• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.437-448
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• 2004

수문학 교과서를 통해 널리 알려진 기존의 유역중심 DAD 분석방법은 유역면적이 작거나 호우이동이 거의 없는 경우에 매우 유용한 방법으로 계산이 비교적 간단하다. 그러나, 태풍과 같이 호우이동이 뚜렷한 경우에는 DAD 관계를 명확히 표현하기 어려우며, 특히 유역면적이 증가함에 따라 평균면적강우량의 오차도 증가하므로, 분석자의 혼란을 야기시킬 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기존의 유역중심 DAD 분석방법의 단점을 보완코저 호우중실 DAD 분석방법을 개발하였고, 객관적인 DAD 분석결과를 얻기 위해 이를 프로그램화하였다. 관측강우량을 이용하여 기존의 방법과 비교ㆍ검토를 수행한 결과 제안된 방법이 평균면적강우량을 보다 적절하게 표현함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 개발된 프로그램을 이용하여 우리나라의 전국단위 호우분석(1969년부터 1999년까지 약 130여개 호우)을 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 유역중심 DAD 분석결과와 비교ㆍ검토하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2016

Objectives: A pilot study was undertaken to assess the bioaerosol levels in restaurants and determine the effects of variations in temperature, relative humidity, and air movement on these levels. It focused on the differences between kitchens and dining areas, as well as between summer and winter. Methods: A field survey was performed in six restaurants. An Anderson type air sampler was used for sampling bioaerosols, such as total suspended bacteria (TSB), Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), Gram positive bacteria (GPB), opportunistic bacteria (OP), Staphylococcus spp., and total suspended fungi (TSF). Results: The average levels of TSB were $1{\times}10^2CFU/m^3$ and of TSF they were $1{\times}10^0{\sim}10^1CFU/m^3$. The kitchens had higher bioaerosol levels compared to dining areas, and summer showed much higher levels than winter. The concentration of OP in summer was more than six-fold that of winter. S. aureus was detected both in kitchens and dining areas, even in winter. The main effect of air movement on TSB levels was significant (p<0.05), as was air temperature, relative humidity and air movement on TSF levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a wide variation in bioaerosol levels among different restaurants. The results indicate that cooking foods may be a key factor affecting bioaerosol levels. The effects of air temperature and relative humidity reveal that bioaerosol levels may vary according to the season. The observation of pathogenic bacteria suggests that the hygiene management of establishments should be improved. Future research is needed to characterize the relation between bioaerosol levels and the occupant density of the dining area.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1023-1032
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• 2001

The muscles relating to movement of painful low back was analyzed kinematically, by method of applying elastic tapes and putting non-elastic tapes on muscles involving those movements which cause pain and limitation of range of motion (ROM) in low back and trunk. Taping therapy which is effective for improvement of painful low back and which is supposed to facilitate the total and continual movement based on the postural reflexes will be presented in this paper. Fifty cases who had painful low back were investigated. Patients with painful low back were at first asked pain point and direction of painful movement, and then tested the muscles which are cause of those pain and limited motion. Before attaching tape, all subjects were divided into two groups, flexor pattern and extensor pattern, according to direction of increasing pain. Elastic tapes were applied from origin to insertion of objective muscles and non-elastic tapes were put on effective points of the muscles which were associated with respect to pain and limited ROM. As a result of this study, all subjects with low back pain significantly improved in pain and ROM at the low back. The longest treatment duration group for the low back pain cases was herniated lumbar disc(10.4 days) group. Low back pain have been treated by so many ways. muscles factor should be emphasized to be distinguish1y important to reduce low back pain. The muscles relating to make directly painful motion in low back and trunk should be confirmed by means of taping and painful motion should be analyzed by point of view of postural reflexes.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.725-731
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate visual feedback effects and human performance in the foot mouse control. Background: Generally, computer mouse tasks are controlled by visual feedback. In order to understand the characteristics of a foot mouse control, it is important to investigate the patterns of visual feedback involved in foot-mouse control tasks. Human performance of foot mouse control is also an important factor to understand the foot mouse control. Method: Three types of mouse control were determined to investigate visual feedback effects and human performance in the foot mouse control. Visual feedback effects in the foot mouse control were compared with those of a typical hand mouse. The cursor movement speed and mental workload were measured in the three types of tasks and two types of mouses. Results: Mouse control tasks with an element of homing-in to the target were more quickly performed by the hand mouse than the foot mouse. Mental workload was also higher in the foot mouse than the hand mouse. However, in the steering movement, human performance of the foot mouse control was not lower than that of the hand mouse control. Visual feedback in the foot mouse control was less required than in the hand mouse control. Conclusion: The foot mouse was not efficient in the most mouse control tasks, compared to the hand mouse. However, the foot mouse was efficient in the steering movement, moving a cursor within a path with lateral constraints. Application: The results of this study might help to develop the foot mouse.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2009

As the number of personal computers installed in vehicles increases, a touchpad often used in a labtop computer can be used for the control of an in-vehicle information system (IVIS). Using a touchpad to control the system allows the user to select among large amount of information with a single touch of dragging. For safety and convenience of a driver, the touchpad could be placed on a steering wheel. This research is designed to calculate the most efficient Control-Response Ratio (C/R ratio) for the menu interaction of a touchpad on a steering wheel. Since the menu pointer's rate of movement and proper C/R ratio is determined by the amount of selected information, the amount of displayed information and the movement of a menu pointer was chosen to be independent variables. The dependent variables are a user's preference and task completion time. Two factor full factorial within subject design was used 16 subjects. The investigation revealed that the amount of selected information increased with increasing C/R ratio. The movement of the pointer became slower as the amount of information increased. The best C/R ratio was calculated for each amount of information and preference regression of the user's preference was drawn accordingly. Through this research, the automobile interior designer can benefit from the guidelines suggested for the touchpad control.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2007

Preface: Dental implant is important method that may solve the mastication, occlusion, esthetic, temporomandibular joint, and psychologic problem in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It is ideal that all of the implant are well positioned by adequate technique. By the way it‘s not always possible because of some anatomic, physiologic factor. In this case, If the implant can be moved to adequate position, it may be possible more esthetically and implanted patients more satisfied, but the majority of Implantists and orthodontists have thought that it is not possible. However, Implant, in fact, can be moved. and thus we can overcome the limit of implantation more. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of implant movement after corticotomy. Case report: Patient missed the upper right first molar. and implantation was done after completion of socket healing. We wait six months for osseointegration. Then, corticotomy was done under local anesthesia and close coil was used for orthodontic force. After traction during 3 weeks, we find the change of implant position at horizontal plane. we can not see the degenerative change on adjacent structure and tracted implant. there is a clinical mobility on upper right second premolar that used for anchorage but it subside spontaneously at the timing of prosthetic restoration without additional treatment. Discussion: As we could have some knowledge with this experiment, we report the case of implant movement after corticotomy and suggest a method about more esthetic implant treatment with a review of literature.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.308-316
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• 2006

Objectives Despite considerable advances in technique, experience and skill, the precise place of surgery in the treatment of facial nerve injury remains uncertain. We designed a facial nerve crush injury model in rats and evaluated the recovery of crushed nerve which is the most common injury type of facial nerve using adenovirus vector mediated in vivo gene transfer of Brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF). Materials and methods In 48 Sprague Dawley rats, we made a facial nerve crush injury model to main trunk before the furcation, and injected a $10^{11}$pfu adenoviral BDNF in experimental group(BDNF adenoviral injection group; ad-BDNF) and $3{\mu}l$ saline in control group(Saline injection group; saline). After a period of regeneration from 10 to 40 days, nerve regeneration was evaluated with functioinal test (vibrissae and ocular movement), electrophysiologic study(threshold, peak voltage, conduction velocity) and histomorphometric study of axon density. Results Vibrissae and ocular movement, threshold and conduction velocity improved as time elapse in both group, however axon density was increased significantly only in experimental group. Functional test in 10 days and 20 days showed no difference between experimental group and control group. Vibrissae movement, threshold, conduction velocity and axon density in 30 days revealed that the regeneration in quality of experimental group was significantly superior to that of control group. Conclusion In general, there is tendency for nerve regeneration in experimental group (BDNF-adenovirus injection group) during 40 days, functional recovery was detected successfully after facial nerve crush in 30 days postoperatively.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2021

Background: Considering the kinetic chain of the lower extremity, a pronated foot position (PFP) can affect malalignment of the lower extremity, such as a dynamic knee valgus (DKV). Although the DKV during several single-leg movement tests has been investigated, no studies have compared the differences in DKV during a single-leg step down (SLSD) between subjects with and without PFP. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the DKV during SLSD between subjects with and without PFP. Methods: Twelve subjects with PFP (9 men, 3 women) and 15 subjects without PFP (12 men, 3 women) participated in this study. To calculate the DKV, frontal plane projection angle (FPPA), knee-in distance (KID), and hip-out distance (HOD) during SLSD were analyzed by two-dimensional video analysis software (Kinovea). Results: The FPPA was significantly lower in PFP group, compared with control group (166.4° ± 7.5° and 174.5° ± 5.5°, p < 0.05). Also, the KID was significantly greater in PFP group, compared with control group (12.7 ± 3.9 cm and 7.3 ± 2.4 cm, p < 0.05). However, the HOD not significantly differed between two groups (12.7 ± 1.7 cm and 11.4 ± 2.5 cm, p > 0.05). Conclusion: The PFP is associated with lower FPPA and greater KID. When assess the DKV during SLSD, the PFP should be considered as a crucial factor for occurrence of DKV.

• 지역연구
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2019

생애주기단계에서 청년층은 그 사회적위치가 빠르게 변화하는 연령대로, 본 연구는 청년층의 인구이동에 주목하고 주택시장요인을 포함한 지역특성요인과 청년층 인구이동의 관계를 서울지역을 중심으로 실증 분석하였다. 분석결과, 청년층의 이동은 거리와 일자리는 중요한 이동의 원인이 되고 있다. 이외에 주택시장에서의 전세가격이나 주택공급이 청년층 이동에 유의한 영향 요인으로 작용하는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 서울시내 개별 지역과 이동의 기원지간의 전세가격과 같은 가격의 차이가 커질수록, 주택공급 차이가 커질수록 서울시 청년층의 순전출이 지속될 수 있음을 유추할 수 있다. 분석 결과 일자리의 경우, 청년층 유입을 증가시키는 데 기여하고 있어 고용중심지 주변에서의 청년층 주거수요는 높아질 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 현재 서울시나 정부에서 추진하고 있는 일자리가 많은 지역주변이나 역세권 주변에서의 청년층을 대상으로 한 공공주택을 비롯한 민간의 주택공급이 원활하게 이루어질 필요가 있으며, 저렴한 가격으로 거주할 수 있는 공적 주택이나 민간임대 주택 공급이 지속된다면, 서울시 청년층 전출을 줄이는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 분석과 대안
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.185-226
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• 2022

이 연구는 전 세계적인 언론의 신뢰도 하락이라는 상황에서, 한국 언론과 유사한 형태로 심각한 신뢰 위기를 겪고 있는 프랑스 언론에 대하여 고찰한다. 2018년부터 시작된 '노란 조끼' 운동이라는 거대한 사회운동의 과정에서 프랑스 언론에 대한 불신은 극단적인 형태로 표출되었다. 이 연구는 이를 프랑스 언론의 역사적 발전 과정, 그리고 이에 대한 대중들의 오랜 '언론에 대한 비판'의 구조라는 측면과 결합하여 살펴본다. 구체적으로 이 연구는 로이터 저널리즘 연구소에서 간행한 <디지털 뉴스 리포트>에 나타난 프랑스 언론의 신뢰도의 양적 지표를 먼저 살펴본다. 이어 프랑스 저널리즘의 역사적·제도적 형성 과정 및 이에 발맞추어 등장한 대중적 불신의 경로를 검토해 본다. 그리고 2018년 사회운동에 대한 보도 과정에서 노출된 프랑스 언론의 구조적 위기 - 경제적 위기, 디지털 전환과 경쟁 심화, 퀄리티 저하 - 가 실제 뉴스 생산의 작업 과정에 미친 영향 문제를 검토한다. 결론적으로 이 연구는 프랑스 언론을 향한 외적 충격(사회운동의 영향) 못지 않게, 저널리즘 제도 내부적인 균열의 다양한 양상들이 최근 프랑스 언론의 신뢰도 추락을 설명하는 핵심적인 요인임을 주장한다.