DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of the Small Field of for the Detector Type Medical Linear Accelerator

의료용 선형가속기의 소조사면에 대한 검출기 종류에 따른 평가

  • Lee, Dong-Woon (Department of Radiological Science, Catholic University of DaeGu) ;
  • Jung, Kang-Kyo (Department of Radiological Science, Catholic University of DaeGu) ;
  • Shin, Gwi-Soon (Department of Radiological Technology, Songho College) ;
  • Cho, Pyong-Kon (Department of Radiological Science, Catholic University of DaeGu)
  • 이동운 (대구가톨릭대학교 방사선학과) ;
  • 정강교 (대구가톨릭대학교 방사선학과) ;
  • 신귀순 (송호대학교 방사선학과) ;
  • 조평곤 (대구가톨릭대학교 방사선학과)
  • Received : 2016.04.30
  • Accepted : 2016.06.18
  • Published : 2016.06.30

Abstract

Recently linear accelerator of radiation therapy intensity modulated radiation therapy, stereotactic radiation therapy are widely used. Such radiation treatment techniques are generally difficult to exclude the small field by using the inverse treatment plan. It is necessary to dose an accurate measurement of characteristics of the small field. Thus, using different detectors to measure the volume of the effective percentage depth dose, beam profile, and the output factor of the small field was to evaluate the dose characteristics of each detector. Experimental results for the X-ray beam 6 MV energy beam quality($PDD_{20}/PDD_{10}$) is $10{\times}10cm^2$ Diode detector is as high as 2.4% compared to Pinpoint detector. All field size to lesser effective volume of Diode detector shows that it is far better than other detectors by more than 50% of small penumbra, therefore spatial resolution far excellent. In field size $2{\times}2cm^2$ Semiflex detector was measured about 2% less than the other detector. Field size $1{\times}1cm^2$ is that there is no judgment about the validity show the difference between 20%. Field size $1{\times}1cm^2$ from the measured values of the Diode detector and Pinpoint detector showed a 13% difference. Less than field size $3{\times}3cm^2$ the feed to the difference between the output factor of the effective volume of the detector to be used for the effective volume available to the detector.

최근 선형가속기를 이용한 방사선치료는 세기조절방사선치료, 정위적방사선치료 등이 널리 사용되고 있다. 이러한 방사선 치료기법은 일반적으로 역방향치료계획을 사용함으로써 소조사면을 제외하기 어렵다. 그러므로 소조사면의 선량특성에 관한 정확한 측정이 필요하다. 따라서 유효체적이 서로 다른 검출기를 이용하여 소조사면에 대한 깊이선량백분율, 빔측면도, 그리고 선량출력계수를 측정하여 각 검출기의 선량특성 평가하고자 하였다. 실험 결과 X-선 6 MV에너지에 대한 빔선질($PDD_{20}/PDD_{10}$)은 $10{\times}10cm^2$에서 Diode 검출기는 Pinpoint 검출기에 비해 2.4%로 높았다. 모든 조사면에서 유효체적이 작은 Diode 검출기가 다른 검출기들과 50%이상 작은 반음영을 보여 공간분해능이 우수한 것으로 평가되었다. 출력선량계수는 조사면 $2{\times}2cm^2$에서 Semiflex 검출기 다른 검출기에 비해 2%정도 적게 측정되기 시작해서 조사면 $1{\times}1cm^2$에서는 20%정도 차이를 보이며 유효성이 없는 것으로 판단된다. 조사면 $1{\times}1cm^2$에서 Diode 검출기와 Pinpoint 검출기의 측정값은 13%정도 차이를 보였다. 조사면 $3{\times}3cm^2$이하에서는 검출기의 유효체적에 따른 출력선량계수의 차이가 크므로 가능한 유효체적이 작은 검출기를 사용해야 될 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Khan Fm: The Physics of Radiation Therapy, 4nd ed., Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 430, 2010
  2. Chus DT, Sham JS, Hung KN, Kwong DL, Kwong PW, and Leung LH: Stereotactic Radiosurgery as a Salvage Treatment for Locally Persistent and Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Journal of the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck, 21(7), 620-626, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0347(199910)21:7<620::AID-HED6>3.0.CO;2-Q
  3. Zelefsky MJ, Leibel SA, et al: Dose escalation with three-dimensional conformal therapy affects the outcome in prostate cancer, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 41, 491-500, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-3016(98)00091-1
  4. Benedict SH, Cardinale RM, Wu Q, Zwicker RD, Broaddus WC, and Mohan R: Intensity-Modulated Stereotactic Radiosurgery using Dynamic Micro-Multileaf Collimation, International Journal of Radiation Oncology.Biology.Physics, 50(3), 751-758, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-3016(01)01487-0
  5. Wiggenraad RG, Petoukhova AL, Versluis L, and van Santvoort JP: Stereotactic Radiotherapy of Intracranial Tumors: A Comparison of Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy and Dynamic Conformal Arc, International Journal of Radiation Oncology.Biology.Physics, 74(4), 1018-1026, 2009 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.09.057
  6. Lee N, Xia P, Quivey JM, et al. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an update of the UCSF experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 53, 12-22, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-3016(02)02724-4
  7. Zelefsky MJ, Fuks Z, Hunt M, et al. High-dose intensity mod ulated rad iation therapy f or p rostate cancer: early toxicity and biochemical outcome in 772 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 53, 1111-1116, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-3016(02)02857-2
  8. Kang BS, Kim GJ, Kim YI, Radiation Therapy for Cancer: 4nd, 645, 2011.
  9. IAEA TRS-398: Absorbed Dose Determination in External Beam Radiotheraphy: An International Code of Practice for Dosimetry base on Standard of Absorbed Dose to Water, Vienna, vol. 12, 2006
  10. I. Das, G. Ding, A. Ahnesjo "Small fields: Nonequalibrium radiation dosimetry" Med. Phys. 35(1), 206-215, 2008 https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2815356
  11. Cheng CW, Cho SH, Taylor M, and Das IJ: Determination of Zero Field Size Percent Depth Doses and Tissue Maximum Ratios for Stereotactic Radiosurgery and IMRT Dosimetry: Comparison Between Experimental Measurements and Monte Carlo Simulation, The International Journal of Medical Physics Research and Practice, 34(8), 3149-3157, 2007
  12. Das IJ, Ding GX, and Ahnesjo A: Small Fields: Nonequilibrium Radiation Dosimetry, The International Journal of Medical Physics Research and Practice, 35(1), 206-215, 2008
  13. Francescon P, Cora S, and Cavedon C: Total Scatter Factors of Small Beams: A Multidetector and Monte Carlo Study, The International Journal of Medical Physics Research and Practice, 35(2), 504-513, 2008
  14. Shell M.C, Bova F.J, Larson D.D, Leavitt D.D, Lutz W.R, Podgorsak E.B, Wu, A: Stereotactic radiosurgery, AAPM report 54. Woodbury, NY, American Institute of Physics, 1995
  15. Bjarngard BE, Tsai JS, and Rice RK: Doses on the Central Axes of Narrow 6-MV X-Ray Beams, The International Journal of Medical Physics Research and Practice, 17(5), 794-799, 1990
  16. P. Francescon, S. Cora, C. Cavedon: Total scatter factors of small beams: Amultidetector and Monte Carlo study. Med Phys 35(2), 504-513, 2008 https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2828195
  17. Sauer OA, Wilbert J: Measurement of output factors for small photon beams. Med Phys 4, 1983-1988, 2007
  18. Kim JK, Wen N, Jin JY et al: Clinical Commission and Use of the Novalis Tx Linear Accelerator for SRS and SBRT, Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 13(3), 124-151, 2012
  19. Koo KL, Yang ON, Lim CH, Choi WS, Shin SS, An WS: Dosimetric Characteristics of Detectors in Measurement of Beam Data f or Small Field s of Linear Accelerator, Journal of Radiological Science and Technology, 35(3), 265-273, 2012