• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.22
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• pp.371-411
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• 2011

In the twenty first century of rapid cultural change performing art requires new mode of expression based on imaginative power and creativity as well as establishing its own identity. The modern technological environment support this with advanced technology and bring about the expansion of reason from new experience. The introduction of digital media on artistic expression in particular, expands the physical ability of human body which is the main subject of performing art. A virtual body from digital technology is freed from physical boundaries and goes over space and time. It also suggests the possibility of new mode of communication with audience. This study aims at examining the subject of performing art and its digitalized movement focusing on EveR, the world's first professional robot actor. The robot actor which came on stage according to the new expression medium, a digital body, stands in need not only of technological value but also of cultural and artistic application for expression in art. In this endeavor to meet the demand, this study examines the development process and function of 'EveR' the robot actor. Also it searches into the performance of Ever which replaced human being as well as the historical significance of the title:the world's first. To be more specific, there is a example research on two performances:a pansori play "EveR is simply stunning(2009)" and children's play "The Robot Princess and Seven Dwarfs(2009)." Through this example research, it is enabled to anticipate the influence of robot actors on performing arts and to search for the better way of them to evolve. Furthermore, it aims at finding ways to create high value through promoting robot actors to be familiar to the public as well as supporting them to become active cultural contents. The performance with robotic technology is one of the artistic experiment that may cause the change of the future of performing art by actualizing technological imagination together with human body and machinery. As a consequence, it is expected that the meeting of performing art and robotic technology gives positive influence on activating performing art as one of the integrated cultural phenomenon which satisfies the taste of modern era. Moreover, this study may also be the beginning of the expansion of performing art to stretch to diverse field.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.299-320
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• 2012

We have information through a variety of media such as language, pictures and internet. Since we get information through texts mostly, we can say that reading ability which enables a person to read a text and understand its meaning basically is the most essential for people to possess. Taking the advantage of the fact that a school is a place where learning and daily-life guidance can be made at the same time, we need to try encouraging students to involve in learning process and feel a sense of accomplishment by adding consultation between a teacher and a student or between a student and a student in Korean subject. This study selected two fifth grade classes of an elementary school of small and medium-sized city as an experimental group and a control group respectively and applied reading strategy program by using interaction of complementary lesson as the number of ten times during five weeks. It focused on making students interested in complementary class and encouraging them to become active participants. This study's goal is to see if the reading strategy program affects students' reading comprehension, metacognition and a sense of self-efficacy The results of the study are as in the following: first, the reading strategy program of complementary lesson is effective in students' reading comprehension and a range of factual understanding and sentimental understanding. Second, the reading strategy program of complementary lesson is effective in adjustment area as a subordinate factor of metacognition. Third, the reading strategy program of complementary lessonis effective in students' sense of self-efficacy. It is shown that experience of using new reading strategy and successful experience and help in peer-group members have a positive effects on a student's sense of self-efficacy. Forth, as the result of satisfaction evaluation over the program with the students' activity report and researchers' observation results, the study shows that the organization and operation of the program influences on students' effort and participation to reach the goal together positively. Through the results as above, we can say that the reading strategy program of complementary lesson have a positive effect on a student's reading comprehension, metacognition and a sense of self-efficacy.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.576-593
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to identify the current status of ethics education in science and technology for pre-service science teachers and find out their recognition on the needs for ethics education at school. A survey was administered for this study and a total of 594 pre-service science teachers studying in college/university of education participated. The survey was organized to examine participants' 1) experience in ethics education in science and technology, 2) recognition on the needs of ethics education in science and technology, and 3) the need for it in elementary and secondary school. Each item was responded using either 1 to 5 Likert type scale, multiple choices, or open questionnaires. The results showed that 37.4% of participants obtain science technology information from the mass media, and 23.5% from the school education. Only 8.4% of the participants had the experience of taking class on ethics in science and technology. In terms of level of confidence in understanding the ethical issues in science and technology, the average response was 2.73. However, their perception on the needs of the ethics education ranges from 3.34 to 4.58, which is much stronger than other responses on average. This strong perception on the needs was much higher for pre-service science teachers for elementary school, than those of the secondary school(p<.05). All participants recognized the need for ethics education in science and technology at both elementary and secondary school. In responses for which subject should provide ethical issues on science and technology, science class was most frequently suggested (62.4%), followed by ethics class (29.1%). In responses for the most efficient form of learning, they suggested that case studies (43.5%), followed by discussions (41.4%) would be an efficient way to learn. Even in the responses of open questionnaires asking for efficient ways of learning ethical issues, participants suggested that discussions on various ethical issues on the cases in the science and technology would provide practical and substantial learning.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 1996

This study was conducted to reveal the relationship between the oral health status and their Knowledges about the oral health of the freshman of colleges in Taegu city. The evaluation for the oral health status through the oral examinations and their analysis of their knowledges on the periodontal disease were done on 216 males and 205 females from 1st to 30th April, 1993. The obtained results were as follows: The oral health status of 421 subject showed that 35.7% was good, 59.1% fair, and 6.2% poor, respectively. In case of the oral health status of females, 41.9% was good and 4.4% poor, and then in males 27.8% was good, 7.8% poor. The oral health status of the females was better than that of the males(p=0.006). The 52.1% among the good oral health status group answered that the dental plaque is the bacterial membrane causing dental disease, and the 23.1% among the poor oral health status group answered same as the above. The 91.8% among the good oral health status group answered that the periodontal diseases can be prevented, and the same answer came out from 15.4% of the poor group. It was found that the better oral health status group had the better knowledges about periodontal disease(p=0.001). For the question about their experiences in scaling the 30.1% of good oral health status group and the 23.1% of poor group answered that scaling is very helpful to periodontal health(p=0.001). About the experience of the education for tooth brushing, the 53.2% of good oral health status group and the 7.6% of poor group had the experiences to receive the education for tooth brushing(p=0.001). About the frequency and the time of tooth brushing, the 53.4% of good oral health status group brushed their teeth more then 3 times a day and 41.8% of good group brushed their teeth after every meal(p=0.001). The result of multiple regression analysis according to the simplified oral health index indicated that the variable having an effect on the oral health status was the tooth brushing frequency, knowledge of periodontal disease prevention, experience in education of tooth brushing and time of tooth brushing(p=0.001).

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.101-118
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• 1990

This study was intended to investigate actual conditions and problems relating to a variety of substance which have been used by students. A Questionnaire survey was carried out with the subject of 2411 students in an academic boys' high school, academic girls' high school, technical boys' high school and technical girls' high school in Pusan, from the 15th day to 29th day of March, 1989. The summarized results were as follows. There was not a remarkable difference in distribution of these subjects in boys' & girls' high school. The common and good health condition of subjects accounted for 90 percent or higher. 24.4 percent of them also had smoking experience, 11.6 percent of which continues to smoking. The understanding rate of these substances name other than sedative, psychostimulants and antihypnotic accounted for 90 percent or higher. The experience rate taking these substances for one year showed that anodyne, digestive and nutritive tonic accounted for 70 percent, antihypnotic for 15.6 percent, sedative for 1.4 percent, respectively, and psychostimulants for 0.5 percent. Moreover. it was shown that drugs accounted for 1.5 percent, bond for 1.4 percent, and thinner for 0.5 percent. The rate of the daily experiencers who took anodyne, digestive, nutritive tonic, sedatives, and psychostimulants and so on was 7.7 percent, 6.2 percent, 5.2 percent, 5.9 percent, and 5.0 percent respectively. This fact implied that there was a serious problem in high school students' non - narcotic abuse. The usage rate of these substances for treatment purpose showed that anodyme accounted for 90 percent or higher, and digestive for 70-80 percent, respectively, where girl students showed higher rate than one of boy students. Additionally, there was higher the usage rate for other purposes. The usage rate of drugs was highest when these students felt melancholy and curiousity. Their obtaining place appeared that these students mainly obtained these drugs, bonds and thinners from a small shop or peddler and their friend while they usually obtained other substance from the pharmacy and medical institute. The first usage time of these substances appeared during the middle school (the age of 14-15) which was the highest rate. The smoker of all subjects used remarkly large substances as compared with one of no-smoker. Particularly, it appeared that the usage of drugs was very closely related to smoking. The large number of students did not use these substances for oesrable purposes even though they understood the name of these substances. For this reason, from primasy schools it is required to teach the students dependence and harmful effects caused by these substances abuse. Moreover, it was shown that these students firstly used these substances during the middle school (the age of 14-15)due to curiosity. As a result, it is very urgent to give the students health education suitabale for prevention of these substance abuse, when considering harmful effects of these substances. And so health education for no-smoking. Finally, considering that it is very easy to obtain these substances from a small shop and pharmacy, the regulation of these substances control should be considered and completed in the future.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.573-584
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• 2019

It is necessary to look at the essence of STEAM education from the viewpoint of the teacher who is the subject of education execution. We carry out questionnaires and telephone interviews for the purpose, definition, change, etc. of STEAM education from eight elementary, middle, and high teachers who are rich in policy and field application experience. As a result of the analysis, the purpose of the STEAM education that the specialists mentioned includes the active participation of the students. Most experts pointed out that the definition of STEAM education is ambiguous. So, it is necessary to express a clear goal of STEAM education. The category and level meaning "fields" from "a convergence of two or more fields" are not indicative definitions, but can be different depending on the situation, considering the context of activities and the level of students. The perception of the experts on framework may be a guide for STEAM education and stumbling block. It is necessary for "Context" to shift away from the emphasis on the real life connection and to the emphasis on the interest of the student and the guidance of the class. "Creative design" must be based on trial and error in the process of solving problems. "Emotional touch" needs to correct elements that cannot be observed, evaluated, and applied to lessons that are elements of emotional experience. As for the expansion of STEAM education, most expert teachers have recognized that STEAM education is becoming increasingly stable and that policy change has continued to slow the pace of stabilization.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1169-1181
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the regular Upright Body Type Excercise on posture, muscle strength of leg, lung capacity and depression of people with mental illness. The subjects of this study were recruited from B mental health center (5 years and more mental illness patients, n=19) located in P city. For the exercise group, They were carried out the Upright Body Type Excercise Program during 8 weeks (60 min/time, 3 times/week). They were randomly divided into two groups. Exercise group (n=10) and Control group (n=9). And also, they were agreed with consent forms before the experiments. Research results were as follows. Through the upper body type exercise, there was significantly difference in PEF and FEV1/FVC in the trained group. And also, there was much improved in depression level in the trained group. The change of melancholy feeling before and after the program was not statistically significant. However, because of limitations of sampling size due to the peculiarities of the program participants, in consideration of the limit of statistical validation exists clearly, intended to better understand the subjective experience of attendees, qualitative analyzing(qualitative research) was carried out in parallel. It was conducted a deep interview only person accepted among program participants, thematic analysis, subject analysis tasks to be subdivided by classifying by considering the semantic units of what participants expressed, was thus carried out. It found that the degree of melancholy feeling of mental disorders who participated in the Upright Body Typed Exercise Program was reduced. The course of the experience of change in depression appered the three subjects and six sub-themes such as "the start of the change", "interest of the program", "recognition of the need of the body’s health", "physical health promotion", "recovery of physical function", "negative change of habits (attitude)", "reduction of sense of depression", "confidence that it is possible to", "hope for the future". Therefore, upper body type exercise is much helpful in lung capacity and mental health of people with mental illness. So, this type of exercise mostly needed in the people with mental illness group than the other group for the quality of life.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.13
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• pp.49-66
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• 2000

Despite the fact that understanding customers satisfaction with transportation services is a subject of great importance, authors, so far, found no systematic researches referred to that issue. From this point, studying the satisfaction with subways services can be extremely useful. Empirical study of key factors in the satisfaction with subway services is the departure point, which holds as objectives, and we believe, will contribute to overall increasing in the number of subways services used and in the amount of public benefits derived from that usage. In order to achieve these goals: First, several items referred to some key factors in the satisfaction of subway usage were systemized. Second, a research of specific weights attached to those key factors by subway passengers was conducted. Knowledge of the satisfaction variables system can provide deep insights into ones perceptual experience when using a subway. The results were as follows: Various interrelated factors compose a passengers satisfaction with subway services. People do not just use subway passively; a number of key factors, like physical and personal services, exact timing, easiness to access etc. determine the passengers satisfaction with subway. In order to find out specific weights of these key factors multiple regression analysis was employed. Results showed that satisfaction with subway is determined by (in order of importance) easiness to access, quality of physical services, friendliness of working stuff and timing exactness. According to the findings, passengers do not use subway as a simple mean of transportation, rather they perceive it as a complex combination of environmental elements and overall satisfaction depends on these various factors. Therefore, to learn passengers satisfaction with subways services, passengers subway experience must be thoroughly studied and analyzed, and this is where papers value resides.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.82-93
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• 2008

This research focused on the process in which 'the same scenery' is recognized and represented as 'a different landscape' to determine the symbols and meaning of the scenery and landscape included in real-scenery landscape paintings of the 18th-19th centuries. As a result of analyzing the visual points, the content and expressions of 25 real-scenery landscape paintings of Chong Seok Jeong(叢石亭), it can be seen that the transmission of a kind of semiotic landscape on the basis of a specific symbol was accomplished naturally through imitation and representation for the purpose of the expression of Chong Seok Jeong-like idealized scenery. This shows that the unique images of Chong Seok Jeong have long been passed down after taking root as a unique benchmark The meaningful symbol of 'a strange Saseonbong(四仙峰)', which is broken by the spray after rising high, and 'a pine forest' have both been transmitted as being in the manner of Chong Seok Jeong. This has been equipped with the stereo-type scene by being a collective symbolization as the psycho-scenes in memory element of Chong Seok Jeong. Through the pictures of both Gyeomjae(謙齋) and Danweon(檀園), the process by which a specific painter's pictures become acculturated is highly interesting. The scenery expressed in these pictures was clearly that of a landscape of which its particularly emotions and remembrances were repainted through the experience of several places and original sketches. This can be explained as the concept in which the image from 'a specific scenery' gained through actual experience, that is, a personal feeling, has been expressed. The picture that was expressed as a different figure even at the same visual point for the same scenery is the result that was redefined through the scenery subject's recognition. Also, the modification of the scenery object can be colorful through meditation and Sachu(邪推: guessing with wicked doubt). The scenery recognized newly through adoption, omission and emphasis, it is 'the specific scenery' in the heart and is a figure having been more similar to 'a landscape' if the objective life reproduction before being acculturated is a figure similar to the scenery. So, the concept looks like being very persuasive that 'the nature with objectivity captured sensuously' simply is the scenery, and that 'the subjective phenomenon having acquired the cultural nature by being introspected in the method of aesthetic nostalgia is a landscape'.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.487-495
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• 1996

The consumer perception on health and food habit, the experience of health food use and the discrimination between health food and drug of Korean consumer were surveyed by using a questionnaire containing 20 items in order to obtain the basic data for the assessment of the benefit and risk of health foods in Korea. A total of 1,000 people over 20 years of age living in Seoul and the vicinities were interviewed and asked to fill out the questionnaire during the period from the October 1995 to the February 1996. Among the 882 answers collected 23 was incomplete data, and 859 answers were used for the statistical analysis by using SAS program. The survey revealed a strong interest of the consumer on health food by showing that more than a half of the subjects (58.8%) had the experience of actual use of health food, and 68.2% believed the effectiveness. What the consumer expect most from health food was to have beneficial effect to maintain overall health condition (59.8%), and the most negative aspect of health food was the overstatement on the effectiveness by the producers (52.1%). The most important source of information for the purchase of health food was the suggestion of friends and relatives (30.6%). Among the health foods registered and regulated by the food law, royal jelly (22.7%), squalene (16.0%), refined fish oil (15.1%), lactic acid bacteria (10.6%) and aloe (8.8%) were relatively well aware. Although 84% of the subjects perceived that health food is different from drug or traditional medicine, the largest percentage of the subject selected ginseng as the most well known type of health food (22.7%) as well as the most well known drug (or traditional medicine) (41.7%). Ginseng was also chosen as the most frequently used health food (17.0%), and vitamin tablets the third (13.0%). The vague definition of health food and unambiguous discrimination of it from medicine by the consumers were problematic for the correct use and reasonable purchasing behavior. The clear definition and proper regulation on the manufacture and distribution of health food, more strict control of labelling and advertisement, and a wide consumer education on health food were recommended.