• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.287-302
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• 2011

In this paper, we analyzed audience satisfaction procedures in performing art, specifically in musical, in terms of Expectation Disconfirmation Theory. We analyzed one's expectations and outcomes over time; we first classified audience expectations and outcomes about environmental elements as 'the first expectation'/'the first outcome' and about watching situation & content itself as 'the second expectation'/'the second outcome', then analyzed by comparing those two. Through surveying and analyzing the result, this paper serves that the ultimate fact which affects on the final audience satisfaction is 'the second outcome', which is the outcome about watching situation & content itself. This paper also shows that audience expectation toward physical quality of environment affects to 'the second expectation', then 'the second expectation' affects to 'the second outcome', so then affects to the final satisfaction. However, 'the first outcome' doesn't affect to 'the second expectation'; in other words, the physical environment does not affect much to the audience final satisfaction. We expect that our study provides clues for venue management in performing arts.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.109-116
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• 2015

This paper aimed to identify the relationship between satisfaction and continuous usage intention of AT(Accounting Technician) certification program using WBI(Web-Based Instruction) in the digital convergence environment. We extend satisfaction and continuous usage intention, technology acceptance model theory by adding usefulness expectation, program interface, expectation confirmation. This study was examined by using the SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. The results by analysis are as follows. First, usefulness expectation and program interface showed positive effect on the expectation confirmation, usefulness expectation had more significantly effect than the program interface. Second, expectation confirmation had significantly positive effect satisfaction, continuous usage intention. Also expectation confirmation was influenced by continuous usage intention rather than satisfaction. Third, satisfaction had positive sign on the continuous usage intention.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.348-364
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• 1998

The two objectives of this study were 1) to develop an efficacy expectation promoting program for the management of menopause based on the self-efficacy theory of Bandura(1977), and 2) to investigate the effects of the efficacy expectation promoting program for the management of menopause. The first phase was to development an efficacy expectation promoting program through video tape. A telephone coaching program served as a follow-up to the efficacy expectation promoting program which provided encouragement and support to the subjects. The second phase was the experimental stage. This experimentation was conducted to determine whether an efficacy expectation promoting program based on theory of Bandura would increase the self-efficacy and the management of menopause. Results : The video which we developed consisted of 2 parts. Part one discussed the symptoms and the management of menopause. Part two reflected the vicarious step-by-step success of middle-aged women's menopause management. The telephone coaching program served as a follow up to the efficacy expectation promoting program and provided encouragement and support to the subjects. The total length of the video is 50 minutes. The hypotheses stated in phase two were supported by following results : In the two experimental groups consisting of the natural and artificial menopause groups both demonstrated significant increase in their general and concrete self-efficacy scores. In the experimental groups, both the objective and subjective menopause management scores increased n the natural and artificial menopause experimental groups. In conclusion, it was found that an efficacy expectation promoting program was an effective nursing intervention for increasing self-efficacy and management of menopause.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.393-420
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• 2015

The expectation and confirmation emerging as one of problem-solving strategies in the elementary school is a strategy that does not limited in the elementary school but used in the middle and high school. This strategy inevitably requires a process of adjustment that affected by the earlier expectation. Such an adjustment raised expectation and confirmation to one of effective problem-solving strategies. The adjustment is especially important to carry out the strategy effectively. The aim of this study was to conduct basic research on cognitive characteristics appearing to students when they carried out the expectation and confirmation strategy. We investigated and analyzed this in term of adjustment of expectation. To do this, we examined 50 5th graders' response in three kinds of word problems and interviewed with 4 participants who is using the expectation and confirmation strategy. The interview was conducted by using the items or solutions used in the test. From this, we tried to check students' cognitive characteristics and recognition on it's value. Furthermore we proposed the pedagogical implications associated with these results.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.379-387
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the influencing factors of retirement expectation on retirement preparation in the dental technicians. Methods: The subjects were 231 dental technicians in Seoul. A self-reported questionnaire was completed from July 1, 2014 to September 30, 2014. The study instrument was adapted from Bae and Jeon. The questionnaire consisted of 42 questions including 6 questions of the general characteristics of the subjects, 2 questions of health status and self-esteem, 20 questions of retirement expectation, and 14 questions of retirement preparation measured by Likert 5 scale. Results: Single, younger aged, and highly educated female tended to have the expectation for the new start of career. The expectation for the rest was higher in single than in the married. The influencing factors of retirement expectation were marital status. Those who were single chose the retirement. Those who had long career preferred the new start. Conclusions: The preparation for the retirement is very important in one's life and it is necessary to provide the concrete method and plan for the dental technicians in the future.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.761-773
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to explore the consumers' attitude and expectation-satisfaction on well-being products, Consumers' expectation, performance and disconfirmation scales were composed 7 items of 5-likert scales. Consumers' Satisfaction on well-being products was measured with one-item-measurement scale, The consumers' well-being attitudes were composed 4 dimensions such as (1)consuming the well-being products, (2)pursuit of mental well-being, (3)criticism about commercial fashion, (4) pursuit of harmony with natural life. The results were as follows: 1. The well-being attitudes were contrast with a positive attitude and negative attitude, Especially, criticism about commercial fashion was highly remarked. 2. There were statistic differences in the consumers' expectation and performance on well-being products, The Expectation was higher than the performance. It means that consumers' high expectation on the well-being products will bring about the lower satisfaction or dissatisfaction. 3. Consumers' Satisfaction on the well-being products was statistically different among groups by the well-being attitudes.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.95-120
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• 2014

This paper attempts to demonstrate the critical role of expectation horizons in economic agents building their expectations for the future. It starts with the analysis of what constraints the economics-based assumption related to information efficiency could impose in the stochastic process, and then suggests a new concept, random revision of expectation, to refer to the case when the adjustment process of expected variables employs newly generated information only. According to the inflation dynamics formula drawn under this condition, the demand pressure measured by output gap is found to cause different impacts on inflation according to different expectation horizons. The empirical analysis of this model using the data on Korea reveals that a short expectation horizon causes coefficient estimates to become small and statistically less significant.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.47-56
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• 2018

Purpose - In this research, the expectation level of service of Incheon International Airport was investigated. Service expectation level is critical to the customers' satisfaction and should be managed. Regarding the expectation level of service, the concepts have been defined and introduced by some researchers including Zeithaml, Berry, and Parasuraman (1993). However, due to the difficulties of measuring the level, researches on the expectation level of service have been limited. The main reason of difficulties of measuring the effects is that desired service, adequate service, perceived service, predicted service which are the conceptual components of the expectation level of service are psychologically described concepts and thus are hard to set up standards and to measure numerically. All that one can discern is that desired service level is higher than adequate service level or perceived service level is lower than predicted service level under the certain conditions, etc. Research design, data, and methodology - In this research, the level of service and factors affecting the level are investigated using the case of an Airport. The main idea of research is to investigate whether a supposed factor that is alleged to affect the expected service level is working empirically. The supposed factor is service provider's promise to provide certain level of service to customers. Results - The research results can be summarized as follow. First, service provider's promise, in this case the Airport's Service Quality Award by Airports Council International which can be regarded as objective promise to provide the certain level of service to customers is turned out to be influential to factors affecting expectation level of service. Second, service provider's promise affects to move the customers' expectation level of service upward especially the service of delivering the necessary information to customers in the airport correctly and swiftly. Conclusions - The implications of the research results are, first, customers' expectation level of service in influenced by service provider's promise, second, airport's service award increases the level of customers' service level and as a result for the airport to meet the customers' expectation level of service more efforts should be made.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.86-106
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• 2006

The purpose of the study is 1) to explore clinic and hospital CEOs' satisfaction and expectation level on the affiliation with the larger size teaching hospitals, 2) to find the factors influencing the satisfaction and expectation level on the affiliation with the large hospitals. Data for analysis was collected to use self-administrative structured questionnaire on 335 CEOs of small or middle sized clinics and hospitals affiliated with large sized teaching hospitals located in Seoul and Kyung Ki Province. For the study, the researchers develop the constructs for questions on the satisfaction and the expectation of the affiliation, the attitude, knowledge on the affiliation, previous relationship of the affiliation, and selection guideline of the affiliation with exploratory factor analysis and reliability test. Through the confirmative factor analysis using AMOS 4, the researchers develop constructs based on exact relationship between constructs and questions. CEOs' expressive and unexpressive satisfaction level are 2.54 of 5 point(38.5 of 100) and 2.78 of 5 point(44.5 of 100), and the expressive and unexpressive expectation level are 2.77 of 5 point(44.3) and 3.16 of 5 point(54.0). These levels are relatively row for importance of affiliation. Expectation levels do not influence satisfaction levels. Attitude of affiliation influences expressive expectation and unexpressive satisfaction, reason for affiliation unexpressive satisfaction, and previous relationship to affiliated hospitals influence both of expressive and unexpressive satisfaction. The expressive expectation level and the expressive satisfaction level influence unexpressive expectation and unexpressive satisfaction, respectively. There is cognitive dissonance between expectation and satisfaction, therefore numbers of affiliation might be smaller or weaker in the future than present time. Many CEOs feel environmental press such as competition and the press of health insurance, but they might not think affiliation is best solution. Therefore, large hospitals try to give affiliated clinics and hospitals practical benefits to increase satisfaction and expectation levels, and they need to new affiliation form such as joint venture and joint ownership. The expectation and the satisfaction level was influenced by CEOs' gender, type of health service facilities, distances between the affiliated facility and the large mother hospital, and reason for affiliation.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.107-119
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• 2010

In this paper we study the expectation from the past which would be based in the initial Probability Theory. These study can show the value of expectation in the initial concept of Probability and illuminate the concept being taught.