• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2011

Purpose: As anger may be strongly related to stroke, this study examined the relationship between anger expression style (anger-in, anger-out, anger-control) and risk factors for stroke to investigate the possible attribution of anger expression style to stroke incidence. Methods: The cross sectional study design was employed. The 291 participants signed consent forms and completed questionnaires including the anger expression style scales and risk factors for stroke. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and One-way ANOVA. Results: The highest score among anger expression styles of the participants was from anger-control. Participants with higher mean value of anger-out were current non-smokers, doing regular exercise, having scores above 23 in Body Mass Index, having scores above 90 cm (male) or 80 cm (female) in abdominal circumference, and having scores below 85 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure. Participants with more than 5 risk factors to stroke had the highest score of anger-in. Conclusion: The results of this study implied anger expression style was psychological risk factor for stroke. Further studies to differentiate the anger expression style contributing to the risk of stroke are needed with a longitudinal study design.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.265-271
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• 2013

Treatments of vascular disease via modulating the expression of specific proteins by gene transfer have been attempted in various studies over the past few years. Among several methods to deliver genes, adenovirus currently has been used because of a number of positive aspects. In this study, we test adenoviral vector as a potential mediator in the treatment of vascular disease by using freshly isolated vascular tissues not cultured vascular cells. Freshly isolated vascular tissues were directly exposed to adenoviral vector pAd5CMVmcsIRESeGFPpA to check the possibility of GFP expression in different layer of vascular tissues. We found that the GFP expression by using adenoviral vector experiments is mainly focused on the adventitia and failed to detect GFP expression at endothelial layer or vascular smooth muscle layer in vascular tissues. However, we also found that several integrin receptors are robustly expressed in vascular smooth muscle, thus the limited expression of protein in vascular smooth muscle are not likely the lack of integrin receptors. In conclusion, adenovirus could not be a good tool for a specific protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cell. Thus, the application of adenovirus as a tool for gene therapy of vascular smooth muscle cells in clinical therapeutic trial need to be optimized further.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.707-711
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• 2007

Microarray gene expression data is believed to show the functions of living organism through the gene expression values. We have studied a method to get the informative genes from the microarray gene expression data. There are several ways for this. In recent researches to get more sophisticated and detailed results, it has used the intelligence information theory like fuzzy theory. Some methods are to add fudge factors to the significance test for more refined results. In this paper, we suggest a method to get informative genes from microarray gene expression data. We combined the difference of means between two groups and the fuzzy membership degree which reflects the variance of the gene expression data. We have called our significance test the Fuzzy Information method for Gene Expression data(FIGER). The FIGER calculates FIGER variation ratio and FIGER membership degree to show how strongly each object belongs to the each group and then it results in the significance degree of each gene. The FIGER is focused on the variation and distribution of the data set to adjust the significance level. Out simulation shows that the FIGER-test is an effective and useful significance test.

• International journal of thyroidology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.152-159
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• 2018

Background and Objectives: Sodium-iodine symporter (NIS) is a marker for the degree of differentiation in thyroid cancer. The genetic factors or microenvironment surrounding tumors can affect transcription of NIS. In this study, we investigated the NIS mRNA expression according to mutational status and coexistent lymphocytic thyroiditis in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Materials and Methods: The RNA expression levels of NIS in the samples from database of The Caner Genome Atlas (TCGA; n=494) and our institute (n=125) were analyzed. Results: The PTCs with the $BRAF^{V600E}$ mutation and the coexistence of $BRAF^{V600E}$ and TERT promoter mutations showed significantly lower expression of NIS (p<0.001, respectively), and those with BRAF-like molecular subtype also had reduced expression of NIS (p<0.001). NIS expression showed a positive correlation with thyroid differentiation score (r=0.593, p<0.001) and negative correlations with expressions of genes involved in ERK signaling (r=-0.164, p<0.001) and GLUT-1 gene (r=-0.204, p<0.001). The PTCs with lymphocytic thyroiditis showed significantly higher NIS expression (p=0.013), regardless of mutational status. Conclusion: The NIS expression was reduced by the $BRAF^{V600E}$ mutation and MAPK/ERK pathway activation, but restored by the presence of lymphocytic thyroiditis.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1436-1443
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to differences in the expression rate of Porphyromonas gingivalis according to smoking status, smoking amount and period of smoking. Methods: At the time of investigation, 30 smokers and non-smokers were recruited among patients with periodontitis with a probing pocket depth(PPD) of 4 mm or more. General information was collected using a self-questionnaire, and the average value was used by a dentist to measure the probing pocket depth of three times each for the first or second molar. Plaque collection and analysis were performed by collecting only subgingival plaque using a conventional method, and the expression rate of P. gingivalis was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For statistical analysis, the SPSS Ver 25.0 program was used. Results: Smoking did not have a significant effect on the expression of P. gingivalis, but it did affect the expression of more type II genotypes (p<0.05). In addition, smokers had more slight periodontal pocket, and the amount and duration of smoking did not affect the expression of P. gingivalis. Conclusions: In the future, it is necessary to reinforce the group of smokers and non-smokers with healthy oral conditions, and to investigate the quantitative difference in the expression rate and genotype of P. gingivalis over time of harmful substances in smoking.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.652-662
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• 2023

Identifying highly discriminating genes is a critical step in tumor recognition tasks based on microarray gene expression profile data and machine learning. Gene selection based on tree models has been the subject of several studies. However, these methods are based on a single-tree model, often not robust to ultra-highdimensional microarray datasets, resulting in the loss of useful information and unsatisfactory classification accuracy. Motivated by the limitations of single-tree-based gene selection, in this study, ensemble gene selection methods based on multiple-tree models were studied to improve the classification performance of tumor identification. Specifically, we selected the three most representative tree models: ID3, random forest, and gradient boosting decision tree. Each tree model selects top-n genes from the microarray dataset based on its intrinsic mechanism. Subsequently, three ensemble gene selection methods were investigated, namely multipletree model intersection, multiple-tree module union, and multiple-tree module cross-union, were investigated. Experimental results on five benchmark public microarray gene expression datasets proved that the multiple tree module union is significantly superior to gene selection based on a single tree model and other competitive gene selection methods in classification accuracy.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.237-243
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• 2004

Background: The normal functions of the cell cycle inhibitor p16INK4a are frequently inactivated in many human cancers. Over 80% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases lack a functional p16/Rb pathway. p16/Rb pathway, as well as p53 pathway, is considered as one of key components of tumor suppression. Methods: To study the roles of p16INK4a in HCC, a stable cell line expressing exogenous p16 was generated from SNU-449 hepatocellular carcinoma cells lacking endogenous p16, and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was performed in parallel with the control cells. Results: 1) SSH identifies fibronectin (FN1), crystallin ${\alpha}B$ (CRYAB), Rac1, WASP, RhoGEF, and CCT3 as differentially-expressed genes. 2) Among the selected genes, the up-regulation of FN1 and CRYAB was confirmed by Northern blot, RT-PCR and by proteomic methods. Conclusion: These genes are likely to be associated with the induction of stress fiber and stabilization of cytoskeleton. Further studies are required to clarify the possible role of p16 in the signal transduction pathway.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.137-143
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• 2007

Objectives : Catalpa ovata G. Don (Bignoniaceae) has been shown to possess a variety of pharmacological activities. However, the effect of Catalpa ovata G. Don on endothelial adhesion molecule expression has not been reported. Methods : To examine the effect of Catalpa ovata G. Don on the expression of adhesion molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), we used various methods such as Western blot analysis, reverse tranascription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and luciferase activity assay. Results : 1. The extract of Catalpa ovata G. Don inhibited the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in HUVECs stimulated with TNF-${\alpha}$. 2. The extract of Catalpa ovata G. Don reduced TNF-${\alpha}$-induced adhesion of leukocytes to HUVECs. 3. In addition, The extract of Catalpa ovata G. Don inhibited the promoter activities of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Conclusions : These results that Catalpa ovata G. Don may be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory such as atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.6
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• pp.267-287
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• 2004

The study of a new expression within Korean ink painting that meets the demands of the times has continued, resulting in various expressions with acrylics, handycoat, objects and installations, crossing over from traditional Korean painting techniques. A 'margin' was both a very important space and esthetical matter that expresses 'Ki', 'Distance', and 'Omission' in traditional sense when addressing Korean ink painting Its expression methods and concepts, however, have changed today. A 'margin' through Montage technique can be a significant example in understanding the expression methods of today's Korean ink painting. This is because the margins in Montage make the meaning of the work various and flourished and deeply construct the surface with a double-layered structure, instead of using a single layer. These 'margins' created by Montage are spaces where different images conflict, divide and continue with each other and where a reconciliation between different spaces is accomplished. Furthermore, they establish more vitality and truthfulness to life through both the images conflict and reconciliation. After the adoption of Post-modernism Art in Korean ink painting, the characteristics of the 'margin' in Montage style by the division of surface are an 'acceptant's participatory imaginative space'; where viewers fill the margins with their imaginations ; an 'abandoned space' ; where unnecessary parts are deleted for more live surface ; and a 'strategic space', where the work enriches the structure and contents of surface by using margins strategically.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.396-407
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• 2011

Various media are expanding the fantastic expression methods and sphere wider than now. As an intermediate for expressing fully self-desires, fashion of the day has surfacing an important concept called fantastic that does not exist and surpasses reality in expressing the ideal body of a desiring body. Goth and cospre are personal expressions of movie costumes that visualize virtual reality as representative of fantastic fashions. The fantastic is a modem concept putting together SF, fantasy, magical realism, fable, and surrealism. Studies in fashion fields related to fantastic have treated fantastic illiberally and peripherally owing to the centering on the SF genre or fantasy. The thesis that dealt with an important fashion as an external favorite as well as the socio-cultural contents of the expressed body in genre expression remains inadequate. In research methods, this study carried out theoretical reviews on the concept and characteristic of the fantastic through literature data that includes local and international theoretical books, monographs, and dissertations that are related to the fantastic. The experimental analysis was executed by collecting fashion works shown after 2000 and included in special fashion editions, collection magazines, Internet materials, and monographs. The results show that the categorization of expression characteristic (according to fantastic spheres) appeared as 5 kinds such as uncanny borderline, cyborg grotesque, heroic superman, myth allegory, and unconscious meaninglessness.