• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2014

Lipid membranes composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) are used in biophysical study to mimic cellular membranes and interactions between the membrane and chemicals, where organics solvents are used in dissolving lipids or chemicals. Later, solvents are removed from the solution under nitrogen gas at room temperature, followed by the further removal of the solvent at vacuum condition for several hours. In this process, some solvents are easily removed under described conditions above and others are required more severe conditions. In this study, $^{31}P$ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) techniques and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to see any changes in the line shapes of $^{31}P$ NMR spectra of multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) samples of POPC and in the phase change temperature of multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) of DPPC in DSC thermogram with or without any residual solvents. The thermodynamic parameters associated with the solvents did exhibit noticeable changes depending on solvent types. Thus, it is concluded that solvents should be carefully chosen and removed completely and experimental results should also be interpreted with caution particularly for the experiments investigating lipid phase changes and related topics.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2016

Recently linear accelerator of radiation therapy intensity modulated radiation therapy, stereotactic radiation therapy are widely used. Such radiation treatment techniques are generally difficult to exclude the small field by using the inverse treatment plan. It is necessary to dose an accurate measurement of characteristics of the small field. Thus, using different detectors to measure the volume of the effective percentage depth dose, beam profile, and the output factor of the small field was to evaluate the dose characteristics of each detector. Experimental results for the X-ray beam 6 MV energy beam quality($PDD_{20}/PDD_{10}$) is $10{\times}10cm^2$ Diode detector is as high as 2.4% compared to Pinpoint detector. All field size to lesser effective volume of Diode detector shows that it is far better than other detectors by more than 50% of small penumbra, therefore spatial resolution far excellent. In field size $2{\times}2cm^2$ Semiflex detector was measured about 2% less than the other detector. Field size $1{\times}1cm^2$ is that there is no judgment about the validity show the difference between 20%. Field size $1{\times}1cm^2$ from the measured values of the Diode detector and Pinpoint detector showed a 13% difference. Less than field size $3{\times}3cm^2$ the feed to the difference between the output factor of the effective volume of the detector to be used for the effective volume available to the detector.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

The need for storage, management, and retrieval techniques for alternative data has emerged as technologies based on data generated from business activities conducted by enterprises have emerged as the key to business success in recent years. Existing big data platform systems must load a large amount of data generated in real time without delay to process unstructured data, which is an alternative data, and efficiently manage storage space by utilizing a deduplication system of different storages when redundant data occurs. In this paper, we propose a multi-layer distributed data deduplication process system using the similarity of the Cuckoo hashing filter technique considering the characteristics of big data. Similarity between virtual machines is applied as Cuckoo hash, individual storage nodes can improve performance with deduplication efficiency, and multi-layer Cuckoo filter is applied to reduce processing time. Experimental results show that the proposed method shortens the processing time by 8.9% and increases the deduplication rate by 10.3%.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 1985

The present work develops a method of evaluating thrust deduction and wake for different loads of the propeller using the concerted application of the theoretical tools and experimental techniques. It also shows the applicability of the new method to the design of optimum hull form. Firstly, the problem of hull-propeller interaction was analyzed in terms of inviscid as well as viscous components of the thrust deduction and wake. The wavemaking resistance of a hull and propeller were mathematically represented by sources on the hull surface and sink on the propeller plane, respectively. The strength of sink was determined by utilizing the radial distributions of propeller load and nominal wake. The resistance increment due to a propeller and the axial perturbation flow induced by the hull in the propeller plane were calculated. Especially, the inviscid component of the thrust deduction was calculated by subtraction the wavemaking resistance of a bare hull, the wavemaking resistance of a free-running propeller and the augmentation of propeller resistance due to hull action from the wavemaking resistance of the hull with a propeller. The viscous components of the thrust deduction and wake were estimated as functions of propeller load which were established by the propeller load varying test after deduction the calculated inviscid components. Secondly, an analysis method of powering performance was developed based on the potential theory and the propeller load varying test. The hybrid method estimates the thrust deduction, wake and propeller open-water efficiency for different propeller load. This method can be utilized in the analysis of powering performance for the propeller load variation such as the added resistance due to hull surface roughness, the added resistance due to wind, etc. Finally, the hybrid method was applied to the optimum design of hull form. A series of afterbody shapes was obtained by systematically varying the waterplane and section shapes of a parent afterbody without changing the principal dimensions, block coefficient and prismatic coefficient. From the comparison of the predicted results such as wavemaking resistance, thrust deduction, wake and delivered power, an optimum hull form was obtained. The delivered power of the optimized hull form was reduced by 5.7% which was confirmed by model tests. Also the predicted delivered power by the hybrid method shows fairly good agreement with the test result. It is therefore considered that the new analysis method of powering performance can be utilized as a practical tool for the design of optimum hull form as for the analysis of powering performance for the propeller load variation in the preliminary design stage.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.251-258
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• 2012

The management and control of mineral nutrients is one of most important techniques to increase the productivity and the quality of Korean ginseng. The mineral nutrients are measured with different plant tissues and different growth stages of 2-year-old ginseng grown under hydroponic culture with two different temperatures. The content of N, P, Ca, and Mg were higher at low temperature in both leaves and roots than those at high temperature. However, the content of K was high in leaves at low temperature compared to that of high temperature, while it was not significantly different in roots. The uptake amounts of N and K was higher throughout the experimental period at low temperature in both leaves and roots than those at high temperature. However, the uptake amount of P was not clearly different between two different temperatures and among six different growth stages. The uptake amount of N, P, K was generally decreased in leaves from June to August, while it was increased in roots. The relationship between dry weight and mineral nutrients in leaves was appeared positive with N, K, Ca, and Mg, but negative P. In roots, N, K, Ca, and Mg were negative, showing that was positive with only P. Comparing the correlation coefficients among mineral nutrients in leaves, N and K were significantly positive correlation each other. P was significantly positive correlation with Na and Zn. In case of roots, N was highly significant positive correlation with K, Mg, and Mn, but P was negatively correlated with Ca, Cu, Na, Fe, and Zn.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

With the development of remote sensing sensor technology, it has become possible to acquire satellite images with various spectral information. In particular, since the hyperspectral image is composed of continuous and narrow spectral wavelength, it can be effectively used in various fields such as land cover classification, target detection, and environment monitoring. Change detection techniques using remote sensing data are generally performed through differences of data with same dimensions. Therefore, it has a disadvantage that it is difficult to apply to heterogeneous sensors having different dimensions. In this study, we have developed a change detection method applicable to hyperspectral image and high spat ial resolution satellite image with different dimensions, and confirmed the applicability of the change detection method between heterogeneous images. For the application of the change detection method, the dimension of hyperspectral image was reduced by using correlation analysis and principal component analysis, and the change detection algorithm used CVA. The ROC curve and the AUC were calculated using the reference data for the evaluation of change detection performance. Experimental results show that the change detection performance is higher when using the image generated by adequate dimensionality reduction than the case using the original hyperspectral image.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 1993

Procedures to separate motile. normal & motile and acrosome-reacted sperm with high efficiency have clinical application in Assisted Reproductive Technology in terms of increasing the probability of fertilization by a normal sperm and subsequent normal embryonic development. This study evaluated the effects of 10 sperm preparation techniques [Swim-up from a washed pellet (SU). Swim-up from semen (SO). Continuous Percoll Gradients I (PIC). Discontinuous Percoll Gradients I (PID). Continuous Percoll Gradients II(P II C). Discontinuous Percoll Gradients II(P II D), SpermPrep (SFC). Wang's tube (WT). Albumin Gradients (AG), Low temperature capacitation (LTC)] on motility (%), normal morphology (%), motile sperm recovery rate(%). morphologically normal & motile sperm recovery rate (%), true acrosome reaction (%) and fertilizing ability. A P II D proved to be an effective means of separating morphologically normal & motile sperm. Our results indicated the P II D has advantages as compared with other methods in terms of recovery rate. enhancement of motility and normal morphology. And a LTC seems to be an effective means of enhancing the true acrosome reaction and fertilizing ability. These results suggest that the combined method of LTC and P II D for separation of morphologically normal & motile sperm and acrosome reacted sperm may be a useful procedure for intrauterine insemination and in vitro fertilization in the management of male factor infertility as well as for isolation of subpopulation of sperm for basic research.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.9-20
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• 1999

A method is proposed to estimate the joint damages of a steel structure from modal data using the neural networks technique. The beam-to-column connection in a steel frame structure is represented by a zero-length rotational spring of the end of the beam element, and the connection fixity factor is defined based on the rotational stiffness so that the factor may be in the range 0~1.0. Then, the severity of joint damage is defined as the reduction ratio of the connection fixity factor. Several advanced techniques are employed to develop the robust damage identification technique using neural networks. The concept of the substructural indentification is used for the localized damage assessment in the large structure. The noise-injection learning algorithm is used to reduce the effects of the noise in the modal data. The data perturbation scheme is also employed to assess the confidence in the estimated damages based on a few sets of actual measurement data. The feasibility of the proposed method is examined through a numerical simulation study on a 2-bay 10-story structure and an experimental study on a 2-story structure. It has been found that the joint damages can be reasonably estimated even for the case where the measured modal vectors are limited to a localized substructure and the data are severely corrupted with noise.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2013

NAND flash-based SSDs (Solid State Drive) have advantages of fast input/output performance and low power consumption so that they could be widely used as storages on tablet, desktop PC, smart-phone, and server. But, SSD has the disadvantage of wear-leveling due to increase of the number of writes. In order to improve the lifespan of the SSD, a variety of data deduplication techniques have been introduced. General fixed-size splitting method allocates fixed size of chunk without considering locality of data so that it may execute unnecessary chunking and hash key generation, and variable-size splitting method occurs excessive operation since it compares data byte-by-byte for deduplication. This paper proposes adaptive chunking method based on application locality and file name locality of written data in SSD-based server storage. The proposed method split data into 4KB or 64KB chunks adaptively according to application locality and file name locality of duplicated data so that it can reduce the overhead of chunking and hash key generation and prevent duplicated data writing. The experimental results show that the proposed method can enhance write performance, reduce power consumption and operation time compared to existing variable-size splitting method and fixed size splitting method using 4KB.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.101-131
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop, and test the effects of a group program on the subjective well-being and depression of the low-income depressed elderly women living alone. Conceptual framework was based on the positive psychotherapy and a broad range of intervention techniques of the solution focused therapy was integrated into the program by using assimilative integration methods. A quasi-experimental nonequivalent comparison group design was used to test the effects of the program. The newly developed group program was implemented to the intervention group and a reminiscence group program was implemented to the comparison group for 10-session. And no intervention group received only home-based routine care services as usual. Results suggested that the newly developed program was effective in increasing the level of subjective well-being, and decreasing the depressive symptoms of the low-income depressed elderly women living alone. It was also proved that the newly developed program maintained its gains up through 11-week follow-up.