• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.475-486
• /
• 2020

This paper is a thesis on media art technology for high-tech performances and exhibitions. After creating an interactive stroke in VR, it is projected in real time through a media facade technique. Among our traditional dramas emphasizing linear movements, movements were extracted from the Bongsan mask dance, and the movements of the lines were used in a media art performance called 'Multi-face Convergence'. When motion data enters the virtual space, geometry consisting of faces is created in the VR space. The created strokes can be set with various brush types, and when performing, a stroke with a red fire effect that matches a dynamic movement was used. It was made to be able to harmonize with the dancers performing the Bongsan mask dance. The medium called VR has characteristics that are not suitable for melting into a performance, but in this performance, it has overcome its limitations by using a technique called media façade. We propose the world's first performance technique that combines interactive strokes with traditional dance performances.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we study the RF characteristics of the short wavelength thin-film transmission line employing microstrip line (ML)/coplanar waveguide (CPW) composite structure on silicon substrate for application to RFIC (radio frequency integrated circuit). The thin-film transmission line employing ML/CPW composite structure showed a wavelength shorter than conventional transmission lines. Concretely, at 10 GHz, the wavelength of the transmission line employing ML/CPW composite structure was 6.26 mm, which was 60.5 % of the conventional coplanar waveguide. We also extracted the bandwidth characteristic of the transmission line employing ML/CPW composite structure using equivalent circuit analysis. The S parameter of the equivalent circuit showed a good agreement with measured result. According to the bandwidth extraction result, the cut-off frequency of thin-film transmission line employing ML/CPW composite structure was 377 GHz. Above results indicate that the transmission line employing ML/CPW composite structure can be effectively used for application to broadband and compact RFIC.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.254-259
• /
• 2020

Grifola frondosa is a promising new kind of cultivated mushroom owing to its excellent taste and functionality. However, more research is required to determine its value. In this study, the effects of pretreating Grifola frondosa tea by drying, steaming, and warming, on quality characteristics and antioxidant activities were analyzed. There was no difference in sugar, soluble solid, and nitrogen content between dried and steamed tea. The color of the warm pretreated tea was the darkest, and the amino acid content was 462.9 mg/L, which was 1.8 times higher than that of the other pretreatments. Moreover, the warm pretreated tea had the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid content, 14.6 mg/g and 2.2 mg/g, respectively. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities significantly increased with the increase of phenolic compounds. Warming pre-treatment slightly increased the taste preference to 7.0. In conclusion, warming Grifola frondosa before drying was confirmed to improve the extraction of nutrients, antioxidants, and taste preference.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to detect expression of genes related to egg production in Taiwan Country chickens by suppression subtractive hybridization. Liver samples of mRNA extraction from two Taiwan Country chicken strains (L2 and B), originated from the same population but with very distinct egg production rates after long-term selection for egg and meat production respectively. Two-way subtraction was performed. The hepatic cDNA from the low egg production chickens (B) was subtracted from the hepatic cDNA from the high egg production strain (L2). The reversed subtraction (L2 from B) was also performed. The resulting differentially expressed gene fragments were cloned and sequenced. We sequenced 288 clones from the forward subtraction and 96 clones from the reverse subtraction. These genes were subjected to further screening to confirm the differential expression between the two genetic breeds of chickens. The apolipoprotein B (apoB) was expressed to a greater extent in the liver of the L2 than in the B line chickens. The 5-aminoimidazole- 4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (PURH) was expressed to a greater extent in the liver of the B than in the L2 strain chickens. We demonstrated that both apoB and PURH were more highly expressed in the liver than that in other tissues (muscle, ovary, and oviduct) in laying Taiwan Country chickens. Taken together, these data suggest that after the selection for egg production, expression of apoB and PURH genes were also changed. Whether the changed expression of these genes is directly related to egg production is not known, but these two genes may be useful markers for egg laying performance in Taiwan Country chickens.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.3341-3355
• /
• 2016

Background: A recent WHO data report on mortality attributable to tobacco use including cigarette smoking indicated a very high burden of deaths in Asia and that people often initiate smoking as early as young adolescents. The objectives of this study were to systematically review peer-reviewed articles on cigarette smoking initiation among Asian adolescents and to develop a conceptual model of factors influencing smoking initiation by integrating all relevant factors based on existing data. Materials and Methods: Following a PRISMA guideline, a systematic review of articles published between 2005 and June 2015 was conducted using 5 databases on cigarette smoking initiation among adolescents (aged 10-19 years) living in Asia. We summarized the main findings of each study according to our research questions and data that emerged during the data extraction process. Analysis and categorization were based on the TTI and TPB models and classification of factors extracted from the study, were as follows: personal factors, social factors, broader environmental factors, mediators, and intention to initiate smoking and smoking behavior. Results: Of 1,227 identified studies, only 20 were included in this review. Our findings found that the mean age of cigarette smoking initiation ranged from 10 to 14 years and those who are more likely to initiate smoking are male, older adolescents, adolescents with low parental SES, individuals with low parental monitoring, low parental education level and having no discussion on smoking at home, those living in public housing and those exhibiting health-risk behavior. Our study also revealed that the risk of smoking initiation increased when they are exposed to smokers, influenced by peers, exposed to tobacco advertisements, receive pocket money, have lack of knowledge about smoking, have poor school performance, have a family conflict and have psychological problems. The conceptual model developed demonstrated complex networks of factors influencing initiation. Conclusions: This systematic review presents various factors influencing smoking initiation of the Asian adolescents and provides a conceptual framework to further analyze factors. Future studies should have a standard measure of smoking initiation, should analyze interactions and the intensity of relationships between different factors or variables in the conceptual model. This will in turn consolidate the understanding of the different factors affecting smoking initiation and will help to improve interventions in this area.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.102-111
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the optimal conditions of collagen extraction from scales of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) using surface response methodology. Four independent variables of NaOH concentration and pretreatment fime in alkali pretreatment and enzyme concentration and treatment time in enzyme hydrolysis were used to predict a model equation for the collagen yield. The determinant coefficient ($R^2$) for the equation was 0.906. The values of the independent variables for the maximum yield were 0.32 N NaOH, 16.38 h alkali pretreatment time, 0.18% enzyme concentration, and 31.02 h enzyme treatment time. In the physicochemical properties of tuna scale collagen, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of tuna scale collagen showed the same migration distances as that of calf skin collagen. The amide A, I, II, and III regions of tuna scale collagen in Fourier transform infrared measurements were shown in the peaks of 3,414 $cm^{-1}$, 1,645 $cm^{-1}$, 1,553 $cm^{-1}$, and 1,247 $cm^{-1}$, respectively. The amount of imino acids in tuna scale collagen was 18.97% and the collagen denaturation temperature was $33^{\circ}C$. The collagen solubility as a function of NaCl concentration decreased to 4% NaCl (w/v) and the collagen solubility as a function of pH was high at pH 2-4 and sharply decreased from pH 4 to pH 7. Viscosity of the collagen solution decreased continuously until $30^{\circ}C$ and this decreasing rate slowed in the temperature range of $35-50^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.103-109
• /
• 2007

Ortho images and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) have been applied in various fields. It is necessary to acquire Ground Control Points (GCPs) for processing high resolution satellite images. However surveying GCPs require many time and expense. This study was performed to investigate whether GCPs automatically extracted from ortho images and DTED Level 2 can be applied to sensor modeling for high resolution satellite images. We analyzed the performance of the sensor model established by GCPs extracted automatically. We acquired GCPs by matching satellite image against ortho images. We included the height acquired from DTED Level 2 data in these GCPs. The spatial resolution of the DTED Level 2 data is about 30m. Absolution accuracy of this data is below 18m above MSL. The spatial resolution of ortho image is 1m. We established sensor model from IKONOS images using GCPs extracted automatically and generated DEMs from the images. The accuracy of sensor modeling is about $4{\sim}5$ pixel. We also established sensor models using GCPs acquired based on GPS surveying and generated DEMs. Two DEMs were similar. The RMSE of height from the DEM by automatic GCPs and DTED Level 2 is about 9 m. So we think that GCPs by DTED Level 2 and ortho image can use for IKONOS sensor modeling.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.11 no.8
• /
• pp.247-259
• /
• 2011

It is necessary to collect, manage and standardize defense and technology terminologies which are used by defense-related agencies in the field of national defense science and technology. The standardization of terminology dictionary can eliminate confusion about terminology and increase accessibility for the terminology by offline and online services. This study focuses on building national defense science and technology terminologies, publishing dictionary including them, and improving information analysis in defense area. as well as take advantage of offline and online services for easy accessibility for the terminology. Based on the results of this study, the terminology data will be used as follows; 1) Defence science and technology terminology databases and its publication. 2) Information analysis in military fields. 3) Multilingual information analysis translated terms in the thesauri. 4) Verification on the consistency of information processing. 5) Language resources for terminology extraction.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2002

Objectives: Hwangryunhaedok-tang (Huang-lian-jie-du-tang, HRHDT, 黃連解毒湯) is a traditional Korean herbal medicine that is formulated with Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Scutellariae Radix and Gardeniae Fructus. HRHDT is cold (寒) and bitter (苦) in nature and has general properties of clearing heat and detoxifying (淸熱解毒), strengthening the stomach and settling the liver (健胃平肝), and reducing inflammation, fever and swelling. This formula can prevent and treat artherosclerosis, hyperplasia of the endothelium, cerebral fluid circulation, cerebral vascular deterioration through aging, impairment of neurotransmitters, or disruption of the functioning of the cerebral cortex following infection or trauma. The purpose of the study reported here was to determine the neuroprotective effect of HRHDT on global ischemia induced by 4-vessel occlusion in Wistar rats. Methods: HRHDT extract was lyophilized after extraction with 85% methanol and 100% water. Rats were induced to 10 minutes of forebrain ischemia by 4-vessel occlusion (4-VO) and reperfused again. HRHDT was administered with a dose of 100 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg of 85% methanol extracts and 100 mg/kg of 100% water extracts, respectively, at 0 min and 90 min after 4-VO. Rats were killed at 7 days after ischemia and the number of CA1 pyramidal neurons was counted in hippocampal sections stained with cresyl violet. Results: Body temperature of animals showed no significant difference between saline-treated groups and HRHDT extracts-treated groups until 5 hours of reperfusion. This result indicated that neuroprotective effects of HRHDT extracts were not due to hypothermic effects. The administration of HRHDT showed a significant neuroprotective effect on hippocampal CA1 neurons at 7 days after ischemia compared to the saline-treated group (P<0.001). HRHDT methanol extracts of 100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and HRHDT water extracts of 100 mg/kg showed 88.5%, 98.3% and 95.1 % neuroprotection, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that administration of HRHDT is highly effective in reducing neuronal damage in response to transient global cerebral ischemia. HRHDT may involve many mechanisms that might account for its high degree of efficacy. A number of factors including free radicals, glutamate, calcium overload, NO, and various cytokines have been proposed to have an important role in causing neuronal death after short periods of global ischemia. Further studies are needed to know the neuroprotective mechanisms of HRHDT.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.108-115
• /
• 2015

Vinca alkaloid compounds including vincamine from Vinca minor L. have been extracted by ethanol and hot water extraction methods. Antimicrobial properties of those extracts have been investigated against dandruff causing microorganism Malassezia furfur, yeast, Gram positive and negative bacteria. Vincamine standard and ethanol extract showed no sign of antimicrobial activity, whereas hot-water extract had the activity against M. furfur. Furthermore hot water extract had antimicrobial activity against Gram positive Bacillus sp. and Gram negative Escherichia coli. Cytotoxic properties of those extracts have also been investigated with HaCaT cell (human keratinocyte), HT-29 cell (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell) and Raw cell, showing no significant cytotoxic effects. We also measured the ROS using dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA), a popular fluorescence-based probe for reactive oxygen species detection. The result showed the increasement of reactive oxygen species formation (20%) in HaCaT and HT-29 cell lines.