• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.934-941
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the effect of family type on the nutrient intake and nutritional status in elderly women. Blood samples and anthropometric data of elderly women aged from 60 to 78 years were collected in 1996, who visited a health examination center in Seoul to screen their health status. They were divided into two groups by their family type, one was extended family(extended family elderly, n=37) and the other was independently living(independently living, n=29). Nutrients intake was measured by interview using a simplified questionaire. Albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride(TG), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit, Ca, Mg, and alkaline phosphatase activity of serum were analyzed. Intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, Fe, vitamin A, niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin C were not different between the two groups. However, fat and Ca intakes were higher(p<0.05) in extended family elderly than indepen dently living elderly. There are no significant difference in hematocrit value and serum concentrations of Hb, TG, and Ca. Serum Mg and cholesterol levels tended to be higher in extended family elderly. However, serum albumin level was lower(p<0.05) in extended family elderly. These results show that the indepen dently living elderly women had intakes of daily energy, fat and Ca compared to the extended family elderly. Therefore, the nutritional education for the independently living elderly will be focused on the health risk resulted from less intakes of Ca and total energy.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.307-315
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• 2000

The aim to this study was to investigated the effects of family type on the health-related behaviors, food behaviors, and nutrient adequacy ratio of the elderly. Studies were performed on 109 home-bound elderly in a rural area of Asan city, in 1996. Subjects were divided into two groups by their family type, one was single-elderly family(n=58) and the other was extended family(n=51). The results obtained by questionaires and personal interviews as follows. 1) The average age 68.6. They served in primary industry, and 89.1% of responders received less than a primary school education. There was no significant difference by family type. 2) Single-elderly family members themselves felt more negative about their health than extended family members. 3)Each nutrient adequacy ratio of single-elderly family/extended family members was 0.72/0.76 of energy, 0.73/0.76 of protein, 0.59/0.66 of Ca, 0.98/0.99 of Fe, 0.62/0.74 of vitamin A, 0.86/0.87 of thiamin, 0.72/0.73 of riboflavin, 0.71/0.77 of niacin, 0.90/0.91 of ascorbic acid, and 0.76/0.80 of Mar. The NAR of vitamin A of the single-elderly family members was significantly lower than for extended family members(p〈0.05). Energy, protein, Ca, vitamin A, riboflavin showed insufficient intake for both groups. The percentage of INQ〈1 of the single-elderly family/extended family members was 45.6/51.0 of protein, 66.7/66.7 of Ca, 64.9/56.9 of vitamin A. By NAR and INQ, the most insufficient nutrient to the elderly in this rural area was Ca. We there for suggest that it is needed for elderly in rural areas to receive of food that is higher ING of Ca.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.103-103
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• 1999

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.455-485
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• 2016

The purpose of this research is to investigate adult's perception of elderly parents care and differences of related variables between family structures. There were 1,258 participants(age 45; male=601, female=657; 1,111=nuclear, 147=extended). The measures yielded Cronbach α=.67~.95, inter-judger reliability= 95.1%, Kappa=.95. The results showed that, first, there were no significant differences between two family structures in terms of SES excepting academic career. Second, there were significant differences between two family structures in family relation, psychological characteristics. That is, adults in the extended family, versus those in the nuclear family, provide greater emotional support to children, sacrificed more towards children, and have greater expectations for children supporting them when they retire. Also, adults in the extended family displayed greater self-efficacy and happiness. Third, there were significant differences between two family structures in caring for elderly parents. Adults in the extended family apportioned a greater parent's allowance, and more number of meals with parents, and spent more time talking with parents, and displayed greater degree of filial piety and more caring behavior towards parents. Fourth, as for the perception of caring for elderly parents according to family structure, when adults were asked about "the best way to care for parents", the most frequent response was providing a peace-of-mind for parents. As for "the most difficult aspect of caring for parents", differences in opinions followed by financial difficulty were the most. As for "the best aspects of caring for parents", the most frequent responses were good for children's upbringing and family harmony. Based on the results, suggestions for further research have been discussed.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1993.09a
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• pp.13-20
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• 1993

In Korea, the elderly support has been accomplished by the families in the extended family system with the influence of the transmigration and the confucianism thought. But in Korea the drastic changes of society such as, the growth of the elderly pollution, the urbanization, the decrease of the birth rate, the increase of the working women, the growth of the nuclear families, etc., make the family difficult to take care of the elderly. Therefore, some people insist on the construction of the elderly home as the way to solve the elderly problems and some of corporations including profit-organizations are ready to participate the construction of the elderly home. They force the change of the current social security law because it is impossible to carry out the plans uncer the law. At this point, the conditions of the elderly home in Japan which is geographically close to Korea and has facillicated the elderly home business were examined at the consumer perspectives. The purpose of this study were to consider the possible problems in the elderly home and to prevent from happening another elderly problems in the future.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.495-502
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• 2003

Purpose. This ethnography is aimed at describing the care-giving practices of the nuclear family and relatives of the elderly within a clan village in relation to their socio-cultural context. Four basic notions of the study came from Leininger's culture care theory and the nurse-client negotiation model of Anderson. In order to understand the cultural system of caring, the following questions were explored: What caring behaviors are performed for the elderly person in a clan and how do these behavior relate to the various components of that particular culture\ulcorner Method. Data for this study was gathered through twenty-one fieldwork expeditions between September 1994 and December 2002 using interviews and participant observation of 7 families drown from two extended families. Data was analyzed using the techniques of taxonomy, value, and proxemics analysis. Findings. The socio-cultural context of caring for elderly people, their caring values, and four categories of caring were explored. Values of caring and every day life in the clan were hierarchical, reciprocal, and collective. The four categories of caring were: being with, empowering, keeping territory, and enhancing spirituality. Conclusions. The results of this study can be used to understand culture-specific care and to provide culturally congruent care for the elderly in a clinical setting.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.146-154
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• 2002

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of household type on the health- and food-related behavior of the elderly. The survey was conducted on 304 free-living elderly persons in Chun-Chon city in 1999. The subjects were divided into three groups by their household types : living alone (n=35), living with their spouses (n=59), and living with their extended family (n=191). The results were obtained by personal interviews using questionnaires. Compared to the group living with their spouses and/or extended families, the elderly living alone were : less satisfied with the amount of monthly pocket money available; less involved in social activities; taking less vitamin supplements; doing less physical exercise; more frequently skipping meals and dining out; less frequently consuming meats, vegetables, fruits and seaweed; and having the highest rate of depression. The elderly living with their spouses tended to have the best physical functions and the greatest ability to carry out basic daily activities. The elderly living with their extended families had a higher incidence of diseases compared to the other groups. The preferred snacks were cookies for the elderly living alone, and fruits for the other two groups. In summary, it has been shown that household type should be taken into consideration for formulating adequate future strategies for effective health and nutrition programs.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2005

Recently there has been increasing the population of the elderly, the welfare of the elderly is no longer family's and personal problems. It is a social issue that the communities have a role to supply the systematic welfare service of the elderly and the facilities. Therefore It is needed to study the extended function and role of Gyungrodang because Gyungrodang is the most wide spreaded welfare service facilities for the normal elderly in urban single housing district. The subject of this study is to propose the facilities' program improvement method for the Gyungrodang that hold a extended role as a community welfare service facility for the elderly. This paper Is assessed as an sustainable research of normalization of the old people's living. By the comparison analysis of the existing Gyungrodang in Daejeon City and the investigation results of the welfare service present condition of the elderly in Daejeon City, finally the facilities' program improvement direction for the Gyungrodang is proposed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-28
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to provide the information needed for improving the elderly housing education and the elderly housing contents of Technology and Home Economics textbook. Thus, the elderly housing contents of current Technology and Home Economics textbook were categorized. Then, a total of 233 teachers were surveyed to examine their importance perception on the elderly housing contents. Elderly housing contents were grouped into S categories, each of which was named 'safety and safety management', 'room plan for the elderly', 'shrinking stage in family life cycle and dependency stage in housing life cycle','a house for 3-generation extended family', and 'universal design'. Teachers' importance perception was generally high for 'safety and safety management' and especially for 'safety and safety management' of bathroom(protection against slippery floor, safety bar, the appropriate position and height of shower, bathtub, and wash stand) ; the basic guidelines of 'room plan for the elderly'(emergency call, closely located bathroom, flat and non-slippery floor) ; the general guidelines during shrinking stage in family life cycle and dependency stage in housing life cycle'(protection equipments against safety accident, emergency call, flat and non-slippery floor) ; independent life among 3-generation extended family members(bathroom for the elderly, space plan for independent life among extended family members) ; the basic design guidelines of universal design(safety bar in bathroom, flat floor) and the guidelines of universal design which were especially helpful for wheelchair users(enough empty space in front of door and in corridor, wide door and corridor). Recommendations for the elderly housing education and the elderly housing contents of Technology and Home Economics textbook were that 'emergency call','safety bar in bathroom' and 'flat and non-slippery floor' were the most basic guidelines for elderly housing; that 'enough empty space in front of door and in corridor', 'wide door and corridor', 'low and wide steps', 'ramp for wheelchair users' and 'D-type or lever-type door handle' were most recommendable guidelines for universal design; that 'need for elderly housing', 'types of elderly housing', 'alternatives and choices of dependency stage in housing life cycle' and 'house plans for shrinking stage in family life cycle' were required guidelines for increasing elderly-only family.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.62
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• pp.71-102
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to enrich our understanding of the family utilizing childcare by grandmothers and the elderly women by examining the experience of grandmothers who refused to support raising their grandchildren. The researcher focused on grandmothers who have been in charge of caring the family in the main and tried to explore the reasons for their decision not to take care of their grandchildren. For the purpose, Research participants were seven elderly women who have refused raising of their grand-children. Data were collected by in-depth interview and analyzed based on the phenomenological method. As results, it turned out that the elderly women refused caring of their grandchildren due to the burden of parenting and the rejection of an extended mother role, and the fear of family conflicts, but they felt sorry about their refusal of a request for caring support from their adult children. Second. these decisions caused various dynamics of the family members, and they were experiencing psychological difficulties. Third, elderly women perceived raising of grandchildren as a task of adult children or a problem for which the society should be accountable, and felt that the family and the society have shifted the responsibility to them. This research result confirms that a new generation of the elderly women have emerged who have different viewpoints on caregiving. It also presents a necessity to reflect the viewpoints of elderly who are mainly concerned when establishing a policy of caregiving. Based on this finding, this study also presents implications regarding support for family utilizing childcare by grandmothers and support for the elderly women.