• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.111-120
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• 2012

This research analyzes on the factors and difference of the management performance in general hospital. In details, we provide that personnel expenses, materials costs and administrative expenses have impact on management performance in general hospital and these factors have differences by region and sickbed size. The meaningful results of this study as follow. In the first, personnel expenses ratio influence management performance but materials costs ratio and administrative expenses ratio are only partially impact for the management performance. Secondly, in the management performance by region, there are no significant differences between the two groups of the big city and small and medium-sized cities. In personnel expenses ratio, materials costs ratio and administrative expenses ratio, The materials costs ratio is significant difference but ersonne expenses ratio and administrative expenses ratio have no significant difference. Finally, there's no significant difference between the hospital size and management performance. But this study provide that there is partially a difference between personnel expenses ratio, materials costs ratio and administrative expenses ratio and the hospital size.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.105-125
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• 1990

The 78 housekeeping books were analyzed to find out the structure of income and expenditure of the farm household. The selected farm households were classified into 4 different farming types such as rice-cultivating, vinyl house, fruit-growing, and livestock farming. The results are summarized as follows : 1) The farm housekeeper ought to rationally manage farm household money income, because agricultural income was preponderated to several months regardless of farming types. 2) Farm household income was primarily dependent upon agricultural income and non-agricultural income in the livestock farming and rice-cultivating farm houshold respectively. 3) order of living expenses of the total farm households were recreation and entertainment expenses, food expenses, education expenses, and housing, fuel & light expenses in size. The major expenses were education expenses, food expenses and miscellaneous expenses in rice-cultivating, vinyl house and livestock farming, and fruit growing farm households respectively. 4) Balance of income and expenses of the farm household, s its time, size, and pattern of increase and decrease, was different by farming types. 5) Household expenses increased in February, May, August and December, though disposable income reversely decreased in February, April, August and December compared to each former month. So, special consideration should be taken into budget planning for household money management in February, August and December.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the changes of childcare expenses and private education expenses caused by target expanding the childcare subsidy policy and its relationship to household income. Methods: The study analyzed data of the Korean Welfare Panel Study from 2009, before the universal childcare policy was enforced, to 2013, when the universal childcare policy was enforced. Results and Conclusion: The results of analysis were as follows. First, while childcare expenses, private education expenses, and their ratios to household income showed a tendency of gradual decline, the graphs of childcare and private education expenses were symmetric. Second, there were differences in childcare and private education expenses among income classes. Third, in 2009, before the universal childcare policy was enforced, household income affected childcare and private expenses. Lastly, in 2013, after the universal childcare policy was implemented, household income had a greater effect on private education expenses, while the effect of household income on childcare expenses became insignificant.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.143-157
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• 2019

This study analyzed per capita expenditure (food expenses, housing expenses, health care costs, and cultural & entertainment expenses) by the consumption quintile for middle and older elderly households in addition to personal characteristics, household characteristics and economic factors affecting it. A sample collected from the 6th KLoSHA in 2016, was 2,983 households. First, among each per capita expenditure, the largest expenditure was food expenses, followed by housing expenses, health care costs and cultural & entertainment expenses. Compared with the first quintile of personal consumption expenditure, the largest increase in the fifth quintile was food expenses, followed by cultural & entertainment expenses, housing expenses, and health care costs. Second, compared to the fifth quintile of per capita food expenses, all other quintile had negative effects, and only the first quintile showed a negative effect compared to the fifth quintile of per capita housing expenses. The first, the second, and third quintile had a negative effect compared to the fifth quintile of per capita health care costs. Compared with the fifth quintile of per capita cultural & entertainment expenses, only the third quintile showed a negative effect. Third, in all quintile of per capita food expenses, the most influential variable from the first quintile to the third quintile was marital status, while in the fourth and fifth quintile included household income. In all quintile of per capita health care costs, health status was the most influential variable from the first quintile to the fourth quintile, and residence was in the fifth quintile.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.29-57
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• 2001

Since the inauguration of the medical insurance system in 1977, the increasing medical expenses which can be menace to tile finance of the medical insurance system, have become major concern in the medical insurance field In Korea. This study focuses on the determinants of the medical expenses in the health insurance in Korea and analyzes the impact of these factors on the increase in the medical expenses. The empirical work is done using the pooled cross-section and time-series data of the medical insurance for the self-employeds and the industrial workers from the year 1995 to 1997. The result of this study shows that the main determinants of the medical expenses in the health insurance are the ratio of the population of the aged to the total population, the frequency of the utilization, number of doctors per capita and the regime changes. Although the increasing trend in the medical expenses seems to be unavoidable, we probably need to add some efficiency to the medical expenses by suppressing the supply and the utilization of the unnecessary medical services. The fee-for-service reimbursement system of today can't suppress the supply of the unnecessary medical services effectively. So we need to convert the present fee-for-service system into DRG's which is known to reduce the medical costs. The increase in the medical expenses comes from a lot of factors. Therefore, we should develop more systematic and comprehensive measures to control the soaring medical expenses in consideration of the various factors such as demand, supply, and the organizational side of the medical system.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.43-62
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• 2000

The aim of this study was to analyze the apartment management expenses in the district of Pusan. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Haeundae Gu DB apartment showed the highest APT management expenses. 2. Kumjung Gu KSJK APT showed the Lowest management expenses. 3. The number of household and the period of construction didn’t have significant influences on the management expenses. 4. The method of heating system and the method of management had significant influences over the management expenses.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.89-102
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effects of "characteristics for household management" and "attitudes toward household management" on wives' personal expenses. The data were obtained from the F-GENS Korea Panel Survey of Ochanomizu University. The responses were gathered from married people in Seoul and its surrounding metropolitan area. The sample for this study was comprised of 473 married women. ANOVA and multiple-regression models were used to analyze the data. The results are summarized below. First, 13.5 percent of the respondents have zero personal expenses. Second, the personal expenses among the wives differed depending on their annual average income levels. Also, their personal expenses differed based on their type of employment. Third, the "expenditure ratio for family" and "expenditure ratio for children" negatively affected their personal expenses. Fourth, the women who had responsibility for the management of their households had lower personal expenses than the others.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.137-177
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• 2007

The medical expenses review system in Korea has developed under fee-for-service system with its own unique structure. The importance of reviewing medical expenses has been emphasized, as the size of medical expenditures moving through the health insurance legal context and its weight in the national economy have increased very rapidly. It is, however, analyzed that the feuds and arguments continue among the stakeholders for the lack of laws supporting the medical expenses review system. The medical expenses review is a series of administrative procedures, deciding whether claims from medical care institutions to the insurer are legal and valid or not. It mainly controls the increase of unnecessarily excessive health insurance claim and prevents fraudulent claim and abuse and checks the less use or unsuitable use of medical resources. It also works a function guarantees medical benefits for the appropriate treatment according to the object of health insurance system as a social insurance scheme. The dispute on legal base of the medical expenses review is about the source of law in the medical expenses review. There are the Health Insurance Act and administrative laws as jus scriptum and the guidelines of review as administrative orders. The medical expenses review should reflect various factors, such as the development of medical healthcare technologies, the health expenditures distribution, the financial situation of the health insurance, and the evaluation on the level of appropriate benefits. It is also likely to adapt to the traits of characters of medicine, and trends and transition, Besides it should judge the legality and the validity of medical benefits expenditures by synthesizing these all factors. And the evaluation system of appropriateness of medical benefits was administrative procedure which was consecutive with reviewing the medical expenses system and it was intended to make up for the result of reviewing the medical expenses in more comprehensive levels.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of advertising expenses of fashion companies on sales from a financial viewpoint. To do so, the advertising expenses and the sales of 194 manufacturing and distribution companies in the fashion industry, as per the income statements posted by the individual companies, were analyzed. The results are as follows. First, there was a statistically significant correlation between advertising expenses and sales. The higher the advertising expenses, the higher the sales. Second, there was no statistically significant differences between companies with different sizes of sales. Third, the effects of advertising expenses on sales of fashion companies were statistically significant. The higher the increase of the ratio of advertising expenses, the higher the increase of the ratio of sales, and vice versa. This study differs from others in that it uses financial data, which has been neglected in previous studies regarding the fashion industry, to analyze the relationship between advertisement and sales. It will lend help to fashion companies seeking to rationally manage advertising expenses and come up with effective advertising policies.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2017

Objectives : This study compared Value added to personnel expenses between 12 private general hospitals and 12 regional public hospitals, based on location and size, to examine industry competitiveness in terms of management. Methods : From 2011 to 2015, the value added and value added to personnel expenses were calculated by year. and a SPSS statistical program was used to determine and influential factors between private general hospitals and regional public hospitals. Results : The total value added to personnel expenses was 26.85 percent lower than general hospitals compared to regional public hospitals. The product category most influenced by the value added to personnel expenses was Stationeries & expendables at general hospitals and Outsourcing at regional public hospitals. Conclusions : Regional public hospitals have relatively low value added to personnel expenses compared to the general hospitals. Therefore, it is necessary for hospital management to reexamine gross revenue relative to total manpower.