• 무역학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze how Korea's exports amount changed due to COVID-19 and what factors played a role in these changes. We analyze Korea's exports with 40 countries around the world. In analyzing the impact of COVID-19, we estimate the gravity model using international trade data for five years from 2015 to 2019 and and compare the results with those for 2020. Several factors such as mortality, quarantine intensity, industry characteristics are considered for the analysis. The following results were obtained. First, as a whole, exports of Korea decreased significantly to countries with strong containment measures. In addition, Korea's exports (increase further) or decrease less to countries with a large number of deaths and confirmed cases in importing countries. Second, these results were similar in the major industries, classified by HS two units. Exports to countries with strong containment decreased a lot while exports decreased less to the countries with severe COVID19 (based on the number of deaths or confirmed cases). Third, however, different results were obtained in the analysis of reagents and vaccines, which are detailed items directly related to COVID-19. Rather, the degree of containment does not matter for these items, and it seems that Korea exported more to countries to more severe Corona countries.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.90-106
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 농식품 수출의 상품별 동향과 수출 관문별 특징을 밝히고, 농식품 수출 활성화를 위한 관문의 성장 방향에 대한 시사점을 제시하는 것이다. 지난 17년 동안 우리나라 농식품 수출은 가공식품 중심으로 규모가 확대되었고, 수위 수출 관문으로서 부산항의 위상은 압도적이다. 이러한 사실을 바탕으로 의사결정나무(CART) 분석을 통해 부산항 곡물 가공식품 수출에 영향을 미치는 결정요인을 파악한 결과 지향지의 GDP, 우리나라와 상대국과의 거리, 1인당 GNI가 부산항 가공식품 수출 규모의 평균을 최대한 잘 예측해주는 변수의 집합으로 나타났다. 수출 대상국은 8개의 집단으로 분류되었고, 이는 유형별 특성에 따른 농식품 수출 활성화 전략에 대한 유용한 정보를 제공해준다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2022

This paper examines the effects of export subsidies on agricultural food exports, focusing on a case of Gyeongsangbuk-do. Using monthly data of agricultural food exports during 2007-2020 and the GLS regression analysis, we test the hypothesis whether the export subsidies would increase the exports of four major agri-food categories with three digit codes of HS such as fruits, vegetables, flowers, and mushrooms. Evidence shows that the export subsidies had statistically significant impacts on the agri-food exports except flowers. In order to test the robustness of the analysis, the agri-food export subsidies are reclassified into four sub-subsidy policies, and the analysis re-examines the effects of the sub-subsidies on agri-food exports. It shows that export policies for production stabilization, logistics, and overseas marketing promote the exports of agri-foods significantly. Alternative export policies are drawn in this study since the existing subsidies conflict with the WTO agricultural agreement.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-67
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• 2024

This paper analyses carbon emissions and value-added embodied in trade between two large developed countries, South Korea and the United States, during 2000-2014. Using multi-regional input-output (MRIO) tables, our analysis reveals that carbon emissions and value-added embodied in exports grew by 19% and 101% for South Korea but shrank by 43% and 7% for the United States. As a result, South Korea experienced a 40% increase in net carbon exports and 243% increase in net value-added exports. At the industry level, the primary drivers of changes in carbon exports were electricity and basic materials. The majority of industries in witnessed improvements in carbon intensities suggesting improved environmental efficiency. While both countries achieved a decoupling of carbon emissions from value-added exports, substantial year-to-year and sectoral variations were observed. Finally, structural decomposition analysis indicates that domestic supply-side factors played a role in decreasing emissions whereas foreign demand-side factors contributed to emissions increases. In line with the main findings, various implications for policy and future research are discussed.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.177-187
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 한국의 대 세계 수출입 동향과 한국의 대 베트남 수출입 동향을 살펴보았다. 또한 한국의 주요 무역 국가인 중국, 미국, 베트남, 홍콩, 일본, 대만에 대한 수출입 동향을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 한국의 대 베트남 수출과 수입이 얼마나 증가하였는지 살펴보고, 다른 주요 국가에 비해 얼마나 많이 상승하였는지 비교하고 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해, 한국과 중국, 미국, 베트남, 홍콩, 일본, 대만에 대한 수출입 관련 자료를 2000년 1월부터 2018년 2월까지 총 218개 월간자료를 이용하였다. 지난 19년 동안 한국의 대 베트남 수출이 급속히 증가하면서 한국의 대 세계 수출을 주도한 것으로 판단되었다. 한국의 대 베트남 수출은 한국의 대 세계 수출에 비해 10배 가까운 상승률을 보이면서, 베트남은 한국의 주요 수출 상대국으로 성장하였다. 향후 한국 경제 발전과 수출의 지속적인 성장을 위해서는 과거 중국 중심의 수출일변도에서 벗어나, 베트남을 비롯한 동남아로의 수출 다변화를 시도할 필요성이 제기된다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.169-183
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper analyzes the effect of the agricultural export market for Korea's new southern countries in consideration of logistics efficiency. In order to expand Korean agricultural exports, the logistics performance index, national income, per capita income, consumer price index, distance and FTA are included. Through empirical analysis, the impact of logistics efficiency on Korean agricultural exports is derived and measures are proposed to expand exports in the future. Design/methodology - The analytical model of this study takes into account the import demand factors of the new southern countries for Korean agricultural exports. A research model was established based on prior research based on the gravity model, which is widely used in international trade effect analysis. In particular, logistics efficiency measures the effect on Korean agricultural exports using the logistics performance index and examines the effect by deriving factors for export expansion. Findings - The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows: The higher the logistics efficiency of the new southern countries in exporting Korean agricultural products, the more directly they have an effect on expanding exports. In addition, it was analyzed that the expansion of Korean agricultural exports has a positive effect on the other countries' national income, per capita income, consumer price index, population, and FTA. Based on these results, the importance of efficient logistics management in agricultural exports has been emphasized. Originality/value - There are not many studies on the export of agricultural products by logistics efficiency. However, prior studies that have adapted to manufacturing and other areas suggest that logistics efficiency has a direct effect on exports. This study suggests that Korean agricultural products are directly effective in exporting to new southern countries in terms of logistics efficiency. This can be an important time point in recognizing that logistics capabilities are important to ensure new books and the safety of agricultural products.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.481-503
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• 2022

본 연구는 환경혁신이 환경친화적 제품의 수출에 미치는 영향을 동태패널모형을 이용하여 분석한다. 분석결과 환경친화적 제품의 수출은 장기 균형에 느리게 수렴하는 동태적 조정 과정이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 환경혁신으로 대표되는 환경 부문의 민간 특허와 환경관련 공공 R&D 지출의 경우 환경친화적 수출에 긍정적인 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 환경친화적 제품은 자원 관리, 오염 관리, 청정 기술 부문의 제품으로 분류되어 있는데, 특허의 경우 자원 관리 부문의 수출에, R&D 지출의 경우 모든 부문의 수출에 기여하는 것으로 나타났다. 동태효과에 대한 추정결과 환경혁신의 수출 증진 효과는 장기로 갈수록 크게 나타났으며, 공공 부문의 환경혁신이 민간 부문의 환경혁신에 비해 수출에 더 크게 기여하는 것으로 나타났다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2015

The authors calculate the long-term predictability of GDP, domestic demand, investment, and net exports for Guangdong province, P.R. China from 2000 to 2013. A vector autoregressive (VAR) model with quarterly data for this period is first co-integrated then the Granger causality test is applied to empirically assess the relationships among gross domestic product (GDP), consumption, investment, and net exports. There is a strong causality effect between investment and net exports in Guangdong province. However, the variance decomposition results indicate that exports respond to foreign shocks rather than domestic ones, making their impact on the Guangdong economy to predict. Results show the stimulating effect of domestic demand on GDP is larger than the stimulating effect of net exports and much larger than even the stimulating effect of investment. The analysis suggests that there are dynamic influences with various levels of persistence between GDP, consumption, investment, and net exports. Macroeconomic policy adjustments are urgently required to expand domestic demand and thereby stimulate economic growth in Guangdong province.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.289-305
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• 2019

Recently, each country has been using non-tariff barriers (Non-Tariff Barriers, NTB) as a new protection trade policy. In particular, TBT lies at the center of NTB. In this context, we examine the impact of Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) on Korea's exports to ASEAN. Using 10-year statistics from 2007 to 2016 that came into effect with the ASEAN FTA, we analyze the impact of TBT on the Korean exports in the electrical machinery industry (HS85), which accounts for more than 30 percent of Korea's total exports to ASEAN. The results of the empirical analysis using a gravity model showed significant and positive effects in the variables of GDP and real effective exchange rate in each ASEAN country on Korea's exports to ASEAN. As expected, the tariff rate has a negative effect. As for TBT, the key variable of this study, the results are as follows. Although many previous studies reported that TBT has negative impacts on exports, this study could not find any significant impact of TBT and found that Korea's exports of electrical machinery to ASEAN countries are not affected by TBT. Various implications of these results are suggested.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2019

Purpose - This paper investigates the structure of exports across countries in terms of value added. Exports value added is examined under two categories, domestic and overseas. Using a statistical classification method by distance based on these two value added categories, this paper estimates the similarity of exports value added across countries including Korea. Design/methodology - The model of study is to employ a generalized distance function and then derive the Manhattan and Euclidean distances. The paper also performs cluster analysis using the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) and hierarchical methods to classify the 44 sample countries considered in this study. Findings - Our main findings are as follows. The 44 countries can be classified under 5 groups by their domestic and overseas value added in exports. Korea has a sandwich global value chains (GVCs) position between Japan, China, and Taiwan in the East Asian region. Originality/value - Existing papers point out the double counting problem of trade statistics as the intermediate goods trade across borders increases. This paper addresses the double counting problem by using the World Input-Output Table. The paper shows the need to explore the similarity of value added in exports structure across countries and investigate the GVCs position and role of each country.