• 대한지구과학교육학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.12-19
• /
• 2011

This study aimed to analyze the teachers' cognitions about the primary science textbooks(experiment and observation) used in elementary schools. This study surveyed 211 teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS WIN 10.0. The results of this study are as follows : Most of the teachers showed positive opinions on the directions of the compilation of experiment and observation textbook. Teachers used experiment and observation textbook as summary notes, experiment reports and evaluating methods. The experiment and observation textbooks should be compiled and reorganized in order as follows : Lesson introduction, inquiry activities, and intensive and supplementary activities which are followed by space of description in experiment and observation textbook.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.33-45
• /
• 1990

To achieve the aim of science education, it is known that warious teaching, and learning materials should have to be used. As a sub-textbook for primary science education, 'Sil Hum-Kwan Chal (Experiment and Observation), teaching and learing material are developed and using now in science. This material have following characteristics; (a) Soruce-book contains reading materials for additional information, various pictures to enririch the science concepts, and supplementary and enrichment activities. (b) Work-book consists of the detailed procedures of activities of experiments presented in the textbook, student can record the experimental procedures and results. (c) Operational manuals provide operation techniques for experimental equipments which are used in science class. In this study the using status are surveyed for the 3rd grade of primary school, and based on this survey the improvement plan are discussed in view of design, quantity and utility, of sub-textbook.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.184-190
• /
• 2010

This study is to verify the effects of classes at a finishing stage using cartoons depicting certain science textbook units on scientific attitudes and academic achievements of students, compared to those of classes using experiment and observation oriented textbooks. Participants of this study were 56 fifth graders at B Elementary School in Busan, and cartoon textbooks were developed based on 'Unit 1. Mirror & Lens' and 'Unit 3. Temperature & Wind' from a science textbook for the 1st semester, the year 5 to conduct cartoon led lessons just before ending a class till the 10th lesson, for the period of 4 weeks. The result of this study can be summarized as follows: Firstly, scientific attitudes improved better from the cartoon based lesson of a final stage than from the experiment and observation method, and especially more effective in lower groups among all other academic achievement levels as well as in male students. Secondly, academic achievements scored higher when cartoons were used in lessons than when the experiment and observation type was used, with higher groups of academic achievement levels working better, despite no significant gap existing between two genders. Thirdly, the memory transfer and sustenance of lessons were more effective in finishing class stage with cartoon studies than with experiment and observation one, and among all levels and both sexes, higher academic groups and male pupils exceeded. Fourthly, when questioned about their opinions on a cartoon led lesson for a final stage, 65% of those participants responded positively, while higher groups preferred more than lower groups. responded positively, while higher groups preferred more than lower groups.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.528-541
• /
• 1999

제 6차 교육과정에 의해 발행된 4종의 공통과학 교과서의 탐구영역 중 탐구실험을 중심으로 과학탐구 평가표(SIEI)를 사용 하여 탐구 활동을 분석하였다. 공통과학 4종의 교과서의 탐구활동의 평균 횟수는 115.5회로 나타났고, 교과서별 비교에서 B교과서가 147회로 가장 많고, D교과서가 121회, C교과서가 100회, A교과서가 94회로 가장 적어 교과서별로 차이가 나타났다. 탐구활동 영역별 횟수는 관찰이 22회, 실험이 117회, 자료해석이 196회, 조사가 64회.. 토의가 51회, 분류가 4회 그리고 예상이 8회로 개념적 탐구 활동이 탐구실험에 비해 약 2.3배 정도 많이 나타났다. 탐구과제수는 A교과서가 268개, B교과서가 328개, C교과서가 207개 그리고 D교과서가 304개로 C교과서가 가장 적었다. 탐구활동의 구조적 분석 중 경쟁/협동구조의 평가에서 공동과제, 조별결과가 87.1%, 토론구조평가에서 토론이 없는 활동이 83.5%, 탐구자유도 평가에서 문제, 방볍, 답이 모두 제시된 탐구활동이 58.3%, 탐구영역평가에서 교과내용의 증명이나 시범활동이 66.9%로 이들이 각 평가영역에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 공통과학4종의 교과서에 대한 탐구과정을 종합적으로 평가한 탐구피라미드 구조는 모두 형태 I 구조를 나타내었고, 탐구지수는 평균 47.8로 매우 높은 수준이었다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.453-464
• /
• 2019

In this study, the types of inquiry activities in the $5^{th}$ & $6^{th}$ grade science textbooks according to the 2015 revised science national curriculum were analyzed and compared according to grade level and science area. Science textbooks for elementary school $5^{th}$ & $6^{th}$ graders contain quite diverse types of inquiry activities, which are student-centered inquiry activities. There were comparatively higher proportions of inquiry types such as experiment & observation and simulation, but relatively lower of inquiry types of investigation-discourse & presentation, discussion, expression. Elementary science textbooks are expected to cultivate science key competencies for elementary school students. Considering the science area, the motion & energy, substances, earth & space, and integration areas had the most experiment & observation among activity types, while the life area had the most simulation activities. Even in some area of the 6th grade science textbook, there was little or no data interpretation, discussion, and simulation activities. In order to achieve the goal of elementary science education, science textbooks should be developed considering the revision of future elementary science curriculum.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.35-46
• /
• 1999

The most of elementary school science textbook contents are composed of observation and experiment activities. When students study natural phenomena, observation and experiment are st rongly emphasized to improve understanding of scientific concepts and inquiry abilities. The purpose of this study is deep understanding about experimental science classes. This ethnographic study is conducted by observations of experimental science classes in natural setting and interviews of teachers, students of the 5th grade. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, the general process of the elementary science experimental classes is 'identifying learning purposes -1 planning experiments -1 predicting the results -1 experimenting-t summarizing the results.' The experiments are conducted by group activities and the teachers conceived that the me st difficult step considered by students is 'planning experiments'. Second, students like hands-on activities, but they feel difficulty on less guided experiments. Students perform results oriented-activities. Third, in group activities, students prefer to work with the same gender or collaborative peers.

• 한국환경교육학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경교육학회 2002년도 후반기 정기 학술발표대회
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2002

Inquiry activity contents presented at a chapter on natural environment and our lives in 6 science textbooks of the middle school were analyzed based on kinds of the inquiry Loaming classified by textbook. The number of inquiry activity subjects showed severe variation as mean value was 8.3${\times}$3.7 ranged from 4 to 15. Moreover, textbooks had little common point among each other as the percentage of subjects appeared together in the textbooks more than 3 kinds, 50% of total ones investigated, was just 26.3%. Data interpretation occupied significant position in the inquiry activity as 42% of total activity contents, whereas observation and experiment (or survey) did slight part of the activity as 10% and 16%, respectively even though they are main factors of science education. A model for field education based on the reasonable common subjects was prepared in the Gildong ecological park located In the eastern fringe of Seoul as a plan in order to solve the problems.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.584-590
• /
• 2005

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.283-300
• /
• 2011

이 연구는 초등학교 수학 지도에서 직관적 원리의 중요성을 인식하고, 교육과정과 그 해설서, 그리고 교과서에 제시된 직관적 원리에 의한 교육 내용을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 초등학교 교육과정과 그 해설서에 제시된 교육 내용에서 직관적 원리에 의한 내용을 추출하고, 이 내용이 교과서에 어떻게 구현되었는가를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 교육과정의 수학 교과의 성격에서는 직관적 원리에 의한 지도를 제시하고 있었으나, 목표와 학습 방법, 평가에서는 직관적 원리에 의한 지도 내용을 제시하지 않고 있었다 또한 내용영역에서는 교육과정 문서에는 직관적 원리에 의한 지도 내용을 제시하지 않았고, 교육과정 해설서에만 도형 영역 12개, 측정 영역 1개, 확률과 통계영역 2개가 제시되어 있었다. 그리고 본 연구에서 제시한 직관적 지도 원리 6가지 중에서 특정 원리에 치중되어 있었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 교육과정 구안과 교과서 집필에 필요한 직관적 원리에 따른 수학 지도의 시사점을 도출하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 2009개정 과학 교과서에 새롭게 추가된 캐릭터의 역할 범주화, 역할 및 발문 분석을 통해 과학 교과서에 사용된 캐릭터의 기초 정보를 제공하고 추후 교과서 제작에 참고할 수 있는 시사점을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 2009개정 초등학교 과학과 교육과정에 따라 개발된 과학 교과서 중 4학년 교과서이다. 분석방법은 분석 대상 선정 및 분석틀 개발, 캐릭터 역할 분석, 발문 분석이다. 연구 결과, 캐릭터의 역할 유형은 자료제공, 동기유발, 탐구 활동 안내, 탐구결과 순으로 활용되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 과학 교과서 속 캐릭터를 영역별로 분석한 결과 생명 영역이 자유탐구, 에너지, 물질, 지구 영역보다 많이 활용되는 것으로 나타났다. 발문 유형 분석 결과는 확산적, 예상적, 적용적, 재인적 발문 순으로 나타났고 회상적, 평가적 발문은 없었다. 본 연구 결과는 그림과 텍스트의 결합 형태로 제시되는 캐릭터의 역할을 범주화하고 그 역할을 규명하여 실제 교과서 속에 활용된 캐릭터를 분석하였다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 이는 앞으로 초등 과학 교과서를 구성하는 과정에서 보다 체계적이고 유기적인 캐릭터 활용에 시사점을 줄 것이라 판단된다.