• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2021

Recently, infrared (IR) and near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were widely used for home medical applications owing to its low output power and wide exposed area for curing. For deep penetration of the light under the skin, multiple LEDs with wavelengths of 700~10,000 nm were located on a flexible printed circuit board. When multiple wavelengths of LEDs were soldered on a circuit board, the lifetime of LED module highly depends on LEDs with a short lifetime. The mean time to failure (MTTF) was able to calculate with the experimental results under high temperature and the Arrhenius model. The results of this study could help companies to approve the warranty of LED modules and its product.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2022

Recently bank card number recognition plays an important role in improving payment efficiency. In this paper we propose a new bank-card number identification algorithm. The proposed algorithm consists of three modules which include edge detection, candidate region generation, and recognition. The module of 'edge detection' is used to obtain the possible digital region. The module of 'candidate region generation' has the role to expand the length of the digital region to obtain the candidate card number regions, i.e. to obtain the final bank card number location. And the module of 'recognition' has Convolutional deep learning Neural Network (CNN) to identify the final bank card numbers. Experimental results show that the identification rate of the proposed algorithm is 95% for the card numbers, which shows 20% better than that of conventional algorithm or method.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.652-662
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• 2023

Identifying highly discriminating genes is a critical step in tumor recognition tasks based on microarray gene expression profile data and machine learning. Gene selection based on tree models has been the subject of several studies. However, these methods are based on a single-tree model, often not robust to ultra-highdimensional microarray datasets, resulting in the loss of useful information and unsatisfactory classification accuracy. Motivated by the limitations of single-tree-based gene selection, in this study, ensemble gene selection methods based on multiple-tree models were studied to improve the classification performance of tumor identification. Specifically, we selected the three most representative tree models: ID3, random forest, and gradient boosting decision tree. Each tree model selects top-n genes from the microarray dataset based on its intrinsic mechanism. Subsequently, three ensemble gene selection methods were investigated, namely multipletree model intersection, multiple-tree module union, and multiple-tree module cross-union, were investigated. Experimental results on five benchmark public microarray gene expression datasets proved that the multiple tree module union is significantly superior to gene selection based on a single tree model and other competitive gene selection methods in classification accuracy.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.88-97
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• 2023

Traffic flow prediction is of great significance in urban planning and traffic management. As the complexity of urban traffic increases, existing prediction methods still face challenges, especially for the fusion of spatiotemporal information and the capture of long-term dependencies. This study aims to use the fusion model of graph neural network to solve the spatio-temporal information fusion problem in traffic flow prediction. We propose a new deep learning model Spatio-Temporal Information Fusion using Graph Neural Networks (STFGNN). We use GCN module, TCN module and LSTM module alternately to carry out spatiotemporal information fusion. GCN and multi-core TCN capture the temporal and spatial dependencies of traffic flow respectively, and LSTM connects multiple fusion modules to carry out spatiotemporal information fusion. In the experimental evaluation of real traffic flow data, STFGNN showed better performance than other models.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.251-262
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effect of a situational module learning course on critical thinking disposition and metacognition in sophomore nursing students. Methods: This study was a non-equivalent control-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design; the participants included 64 nursing students (32 in the experimental and 32 in the control group) from two Korean universities. Critical thinking disposition and metacognition between the control and intervention groups were measured before and after program participation. Data collection was conducted between September 1 and December 15, 2016. An independent t-test was used to determine differences in critical thinking disposition and metacognition between the groups and Pearson's correlations were measured for correlation with critical thinking disposition and metacognition. Results: The intervention group showed higher critical thinking disposition (t=3.16, p=.002); intellectual integrity (t=2.85, p=.006); and open-mindedness (t=3.30, p=.002) relative to those of the control group. However, there were no statistical differences in metacognition between the two groups (t=-0.14, p=.888). A significant positive correlation between metacognition and critical thinking disposition was found. (r=.62, p<.001). Conclusion: The situational module learning course developed in this study could be used to promote critical thinking disposition in nursing students.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

An analysis model considered the manufacturing factors and the pellet size has been developed in order to predict the performance characteristics of thermoelectric modules as generators. Since the electrical internal resistance has a significant role in the performance of thermoelectric modules, the variations of electrical internal resistance with operating temperature are experimentally measured. The modified electrical internal resistance calculated from an experimental correlation is applied to the analysis model. To verify the modified analysis model, the output voltage, output current and output power are compared with experimental results for the operating temperature conditions of $T_h=85^{\circ}C$ and ${\Delta}T=40^{\circ}C$. The modified analysis shows a good agreement with the experimental results in terms of the output voltage, current, and power.

• 인지과학
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.487-513
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• 1990

일본어의 단어인지과정에서 표기형태의 역할을 개관하였다. 인지심리학적 연구결과를 종합한 결과, 어휘근접과정에서 카나와 한자의 서로 다른 역할을 확인하였다. 이것은 일본어 난독증의 사례에서 관찰되는 한자와 카나의 선택적 장애와도 일치한다. 이러한 사실들을 설명하기 위하여 McClelland 와 Rumelhart(1981)의 상호작용활성화 모형을 개정한 JIA(Japanese I nteractive Activation)모형을 제안하였다. 이 제안에는 카나문자단원과 한자단원의 추가, 그리고 문자노드-단어노드 연결형태의 세분화가 포함되었다. 또한 JIA모형의 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 작성하여 실행하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.34-44
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to analyze the thermal properties of various green roof type. The experimental districts, have different soil thickness, soil type, the existence of module and the different kinds of vegetation, had installed. A measurement was conducted in Seoul University to investigate the thermal impacts of rooftop greening. The measurement point of temperature were 30, located in soil surface, middle of the soil layer, under the module, hard surface and soffit surface of each experimental district. The experimental investigation lasted from 6th August to 29th August, a total of 24 days. The results showed that green roof can contribute thermal benefits by soil and vegetation and reduce building energy consumption by a role of insulation. It's also better to make soil thickness over 20cm and various vegetation that should be more effective. The district installed only soil also could be effective for reducing the temperature of roof surface. Therefore, the increase of soil thickness and various vegetation could reduce more temperature of roof surface and building energy consumption. Also, it's helpful to reduce temperature that plant coverage rate be raised.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.1144-1155
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• 2006

Digital communication networks have become a core technology in advanced building automation systems. BACnet(Building Automation and Control networks) is a standard data communication protocol designed specifically for building automation and control systems. BACnet adopts Master-Slave/Token-Passing(MS/TP) protocol as one of its field level networks. In this study, we introduce a method of implementing a bandwidth allocation scheme in the MS/TP protocol. The bandwidth allocation scheme improves the capability of real-time communication of the original MS/TP protocol. The bandwidth allocation scheme introduced in this paper can be easily implemented in the existing MS/TP protocol with a slight modification. In this study, we actually developed the hardware and firmware of the modified MS/TP communication module in which the bandwidth allocation scheme is implemented. Using the modified MS/TP communication module, we developed an experimental model in order to examine the validity of the bandwidth allocation scheme in the MS/TP protocol. Experimental results show that the modified MS/TP protocol satisfies the requirements of real time communication for periodic and urgent messages of BACnet communication services.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2007

The integration of PV modules into building facades or roof could raise their temperature that results in the reduction of PV system's electrical power generation. Hot air can be extracted from the space between PV modules and building envelope, and used for heating in buildings. The extraction of hot air from the space will enhance the performance of BIPV systems. The solar collector utilizing these two aspects is called PV/T(photovoltaic/thermal) solar collector. This paper compares the experimental performance of two different types of air type PV/T collector units: the base case of a collector unit with 10cm gap for forced ventilation and the other unit with copper pin attached to PV module to enhance its thermal performance. The experimental results shows that the base case unit had the overall efficiency of 41.9% and the improved unit with copper pin attached to PV module had 50.1% efficiency. For these air type PV/T units, the forced ventilation of the air space improved the electrical performance as well as the thermal performance.