• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.463-479
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• 2012

The implicit association test (IAT) measures implicit attitudes of participants and is regarded as an effective method for expecting future behaviors. Based on the IAT, this study aimed to answer the question, whether implicit attitudes of an individual about creativity have any kinds of impact on global perception, which might be important for a creative process. In the experiment, participants were presented words, which were associated with one of four categories, while one attitude category (creativity /practicality) and one evaluative category (good/bad) were always paired together either on the left side or on the right side of the computer screen. After completing the IAT test, participants were led to fill out a questionnaire to assess explicit attitudes toward creativity and practicality. Then they conducted the navon task, in which they had to find one of two letters, 'F' or 'H', which were presented either as a local form or as a global form. Finally, the participants had to write down as many untypical functions of an object as possible. The results showed that not the scores of explicit attitude scores but the IAT scores correlated with the reaction time of global perception. The global perception was faster in the participants with the low IAT scores than the local perception. Compared to this, the global perception benefits disappeared in the participants with the high IAT scores. Additionally, more creative ideas about the functions of the object were listed in the group with the lower IAT scores. Implications of the role of implicit attitudes about creative processes are discussed.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02b
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• pp.554-559
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• 2007

최근 인터넷 관련 기술의 급속한 발전으로 사람들의 다양한 사회적, 경제적 행위들이 인터넷을 기반으로 확대되고 있다. 특히 우리나라의 경우 초고속 통신망의 확산과 더불어 인터넷 쇼핑몰과 상거래시장 또한 빠르게 성장하였다. 이러한 상황에서 인터넷을 매체로 하는 광고기법 또한 다양하게 적용되고 있는데, 인터넷을 통한 광고 효과를 극대화하기 위해 인터넷 신문기사 주변에 배치된 배너광고, 팝업광고 등 여러 가지 시도들이 있어왔다. 이러한 시도들은 인터넷 사용자의 편의에 대한 고려보다는 광고내용을 얼마나 잘 전달할 수 있는가에 초점이 맞추어져 있었다. 그러나 광고내용이 잘 전달된다 하더라도 소비자가 그 광고에 대해 불쾌감을 느끼게 된다면 과연 인터넷 광고효과가 높다고 말할 수 없을 것이다. 예를 들어, 팝업광고에 대한 대응책으로 개인적으로 팝업 블록커(pop-up blocker)를 사용하겠는가에 대한 설문조사 결과를 보면 사람들이 팝업 블록커를 이용해서라도 팝업광고를 피하고자 하는 비율이 77%에 달한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 실제로 Windows XP 서비스팩 2 이후의 버전은 인터넷 사용자들의 편의를 위해 자동 팝업 차단기능을 갖추고 있는 실정이다. 팝업광고를 통해 아무리 높은 정보전달 효과가 발생한다 하더라도 사용자들은 팝업광고에 대하여 거부감이나 부정적 감정을 느낄 수 있다. 그리고 광고정보가 전달된다 하더라도 팝업광고에 대한 사용자들의 불편함이 그 광고에 대한 부정적 감정으로 전이되어 광고대상에 대한 이미지에 악영향을 미칠 수 있음에 유의해야 한다. 그러므로 광고효과는 극대화하면서, 혹은 기존의 수준을 유지하면서 광고에 대한 거부감을 줄인 광고형태를 찾기 위한 다양한 노력들이 필요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 인터넷 신문기사에 첨부된 광고에 대한 사용자의 거부감을 줄일 수 있는 새로운 광고 제시 방식을 찾고자 일반적으로 사용되는 배너와 팝업 등 두 가지 광고 제시 방식과 전면에 돌출하지 않는 형태로 인터넷 신문기사의 배경에 삽입된 광고 제시 방식을 비교하였다. 그 결과, 인터넷 신문기사 영역의 주변 특정 부분(코너나 중간 부분 등)에 광고를 삽입한 배너 형태의 광고와 인터넷 신문기사 위에 광고가 돌출 등장하여 콘텐츠를 가리는 팝업 형태의 광고 제시 방식보다 새롭게 제안된 백그라운드 형태의 광고 제시 방식이 인터넷 신문기사를 읽는 사용자에게 거부감을 줄이며 동시에 광고효과를 유지할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 인터넷 광고 제시 방식으로 활용한다면 인터넷 사용자에게 콘텐츠를 방해하여 발생하는 명시적인 거부감(explicit negative attitude)을 줄이면서도 암묵적인(implicit) 광고효과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.88-101
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• 1985

There is a certain relation between the performance characteristics of the porous metal bearing and the porosity. Since the relation is not explicit, author tried to investigate it by numerical analysis and experiment. The analysis and experiment show that the load carrying capacity decreases as porosity increases while attitude angle and friction parameter increase as porosity increases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.109-113
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• 2006

This paper presents an in-flight alignment method for strapdown inertial navigation systems based on the line-of-sight information. Unlike the existing methods, the proposed method utilizes only the 2-axis angle measurements of the onboard image sensor and does not require any explicit range measurements between the vehicle and landmarks. To improve the accuracy of all the position, velocity, and attitude estimates through the in-flight alignment, an error model of the image-sensor-aided SDINS is derived. A simulation study demonstrates that the accuracy of SDINS can be improved by the line-of-sight information only.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.9
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• pp.745-751
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• 2014

For the multi-nozzle propulsion, the rupture pressure of nozzle closure has an effect on the initial strain rate of ignition. Moreover, the deviation of rupture pressure for each nozzle closure leads to side forces which can disturb the attitude control of rocket. When designed, it should be considered whether nozzle closures are ruptured equally and exactly in the intented pressure. In this paper, the rupture behavior is analyzed by analytical and experimental methods for plate and "+" notched nozzle closures. The rupture pressure and deviation for operating temperature, whether notched or not and notched directions are analyzed. This paper provides a comparison between rupture pressure prediction of finite elements method which tool is Abaqus/Explicit and results of the rupture test. Jonson-Cook shear failure model which corresponds to the damage initiation criterion were used in this simulation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6331-6334
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• 2015

Background: The main purpose of this study was to survey the education and training of certified gynecologic oncologists and fellows in Thailand. A secondary objective was to study the problems in fellowship training regarding palliative care for gynecologic cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted by sending a questionnaire regarding palliative care education to all certified gynecologic oncologists and gynecologic oncology fellows in Thailand. The contents of the survey included fellowship training experience, caring for the dying, patient preparation, attitudes and respondent characteristics. Statistics were analyzed by percentage, mean and standard deviation and chi-square. Results: One hundred seventy completed questionnaires were returned; the response rate was 66%. Most certified gynecologic oncologists and fellows in gynecologic oncology have a positive attitude towards palliative care education, and agree that "psychological distress can result in severe physical suffering". It was found that the curriculum of gynecologic oncology fellowship training equally emphasizes three aspects, namely managing post-operative complications, managing a patient at the end of life and managing a patient with gynecologic oncology. As for experiential training during the fellowship of gynecologic oncology, education regarding breaking bad news, discussion about goals of care and procedures for symptoms control were mostly on-the-job training without explicit teaching. In addition, only 42.9 % of respondents were explicitly taught the coping skill for managing their own stress when caring for palliative patients during fellowship training. Most of respondents rated their clinical competency for palliative care in the "moderately well prepared" level, and the lowest score of the competency was the issue of spiritual care. Conclusions: Almost all certified gynecologic oncologists and fellows in gynecologic oncology have a positive attitude towards learning and teaching in palliative care. In this study, some issues were identified for improving palliative care education such as proper training under the supervision of a mentor, teaching how to deal with work stress, competency in spiritual care and attitudes on responsibility for bereavement care.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.77-98
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• 2005

The purpose of the study is to investigate whether focus-on-form instruction is effective in promoting accuracy in writing and to make some suggestions regarding education in business English writing. For this purpose, an experiment, of which the participants were 29 college sophomores taking a course in business English, was made. The learners received instruction in the English nouns followed by modificatory phrases or clauses through the focus-on-form techniques, feedback and explicit explanation. The results were as follows: First, the learners who received focus-on-form instruction improved accuracy in writing. Second, there was a correlation between the learners' English proficiency levels and the effects of focus-on-form instruction. Third, the high level learners showed more positive attitude toward focus-on-form instruction than the low level ones. To promote accuracy in written business communication, the following suggestions were made on the basis of the results: First, focus-on-form instruction should be incorporated into a content-based business English class. Second, repeated focus-on-form instruction is needed. Third, learners' English proficiency levels should be taken into account when focus-on-form instruction is given.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.7_8
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• pp.752-763
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• 2003

In the large scale B2B transaction like buying ´Express-Train´ or selling ´Daewoo Motor`, a tremendous amount of variables and factors of chaos functionate in it directly or indirectly. To get the effective information processing on the so called complex system like this, it should be possible to unite the human´s ability on the implicit information processing and the agent´s ability on the explicit information processing. In this paper, we suggested a union model for uniting these two heterogeneous abilities and showed how the suggested model can be used for processing the information of such a complex system as B2B negotiation.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.3A no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2003

At present the electric power industry in Korea is going through a major restructuring process. The restructuring is motivated by a desire to reduce electricity supply costs, to attract new in-vestment in modern generation, transmission and distribution facilities, and to stimulate innovation in the wholesale production and the retail supply of electricity. The experience to date shows that restructuring of electric power industry in the US, however, is marred with a number of problematic market performances including unreasonably high prices at wholesale. This paper investigates the important role of Power Exchange for stabilizing electric power industry in transition by offering various financial products. These financial products are used for risk hedging by the market participants. The paper focuses on the risk hedging by an individual supplier and derives an explicit decision rule that incorporates the attitude towards the risks. In addition to providing the financial products for risk hedging by market participants, the Power Exchange plays another very important role of financial safeguard system. Because of its unique characteristics, the Power Exchange is well suited for financial surveillance where it performs the early detection of unsound financial (and to a large extent operational) practices on the part of any system users and protect the system integrity and the market participants from the consequences of a default in the clearing structure.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.143-160
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• 2022

This study was conducted to discuss educational implications by analyzing the types of mathematical thinking that appeared in challenge math in 5th and 6th grade math teacher's guidebooks. To this end, mathematical thinking types that can be evaluated and nurtured based on teaching and learning contents were organized, a framework for analyzing mathematical thinking was devised, and mathematical thinking appearing in Challenge Math in the 5th and 6th grade math teachers' guidebooks was analyzed. As a result of the analysis, first, 'challenge mathematics' in the 5th and 6th grades of elementary school in Korea consists of various problems that can guide various mathematical thinking at the stage of planning and implementation. However, it is feared that only the intended mathematical thinking will be expressed due to detailed auxiliary questions, and it is unclear whether it can cause mathematical thinking on its own. Second, it is difficult to induce various mathematical thinking at that stage because the questionnaire of the teacher's guidebooks understanding stage and the questionnaire of the reflection stage are presented very typically. Third, the teacher's guidebooks lacks an explicit explanation of mathematical thinking, and it will be necessary to supplement the explicit explanation of mathematical thinking in the future teacher's guidebooks.