• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 1986

The present study conducted to examine the effects of proteins from different sources on Ca excretion in 6 healthy young adult Korean women. The subjects were given meat protein diet for 5 days and soy protein diet for subsequent 5 days. the two diets were similar in protein and Ca contents. Urinary and fecal samples were collected for the last 2 days of each diet period and were analyzed for Ca and P. The results were as following ; 1) Mean daily urinary calcium excretion was 126.5$\pm$22.70mg for meat protein diet and 83.7$\pm$17.19mg for soy protein diet and the difference was significant (P<0.025). 2) Fecal Ca excretion did not show significant difference between two experimental preiod ; 466.9$\pm$73.68 mg of meat portein diet 284.4$\pm$54.96mg for soy protein diet. 3) Three out of six subjects showed negative balance on meat protein diet, but only one showed negative balance on soy protein diet. The averageof the balances on meat protein diet was -65.4 $\pm$68.19 and that of soy protein diet was 155.3$\pm$52.28 ; the difference was significant(P<0.025). 4) Urinary P excretion tended to be higher on meat protein diet but was not significant compared to soy protein diet . Fecal P excretion was significantly higher (P<0.001) on soy protein diet. Overall P balances for meat protein diet and soy protein diet were 219.94 mg and 229.46mg respectively (P<0.05). The above results show that urinary Ca excretion was significantly higher on meat protein diet but fecal excretion did not show significant difference between meat protein diet and soy protein diet. The overall Ca balance was significantly higher on Soy protein diet compared to meat protein diet.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.817-824
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• 1995

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of dietary protein level on Ca efficiency in bone mineral density in growing male rats. Twenty male rate were divided into two groups. The rats in one group were fed on casein 20% diet as control group and the others were fed on casein 40% diet as protein group. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. The total body, spine and femur bone mineral density and bone mineral content were measured using dual energy-x ray absorptiometry. Urinary calcium, phosphate, pyridinoline and creatinine, serum calcium, phosphate, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and osteocalcin were measured. Urinary Ca excretion, pyridinoline and crosslinks value and serum ALP content seem to be increased in high protein group. It appears that the growing rats in high protein group had a higher bone resprption and bone formation than those in control group. Animal fad a high protein diet had a siginficantly higher Ca efficiency in BMD, BMC of total body, spine and femur. The results of this show that increasing of dietary protein level (40%) is beneficial of improvement of Ca efficiency during growing period.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.578-585
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• 1993

This study was performed to investigate effects of low fat diet and saturated fat supplementation on the function of the immune system. Forty male BALB/c mice average-weighing 15g were divided into two dietary groups: 0.7% safflower oil group and 4.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil group. Results are as follows; 1) Food intake, body weight, organ weight, agglutination test, differential white cell count and histological examination of spleen were not different in two dietary groups during the experimental period. 2) Delayed-type hypersensitive test of the mice fed 4.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil was significantly higher than that of the mice fed 0.7% safflower oil ($\alpha$=0.05). 3) Plaque forming cell was significantly reduced at 10th week compared to 7th week in both groups($\alpha$=0.05). Although there was no significant difference between two groups. 0.7% safflower oil groups showed slightly higher plaque forming cell than 4.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil group.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the effect of different sources of $\omega$3 fatty acid in the diet with a similar polyunsaturated/saturated (P/S) fatty acid ratio and $\omega$6/$\omega$3 fatty acid ratio as well as excess DHA on the plasma fatty acid composition and cholesterol level of rats. Three experimental diets contained 10% (w/w) dietary lipids. The control diet and one treatment diet were corn oil-based diets with different $\omega$-3 fatty acid sources: perilla (CO) or fish oil (CF), respectively. In order to examine the effect of excess DHA, the other treatment diet (FO) was a fish oil-based diet with corn oil to supply essential fatty acids at the level of 1.8% (w/w) of the diet. Female Sprague Dawley rats were fed the experimental diets for 2 weeks prior to mating and throughout gestation and lactation. Pups were weaned to the same diet of dams at 21 days of age. Plasma fatty acid compositions and cholesterol contents were analyzed for pups at 3th, 7th and 10th week after birth. Plasma DHA concentrations increased significantly as the level of fish oil supplementation increased. Three-, seven- and ten-week old rats fed on CO diet which contained only $\alpha$-lino1enic acid as a $\omega$-3 fatty acid Source had Plasma DHA levels of 4.85%, 3.15% ana 2.47%, respectively, suggesting that rats at this period of development can convert $\alpha$-linolenic acid to DHA. But the ability to form DHA might be limited, since dietary DHA showed to be more effective in raising the plasma level of DHA. There was a significant negative correlation between DHA and cholesterol concentration of the rat plasma at 7th week (r=0.34, p<0.05) and l0th week after birth (r=036, p<0.05), proving the hypocholesterolemic effect of DHA.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2013

We demonstrate enhanced growth, innate immunity and protection against hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-induced protein oxidation and cellular DNA damage in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed a chitosan-coated moist pallet (MP) diet. A chitosan-based biopolymer coated MP as the experimental diet and a non-coated MP (control) was fed to olive flounder fish. Growth, including the average weight gain (g/fish), weight gain (%) and feed intake (g) of the fish group fed a chitosan-coated MP diet increased significantly. The survival rate was reported as 100% throughout the experimental period. Immunological parameters indicated higher mucus lysozyme activity and significantly higher fish skin mucus total protein content was observed in fish fed the chitosan-coated MP diet compared to the control. A blood plasma analysis revealed attenuation of cellular DNA and protein oxidative damage caused by $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress in the fish fed the chitosan-coated MP diet compared to the control group. Moreover, blood serum biochemical analysis revealed health-promoting effects, including significantly higher hemoglobin and total cholesterol levels in the fish fed the chitosan-coated MP diet compared to the control group. In conclusion, growth, innate immunity and protection against oxidative stresses were improved by feeding of the chitosan-coated MP diet to olive flounder reared in aquaculture.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2003

This study investigated the effects of high amylose starch (HAS) consumption on gut functions in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental animals were fed an diet containing HAS for 4 weeks (0, 125, 250, 500 g/kg diet). Stool weights, transit time, the pH of cecum, Bifidobacterium growth, short chain fatty acid production, and prostaglandin E$_2$production in colon mucus were measured. HAS intake did not affect body weight gain or food efficiency ratio during experimental period. There were no significant differences in kidney weight, epididymal fat pad weights or spleen weights, but the weights of the liver and thymus were significantly lower in the HAS100 group. The length of the large intestine, the weights of the cecum wall and cecum contents, and stool weights significantly increased through HAS intake. But transit time was not affected by the experimental diet. Although Bifidobacterium growth in the cecum increased through the HAS intake dose dependently, there were significant differences in the HAS50 and HAS100 groups. HAS intake increased the production of short chain fatty acid in the cecum contents. In particular, acetate and butyrate concentrations grew significantly. And the production of prostaglandin E$_2$in the colon mucus significantly decreased through HAS intake. These results demonstrate that high amylose starch intake significantly improves gut function.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.326-336
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• 1991

종류가 다른 채소 3종을 임의로 선정하여 마우스의 Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg 밸런스에 어떠한 영향을 미치며, 또한 채소의 종류나 양, 사육기간이 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인인지 조사하였다. 실험동물은 8주된 SPF계 마우스 130마리를 사용했으며 평균 체중은 $29{\sim}38g$이었다. 마우스 10마리를 대조군으로, 나머지 120마리를 3군으로 나누어 이를 다시 두군으로 나누어 한마리씩 분리 사육시켰다. 대조군은 물(2차 증류수)과 식이를 제한없이 주고 다른군은 물 대신 임의로 선정한 채소 3종(당근, 껍질콩, 호박)으로 대체하고 각군 20마리 중 10마리는 1주(단기간) 10마리는 2주(장기간) 사육시켜 실험 완료일 까지의 실험식이 섭취량이 대조군과 유의적인 차가 없는 마우스만을 실험대상으로 하였다. 또한 이들 채소의 양에 따라서 당근대량군(12마리), 당근소량군(10마리), 껍질콩대량군(11마리), 껍질콩소량군(9마리), 호박대량군(10마리), 호박소량군(14마리)으로 분류하였다. 체중증가는 대조군에 비하여 껍질콩대량군이 높게 나타났으며, 식이 효율은 대조군에 대한 차이가 없었다. 분변과 요량은 채소 급여에 의하여 증가하였다. 체중증가와 식이효율, 분변과 요량에는 채소의 종류나 양, 사육기간등이 작용인자로는 확인되지 않았다. 무기질 섭취량은 대조군에 비하여 Na, Ca, Fe, Cu가 호박대량군에서 가장 낮게 나타났고, K는 당근대량군이 가장 높게 나타났으며 Zn, Mg는 껍질콩대량군에서 가장 높게 나타났다. Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg의 흡수율과 밸런스는 대조군이 플러스의 균형을 나타내는데 반하여 채소 급여군은 모두 마이너스의 균형을 나타내었다. 채소의 종류, 양, 사육기간이 Na, K, Ca, Cu, Zn의 섭취량에, Cu, Zn의 흡수율에, K, Cu, Zn 평형에 각각 영향을 미치는 요인인 것으로 확인되었다. K, Zn, Mg는 대조군에 비하여 실험군의 섭취량이 증대 했음에도 불구하고 흡수율은 마이너스이였다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2016

Objectives: The objective of this research is to develop new animal-experimental model for Sasang Constitutional Medicine, especially for partial Taeyangin(one of four constitution which has good pulmonary function and poor hepatic function) by AAP intraperitoneal injection, and to estimate from the viewpoint of obesity and lipid metabolism. Methods: The C57bl/6J mice was divided into 4 groups ; Normal group, AAP group, High-Fat-Diet(HFD) group, and HFD+AAP group. 200mg AAP was injected intraperitoneally to the AAP group twice a week for six weeks, and HFD group was fed with 60%-High-fat Diet for six weeks. HFD+AAP group got both AAP injection and 60%-High-fat Diet at the same time for the same period. In this period, We measured the weight and Food Efficiency Ratio(FER, %) once a week. After six weeks, We conducted the blood chemical test from the groups, and extracted the fat tissue to measure weight. Results & conclusion: In the liver function test, two AAP groups had higher AST and ALP, and normal LDH. The blood level of creatinine from all groups were normal. The rate in weight was lesser by 7.8% in HFD+AAP group, and had lesser FER than HFD group. Also They had lesser Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, and had more HDL cholesterol than HFD group. HFD+AAP group hadmore glucose in serum and lesser Insulin-like Growth Factor 1(IGF-1) than HFD group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.748-753
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• 2001

This study is to investigate the effects of capsaicin with high-fat diet on tissue glycogen contents in exercise-trained rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a high-fat diet for 2 wks in individual cages and were exercise-trained by a animal treadmill running throughout the experimental period. After 2 wks of the prefeeding with high-fat diet, the rats were divided into two group: high-fat diet group(CON)and high-fat diet + capsaicin(0.014%) group(CAP). The rats were killed by decapitation at 10 hr(rest), 1 hr and 2 hr after treadmill running(27m/min, 6$^{\circ}$). Body weight and epididymal adipose tissure weight were significantly lower in CAP than in CON, but soleus muscle weight was not different between the two groups. Glycogen contents in liver, soleus and gastrocnemius white muscles were significantly lower in CAP than in CON at rest, 1 hr and 2 hr (p<0.05). However, glycogen content in gastrocnemius red muscle was significantly higher in CAP compared with CON at 2 hr after the exercise(p<0.05). These results indicate that capsaicin intake with high-fat diet would decrease glycogen contents in liver and muscle, however, this effect on glycogen metabolism could be changed by muscle type.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2001

The effects of addition of activated carbon to diet of broiler on productivity and meat quality of broilers were investigated. 48 broiler raised for six week. The addition level of activated carbon to each group was added 0, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2%, respectively. During the experimental feeding period, weekly gain and feed intake of treatment fed diets contain 0.6 and 0.9 percent activated carbon were higher compared with those fed on control diet, though effects of diets containing graded levels of activated carbon on the feed efficiency were not found. When broilers were fed activated carbon on crude protein level of birds were higher compared with that of control diet. Also, crude fat of broilers fed diet containing activated carbon were shown to decrease compared with those fed of control diet(p<0.05). The pH from activated carbon diets was rather higher than that of control(p<0.05). The content of VBN and TBARS was not significantly different among all treatments. The heating loss has tend to decrease in activated carbon diet groups(p<0.05). The WHC tend to be increase in activated carbon diet groups(p<0.05). Blood cholesterol was no significantly different.