• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.173-183
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• 2002

The main focus of this study is to understand realities of postmodern consumer culture by deconstructing fashion advertisements, Calvin Klein's ck One and cK be. The metaphysics of critical theory, visual and textual analysis are used to deconstructing the ads applying one of the postmodern cultural critics, Baudrillard' s notion of hyperreality. Through deconstructing the ads five postmodern characteristics representing hyperreality were found. First, there is no message regarding functional characteristics of the product offered in the ad, which is far from the modernist's utilitarian Point of view. Hyperreality in Postmodern consumer culture is consumption centered and focuses on the product's symbolic meanings. Second, especially for cK be, the ad uses atypicai, irrelevant models and images, which are introduced as a concept of ‘real people’ rather than the ideal person or body type. Third, there are transformations of the meanings from cK one to cK be such as the notions of globalization and gender which clearly represent ongoing reality in the Postmodern culture. Fourth, there are hidden meaning of hedonism and relativism, which are prevalent in postmodern ideology. Finally, models' bodies are used to convey messages as well as form the ground and figure in the ad that is a significant characteristic of postmodern consumer culture. In conclusion, the study of Calvin Klein's fashion ads supports the notion that advertising mirrors reality in postmodern consumer culture, which is hyperreality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.237-240
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• 2005

The types of China Ancientry Architecture are rich and colorful. Among all these architectures, the Traditional Residence Architecture have the closest relationship with the mass's life. Traditional Residence Architecture reflected the connotation of the culture, philosophy ideology, especially the relationship between dwelling house and the nature, which can't be ignored by our modern people as well as the modern design. Beijing Sahap-won residence architecture is one of the apotheosis of China Traditional Residence Architecture, it'svery suitable for family's habitation. There's brilliance layout in space; around symmetry and radioactivity in plane, discretion grade in line, independence and continuity in inner spatial, with high privacy and benignity, Before the development and explore of modern APT Architecture design, we should fully understand the feature of Ancientry Residence House, inherit and carry forward its culture. The proposed design is started from the consolidation of the traditional feature of Beijing Sahap-won and the modern residence architecture, therefore to satisfy the modern people's fierce pursuing to the traditional culture.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.511-526
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• 2013

Focusing on Anna Katharine Green's Amelia Butterworth series and Agatha Christie's Miss Marple mysteries, this paper aims to examine the contradictory representation of a detective in spinster detective fiction. The spinster detective fiction reveals distinct ways of representing a female detective from the earlier woman detective fiction. Unlike the earlier woman detective represented as submissive and desperate for survival, a spinster detective is a wealthy, intelligent, brave, and independent woman from an upper class family. Since a spinster detective's attributes honor such masculine qualities as independence, intelligence, courage, and capacity for leadership, the spinster detective fiction has a possibility to threaten the established patriarchal authority. The possibility of gender disruption in the spinster detective fiction is, however, contained by the spinster's marginal position in the patriarchal system. Since a spinster exists outside the normal expectation of a woman's life in patriarchal society, a spinster detective creates no conflict with the dominant gender ideology. Furthermore, a spinster detective is represented as a conservative elderly woman expressing reactionary views on social, political issues including women's problems. The spinster detective fiction reinforces the established gender norms rather than challenges and questions them.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-29
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• 2001

본 연구는 가족의 구매의사결정에 대한 실증조사로서 성별역할관념론 및 자원이론과 가족구성원의 지각된 영향 간의 관계를 규명하였다. 영향을 주는 구성원은 남편과 아내와 자녀로 한정했으며, 영향을 지각하는 가족구성원은 남편과 아내로 제한하였다. 성별역할관념변수는 Scanzoni Sex-Role Scale(SSRS)로 측정하였으며, 자원변수는 남편과 아내 각자의 수입과 교육수준으로 측정하였다. SSRS 는 요인분석을 사용하여 차원(요인)을 파악한 후 자원변수와 함께 지각된 영향 간의 관계를 규명하기 위하여 다변량 회귀분석을 사용하였다. 요인분석 결과는 Scanzoni(1975)의 분석 결과와 요인구조 면에서 차이가 있었다. SSRS 는 아내의 척도 2 개 차원과 남편의 척도 3 개 차원으로 구성되어 있다. 그러나 본 연구에서 남편의 척도는 1 개의 차원으로 나타났다. 조사대상이 된 제품은 TV, 냉장고, 세탁기, 침대, 장롱, 식탁, 자동차, 남성정장, 여성정장, 여행지로 모두 10 개 였다. 성별역할관념변수의 영향을 분석한 결과는 "제품 특이적"이거나, 영향을 지각하는 "지각주체 특이적"이거나, 성별역할관념의 "차원 특이적" 현상을 보였다. 또한 우리나라의 남편들은 성별역할관념변수에 상관없이 자기의 영향을 더욱더 크게 지각하는 반면, 아내의 영향을 더욱더 적게 지각하는 경향이 있었다. 아내들도 남편보다는 자기의 영향을 더욱더 크게 지각하는 경향이 있으나 남편만큼 강한 것은 아니었다. 이 결과를 분석하면 남편들은 남성우월의 전통을 유지하려는 경향이 높은 반면 아내들은 이런 전통에 변화를 기대하는 진보적 성향을 띠고 있는 것으로 해석된다. 본 연구의 결과 자원이론은 지지를 받지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 다시 말해 자원이론은 부부사이에서 기대했던 영향과 반대 방향으로 나타났을 뿐만 아니라 부모와 자식 간에도 기대했던 것과 반대 방향으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.38
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• pp.65-101
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• 2018

In the late Joseon Dynasty, patriarchal ideology became central to the family and the clan, and once again became acutely felt with "the familism of clan rules that centered around a legitimate and eldest son." The establishment of the family-clan system, though somewhat complex, was largely aimed at the family line of "a paternalist-a legitimate and eldest son." The trend was not limited to a particular family, but rather, was a historical and social trend. Changseonggameirok showed how to solve the family crisis by setting up a problem for the next generation's patriarch. This paper tries to explain the issue of Hwachun's complex as the legitimate and eldest son complex. First, it suggests that Hwachun's complex is as universal as the Cain complex, also known as the eldest son complex, and that Hwachun's complex is a special instance of the legitimate and eldest son complex in Changseonggameirok. Next this paper studies the aspects of Hwachun's legitimate and eldest son complex combined with Mrs. Sim's complex, as well as her daughter-in-law's complex, and eventually tracks the development of the family-clan complex. As a result, we've come to a new conclusion that the legitimate and eldest son complex was found in Changseonggameirok for the first time in Korean literary history. This paper also examines the fact that when the legitimate and eldest son complex was transferred to Hwajin, it became a family complex that Hwajin had to contend with; this paper tracks the process wherein Hwajin's filial piety solved the legitimate and eldest son complex. As a result, we realized that Hwajin's filial duty and brotherly love went beyond his feelings for Mrs. Sim and Hwachun, and supported the substantiation for "the familism of a clan that is based on rules of the legitimate and eldest son" in the course of public opinion. However the familism of these rules was not embodied in the absolute; in the royal family, for example, it was rather flexibly implemented when the characters admitted to breaking the law. In addition, this paper provides the room for a critical reading of Changseonggameirok, reflecting back on the underlying guilt and psychological pain of the characters who are affected by the particular rules, and concluding that guilt and suffering are fundamentally insoluble. This is because the two ideas, "the legitimate and eldest son complex" and "the familism of a clan rules centered on a legitimate and eldest son" are two sides of the same coin.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.65-75
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• 2012

Throughout the agraian society, industrial society, information society, and the knowledge-based society, the word father has become the representation of the law, oder, control, protection, and discipline. This study, with traditional fairy tale "Le petit chaperon rouge", aim to analyze the child readers a notion familly around 'me' and conceiving the father as the unit of the institution; also, in the Korean film , cinema audiences feeling keenly the necessity of the conventional family values and looking for the poster of principal agent of law and order. Generally the father is protector of 'me' and simutaneously, is incorporal being; even if he is inessential, he has, only by the name, great influence with people(law, order, control, discipline, are operating only with the name as the father God does). Our study will show how the signifier father operates and what similarity is between the film and the traditional fairy tale. A father is recognized as a tyrant or criminal, but a man is always realized to undertake a duty of resisting unjust powers and protecting nonperson. Those opposing structures was well represented in epic works such as"Le petit chaperon rouge" and . The father described in children's tale appeared as a symbol of desire and oppression, therefore youngster readers realized around 'Me' the concept of family through the absence of a father and received the father as a unit in the system. A father in a film has been described as a protector of nonperson, and a main part in the institution and order of traditional family. In both genre, the psychological signifiant of father still has been shown based on the symbol of father as a social institution.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.33
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• pp.7-25
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• 2012

It is very difficult for ordinary people to commit suicide bombing because of two reasons. First off, suicide bombers have to sacrifice themselves. Moreover, suicide bombers should kill innocent people who are not directly related to their goals. However, suicide bombing increase and 2,670 people were killed in 2011 due to suicide bombing. Ropoport indicated that suicide bombing is related to the fourth wave in modern terrorism. This study explored the current situation of suicide bombing and analyze suicide bombers' motivation with several cases. The suicide bombers' motivations were explained by two categories, which are individual and organizational(or social) aspects. The individual aspect included the loss of family, trauma, and distorted recognition of society. The organizational(or social) aspect consisted of religion, ideology, and strategy. It was found that these aspects influence suicide bombing. There was no suicide bombing in Korea, but we need to prepare for suicide bombing because of high possibility.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find how the mate selection and sex consciousness reflected in Samhuk Yusa. We set up the following two questions for aim of this study. First, how are the real aspects and specific characters of mate selection reflected in Samguk Yusa? Second, how are the real aspects and specific characters of sex consciousness reflected in Samguk Yusa? The results can be summarized as follows; 1. Mate selection reflected in Samguk Yusa discussed into two major domains, one is spouse conditions and the other is marriage form. Men and Women are married at teenages, but the greater part of case is unidentified, so in order to approach this we need to analyse other historical documents. In men and women, standard of appearance and personality is difference. Analyzed case about appearance is a few, also we need to analyse other historical materials. More valued personality is wisdom in men, and in women more valued personality is virtue, brightness, graceful and mild. Through in case of to overcome the cultural gabs, the society must be open in every area. The marriage form is diversity, examples, free marriage, a marriage of convenience type, etc. Especially in aspects remarriage of man and woman is free in every class. 2. Sex consciousness reflected in Samguk Yusa discussed into three major domains, first is discussion about sex, second is premarital sexual behavior, third is extramarital. Through the case of discussion about sex is opened so there is not existence double blinded in sexual norms. Also through the case of premarital sexual behavior and extramarital, fidelity ideology does not yet come into existence.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2020

This study discusses the institutional change of Chinese early childhood education quality assurance institution (ECEQAI) from the three dimensions of the perspective of historical institutionalism of that refer to the external environment, dynamic mechanism containing with nation-market-society, and the invisible ideology of the institutional change. Chinese ECEQAI was divided into five historical periods, which were 17 years after the founding of China (1949-1966), the Great Cultural Revolution (GCR) period (1966-1976), the early stage of Reform and Opening-up (RO) (1976-1995), the social change period (1995-2010) and the new period (2010-now). This study also concludes five separate change models for Chinese ECEQAI that correspond to the five periods. The first was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model influenced by the Soviet model and dominated by national power. The second was compulsory and radical change model controlled by the counter-revolutionary group. The third was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model dominated by national power. The fourth was induced and gradual^① institutional change model driven by market power and forced by society power. The fifth was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model led by national power and forced by society power. Finally, the future change direction of China's ECEQAI was further pointed out, that was the government-leading and tend to balanced three-pole power model of "Nation-Market-Society", as well as the "three-pole power relationship" of indepth communication and positive interaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.4 s.113
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• pp.126-142
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• 2007

The second part of this study is to typify plural sexuality articulated with fashion images in men's and women's popular fashion magazines in Korea since 2000 and ultimately to infer sexual ideology codified in modern fashion by a framework of this study, the socio-semiotic model. From this, sexuality represented in modern fashion was typified as follows: in women's fashion Traditional Femininity, Glamor Femininity, Androgynous Femininity, Babydoll Femininity and Genderless sexuality, while in men's fashion Traditional Masculinity, Macho Masculinity, Androgynous Masculinity, Adolescent Masculinity and Genderless sexuality. The conclusion of this study is as follows: First, modern fashion has been changed from a means expressing gender and class into a sign vehicle representing the new ruling system of age and sexual desire. The binary oppositional sexuality on center of man in the 19 C capitalist period has been gradually pluralized towards the post-capitalist period. Next, mainstream society in Korea is still positioned in the traditional heterosexuality, keeping the vertical power relationship between man and woman even in the post-modern period. However, the fact that both Traditional Femininity and Androgynous Femininity acquire the position of dominant femininity connotes the change of modern femininity. Finally, plural sexuality represented in modern fashion has family resemblance and it shows contextual flexibility within contemporary period as well as a historical context. As a result, sexuality floats with a specific historical and socio-cultural context, and fashion as a material culture represents a masquerade as a identity vehicle, which constructs and de-constructs sexuality at the same time.