• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.377-380
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• 2020

The increase in single households, changes in consumption behavior, and the size of marts are becoming larger, whereas the packaging form is being changed to small packaging containers, small packages are being exported when exporting agricultural products, especially fruits and related crops, leading to CO2 at the time of export. Although it was processed, it was difficult to guarantee the freshness of the crops inside the package during the transportation period. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new method of maintaining freshness for application to agricultural products distributed in small packaging containers as a freshness retention agent to prevent deterioration of crops by microorganisms due to changes in product temperature during transportation or display during distribution of agricultural products. I was researching ways to bring about innovation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.125-131
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• 2005

Gate operations are very important as they are the starting point for export containers and the end point for import containers as far as checking and control exercised by terminal operators are concerned. The objective of this paper is to propose the design of separated gate system in order to reduce the truck turnaround time and to distribute the truck traffic volume in port container terminal. Because of a lot of container load and unload within short term, many trucks have to pass the gate at a time. This study suggests the separated gate system as an efficient design for gate operation considering integration of two individual berth.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.6 s.102
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• pp.573-581
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• 2005

The outbound containers in a container terminal are classified into a few groups by their weights and stacked separately in a yard for easy and efficient handling. In order to maintain the balance of a ship during loading, containers of heavier weight groups should be fetched out of a yard and loaded onto the ship before those of lighter weight groups. However, the weight information used to determine the weight group is usually imprecise. Therefore stacks will actually be filled with mixture of different weight groups and rehandlings are unavoidable during loading operation. This paper presents a method for estimating the number of rehandlings caused by imprecise information and a scheme for generating a simple but efficient slot assignment rule. Experiments have shown that a rule generated by the proposed method can reduce the number of rehandlings by about $20\%$ compared to the traditional slot assignment method which stacks only the containers of the same weight group in a single stack.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.391-398
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• 2005

The outbound containers in a container terminal are classified into a few groups by their weights and stocked separately in a yard for easy and efficient handling. In order to maintain the balance of a ship during loading, containers of heavier weight groups should be fetched out of a yard and loaded onto the ship before those of lighter weight groups. However, the weight information used to determine the weight group is usually imprecise. Therefore stacks will actually be filled with mixture of different weight groups and rehandlings are unavoidable during loading operation. This paper presents a method for estimating the number of rehandlings caused by imprecise information and a scheme for generating a simple but efficient slot assignment rule. Experiments have shown that a rule generated by the proposed method can reduce the number of rehandlings by about 20%compared to the traditional slot assignment method which stacks only the containers of the same weight group in a single stack.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2014

In container terminals, stacking yard is the place where import and export containers are temporarily stored before being loaded onto or after being discharged from a ship. Since all the containers go through the stacking yard in their logistic flow, the productivity of the terminal critically depends on efficient operation of stacking yard, which again depends on how well the stacking locations of the incoming containers are determined. However, a good location for stacking an incoming container later can turn out to be a bad one when that container is to be fetched out of the stacking yard, especially if some rehandling is required. This means that good locations for the containers are changing over time. Therefore, in most container terminals, the so-called remarshaling is done to move the containers from bad location to good locations. Although there are many previous works on remarshaling, they all assume that the remarshaling can be done separately from the main jobs when the cranes are idle for rather a long period of time. However, in reality, cranes are hardly available for a period long enough for remarshaling. This paper proposes a crane dispatching strategy that allows remarshaling jobs to be mixed together with the main jobs whenever an opportunity is detected. Experimental results by simulation reveals that the proposed method effectively contributes to the improvement of terminal productivity.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.645-660
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• 1997

An application of the genetic algorithm(GA) to the loading sequencing problem in port container terminals is presented in this paper. The efficiency of loading operations in port container terminals is highly dependent on the loading sequence of export containers. In order to sequence the loading operation, we hove to determine the route of each container handling equipment (transfer crane or straddle carried in the yard during the loading operation. The route of a container handling equipment is determined in a way of minimizing the total container handling time. An encoding method is developed which keeps intermediate solutions feasible and speeds up the evolution process. We determine the sequence of each individual container which the container handling equipment picks up at each yard-bay as well as the visiting sequence of yard-bays of the equipment during the loading operation. A numerical experiment is carried out to evaluate the performance of the algorithm developed.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-33
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• 2004

Recognizing that the main container ports' status is gradually inclining, the Japanese government is driving forward the super hub port project. This project has three goals, unifying Japanese ports separating nationally, diminishing the port costs by 30 percents less than the current port costs of their competitors, and cutting down the lead time of processing import-export freight into 24 hours, Singaporean level. The project will work to some extent, if succeeding, but the effect is doubtful if it will be the fundamental solution of Japanese ports' crisis. I wrote this paper since I thought that this Japanese policy would serve as a good reference of Korea, which had two container ports system and its prospect was not good through the fact that the Busan ports' rank of dealing with containers fell down to the fifth in 2003.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04c
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• pp.443-445
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• 2003

매년 증가하는 컨테이너 물동량의 효율적인 처리를 위해서 수출 컨테이너의 처리과정인 반입, 장치 적하의 과정중 배에 싣는 적하작업시 재취급이 발생하게 된다. 재취급이란 컨테이너 야드장에 장치되어 있는 수출 컨테이너를 적하하기 위해 배로 이동할 때 옮겨야 할 수출 컨테이너 위에 다른 수출 컨테이너가 있을 경우 상위의 수출 컨테이너를 다른 곳으로 이동시킨후 해당 컨테이너를 배로 옳기는 것을 말한다. 이와같은 재취급이 발생할 경우 선박의 적하시간이 늘어나고 장비의 이용률이 증가함으로서 컨테이너 터미널의 운영의 효율성이 떨어진다. 적하작업시 발생하는 재취급의 횟수를 최소화하기 위해 수출 컨테이너를 장치할 때 수출 컨테이너를 적하순서의 역순으로 장치를 하는 것이다. 그러나 수출컨테이너가 터미널에 도착하는 순서는 일정하지 않기 때문에 장치되어져 있는 컨테이너를 여러번 재장치하여 일방적으로 역순의 형태로 장치할 경우 재취급의 횟수는 줄일 수 있으나 장비의 사용량은 늘어나므로 결과적으로 효율적이지 못하다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 일정하지 않게 반입되는 수출컨테이너의 위치를 유전자 알고리즘(genetic algorithm)을 이용하여 결정함으로서 수출컨테이너 장치시 재조작횟수를 증가시키지 않고 재 취급을 최소화할 수 있는 방법을 제시한다.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.19
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• pp.96-118
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• 2003

Government tries to revise the article 25 in Korea Maritime Transport Act which describes subject of coastal carriage for exported-imported container cargoes. The subject of coastal carriage will be replaced coastal carrier by ocean liner carrier according to the revised article 25. By adopting the revised article, coastal shipping industry will be deteriorated in terms of returns on investment, sales and etc. Even though the revision is inevitable to harmonize the flow of exported-imported container cargo movement, coastal shipping industry should be developed and restructured to get competitive power and to set up an efficient international logistics system. To enhance competitive power of coastal shipping companies successfully, government must realize the importance of coastal shipping, and aid the industry through various methods such as arrangement of law and regulation, indirected financial assistance, decrease of tax rate, etc.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 1995

The Pusan Container Terminal faces a rapid increase in berthing time of container ships as well as in waiting time of external trucks, which is due to an absolute lack of yard space. This research is focused on the development of a decision support system for the planning of the container terminal yard assignment so that the yard space would be utilized most effectively. Efforts should be given to the reasonable assignment of the yard storage and the dynamic adaptation to the ever changing environment. The software introduced here is based on the know-how of the field exports and its framework takes the approach of the hierarchical decision making.