera we designed demonstrates meaningful design efficiency and improved image conformity degree compared to existing dual cameras.