• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2007

In this paper, we extend the multiple time scale control framework to window-based congestion control, in particular, TCP. This is performed by interfacing TCP with a large time scale control module which adjusts the aggressiveness of bandwidth consumption behavior exhibited by TCP as a function of "large time scale" network state. i.e., conformation that exceeds the horizon of the feedback loop as determined by RTT. Performance evaluation of multiple time scale TCP is facilitated by a simulation bench-mark environment which is based on physical modeling of self-similar traffic. If source traffic is not extended exceeding, when RTT is 450ms, in self similar burst environment, performance gain of TCP-SSC is up to 45% for ${\alpha}$=1.05. However, its is acquired only 20% performance gain for ${\alpha}$=1.95 relatively. Therefore we showed that by TCP-MTS at large time scale into a rate-based feedback congestion control, we are able to improve two times performance significantly.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 2005

Background: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and opioid receptors are involved in the modulation of nociception. Although the opioid receptors agonists are active in pain, the effect of an phospodiesterase inhibitor (zaprinast) for increasing the level of cGMP has not been thoroughly investigated at the spinal level. This study examined the effects of intrathecal zaprinast and morphine in a nociceptive test and we also examined the nature of the pharmacological interaction after the coadministration of zaprinast with morphine. The role of the nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP-potassium channel pathway on the effect of zaprinast was further clarified. Methods: Catheters were inserted into the intrathecal space of male SD rats. For the induction of pain, $50{\mu}l$ of 5% formalin solution was applied to the hindpaw. Isobolographic analysis was used for the evaluation of the drug interaction between zaprinast and morphine. Furthermore, NO synthase inhibitor ($_L-NMMA$), guanylyl cyclase inhibitor (ODQ) or a potassium channel blocker (glibenclamide) were intrathecally administered to verify the involvement of the NO-cGMP- potassium channel pathway on the antinociception effect of zaprinast. Results: Both zaprinast and morphine produced an antinociceptive effect during phase 1 and phase 2 in the formalin test. Isobolographic analysis revealed a synergistic interaction after the intrathecal administration of the zaprinast-morphine mixture in both phases. Intrathecal $_L-NMMA$, ODQ and glibenclamide did not reverse the antinociception of zaprinast in either phase. Conclusions: These results suggest that zaprinast, morphine and the mixture of the two drugs are effective against acute pain and they facilitated pain state at the spinal level. Thus, the spinal combination of zaprinast with morphine may be useful for the management of pain. However, the NO-sensitive cGMP-potassium channel pathway did not contribute to the antinocieptive mechanism of zaprinast in the spinal cord.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2008

Background: Experimental evidence indicates that ginseng modulate the nociceptive transmission. Authors examined the role of adrenergic and cholinergic receptors on the antinociceptive action of Korean red ginseng against the formalin-induced pain at the spinal level. Methods: Catheters were inserted into the intrathecal space of male Sprague-DawIey rats. Fifty ${\mu}l$ of 5% formalin solution was injected to the hindpaw for induction of pain and formalin-induced pain (flinching response) was observed. The role of spinal adrenergic and cholinergic receptors on the effect of Korean red ginseng was assessed by antagonists (Prazosin, yohimbine, atropine and mecamylamine). Results: Intrathecal Korean red ginseng produced a dose-dependent suppression of the flinching response in the rat formalin test. All of prazosin, yohimbine, atropine and mecamylamine antagonized the antinociception of Korean red ginseng. Conclusions: Spinal Korean red ginseng is effective against acute pain and facilitated pain state evoked by formalin injection. All of alpha 1, alpha 2, muscarinic and nicotinic receptors may play an important role in the antinociceptive action of Korean red ginseng at the spinal level.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2002

As a functional additive for intestinal microflora, panose ($6^2-{\alpha}$-D-glucopyranosylmaltose) was synthesized during kimchi fermentation using the glucose transferring reaction of glucansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. For the glucose transferring reaction, sucrose and maltose were added ($2\%$ each, w/v) to dongchimi-kimchi as the glucosyl donor and acceptor molecule, respectively. After five days of incubation at $10^{\circ}C$, referring to the initial phase for the production of lactic acid in kimchi, over $60\%$ (w/v) of the total sugars were converted into panose and other branched oligosaccharides. Thereafter, the kimchi was stored at $4^{\circ}C$ and the amount of panose remained at a constant level for three weeks, thereby indicating the stability of panose to microbial degradation during the period of kimchi consumption. The use of maltose as the acceptor molecule in the kimchi also facilitated a lower viscosity in the kimchi-juice by preventing the synthesis of a dextran-like polymer which caused an unfavorable taste. Accordingly, the application of this new method of simultaneous biocatalytic synthesis of oligosaccharides during lactate fermentation should facilitate the extensive development of new function-added lactate foods.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.187-216
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• 2016

This study aims to identify the problems of the records disposition schedule of the college of education through transaction and records folder analysis. For these purpose, the study conducted a literature survey. Moreover, this study compared and analyzed the records classification system of the all college of education. In addition, we conducted an interview to the person in charge and gained the materials from the national archives in Korea thorough a request of information disclosure. It was found that problems in terms of practical side. Consequently, based on the analysis, the college of education have established and segmented the transactions properly. With the proposed system, records disposition schedule of the college of education can be facilitated.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1194-1201
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• 2003

Measurements of network traffic have shown that self-similarity is a ubiquitous phenomenon spanning across diverse network environments. We have advance the framework of multiple time scale congestion control and show its effectiveness at enhancing performance for fast TCP prototype control. In this paper, we extend the fast TCP prototype control framework to window-based congestion control, in particular, TCP. This is performed by interfacing TCP with a large time scale control module which adjusts the aggressiveness of bandwidth consumption behavior exhibited by TCP as a function of "large time scale" network state. i.e., conformation that exceeds the horizon of the feedback loop as determined by RTT. Performance evaluation of fast TCP prototype is facilitated by a simulation bench-mark environment which is based on physical modeling of self-similar traffic. We explicate out methodology for discerning and evaluating the impact of changes in transport protocols in the protocol stack under self-similar traffic conditions. We discuss issues arising in comparative performance evaluation under heavy-tailed workload. workload.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.35-44
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• 2002

Although GIS technology has been developed rapidly, the education system for GIS technology and its utilization has not been well facilitated in our society. Consequently, the economic value in GIS application system is not estimated properly in the public sector. On the other hand, industries currently suffer lack of technocrats or researchers to develop GIS. In addition, the demand for GIS education on its concept and know-how has increased drastically as GIS analytic technology has come to be applied to more varified fields. Under these circumstances, this study researched and analyzed the current state of GIS education in the public, private and academic sectors in Korea. Furthermore, it recommended improving the educational environment for GIS experts training based on the results of the questionnaire used in the survey. Most of all, the national investment should be conducted systematically in order to improve quality of education in the public, private and academic sectors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.457-465
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• 1995

The purpose of the present study is to identify potentially hazardous factors which can contribute to the outbreak of foodborne disease and to represent more practical management methods in terms of environmental sanitation and facilities for the kitchen. 230 Korean-style restaurants in Seoul were assessed and analyzed by the restaurant total area. Facilities and sanitary check-lists were developed to evaluate the facilities and sanitary conditions of sampled restaurants. The sanitary condition of kitchen, guest room and other area were assessed by the sanitary score. The basic cooking machinery and utensil were properly facilitated but automation machinery were equiped below 10% sampled restaurants. The kitchen area were not properly sufficient to total area. Sanitary condition of kitchen, guest room, cooking appliance and stored foods were evaluated as the unsatisfactory state with potentially hazardous. Concrete guidelines should be made in terms of following item; establishment for the kitchen space expansion, facilities for the improvement of the working environment and sanitary condition of foods cooked. Additionaly, it need to practice the effective education and training program for the foodservice manager and employees.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.6B
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• pp.575-583
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• 2004

In this paper, we extend the multiple time scale control framework to the window-based congestion control, in particular, such as the TCP. This is performed by interfacing the TCP with a large time scale control module which adjusts the aggressiveness of the bandwidth consumption behavior exhibited by the TCP as a function of large time scale Self-Similar network state. i.e., conformation that exceeds the horizon of the feedback loop as determined by the RTT. How to effectively utilize such an information-due to its probabilistic nature, dispersion over the multiple time scales, and affection on the top of the existing window-based congestion controls-is a non-trivial problem. The evaluation performance of the multiple time scale TCP is facilitated by a simulation of the bench-mark environment which is based on the physical modeling of a self-similar traffic. We explicate our methodology for discerning and evaluating the impact of changes in transport protocols in the protocol stack under the self-similar traffic conditions. We discuss issues arising in the comparative performance evaluation under heavy-tailed workloads.

• KSCI Review
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2003

Along with trends of other countries, the Ministry of Information and Communication in Korea decided to operate an Information System Audit Institution for raising qualify of computer network facilitated in state organ and public institution, and to construct effective construction of information system. The aim of the audit institution is applying it to public information business, establishing an information system audit qualification system, and upbringing Private audit organs. The Ministry of Information and Communication realized that although the demand of information system area audit is explosively expanding, the National Computerization Agency cannot satisfies the demand and realize to have audit control for the information of national business as well. The Ministry of Information and Communication plan to enforce the audit on public information business by correlate with information business. The ministry enforce that the supervisory company has major roll to audit and national import business decided by the Information Promotion Committee is subject to have audit control. Therefore, in this paper, the contents of internal audit among internal/external audit will be presented.