• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose the algorithm for the AR(Augmented Reality) system, which is robust to the brightness change of light. In the proposed method, the histogram specification is achieved using the sample histogram, obtained from the frames in which the target objects could be detected successful. And When the object key-points couldn't be detected by the displacement of camera positions, the positions of non-detected key-points ware estimated using the linear KF(Kalman Filter). When the proposed algorithm is applied in the AR systems, the object key-points can be detected three times as much as the existing others. In addition, to prove the more efficiency of the proposed algorithm, we implemented the AR game, and could know that the performance is the more advanced than the others. The proposed algorithm can be used for the AR environments, which high efficiency is required such as the AR game, or the implementation of AR systems which are robust to the change of lights, etc.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.113-135
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• 2013

This paper explores how research excellence is perceived among researchers in Thailand and Japan with an aim to explore whether there are any new indicators that could later be proposed and adopted as criteria of excellence. Based on a questionnaire survey, the findings reflect ideas and viewpoints that could be found among researchers in both countries. Creative researchers are crucial to a strong national research and innovation system. Institutions should provide an environment or incentives based on research performance for their researchers to flourish and be productive. For decades, bibliometrics have been used to evaluate individual research performance for its easy approach and faster speed than a qualitative assessment would warrant. Nonetheless, there have been a number of studies on research performance evaluating systems that point out how a purely bibliometric approach is inadequate in summarizing the quality of the scientific performance. The pressures on researchers today influence their thinking and oppose their creativity. To investigate the perception of research excellence, three key research questions were set in this study: what counts as excellence, how to measure excellence, and how to support excellence. The findings confirm that traditional granting criteria that frames an idea of excellence remain valid, but they also suggest novel criteria be considered and prioritized. This paper argues that the existing evaluating system is insufficient for unleashing the curiosity and creativity of researchers and fostering excellence. In the final section, the paper discusses factors that contribute to scientific creativity that we should not overlook.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2010

The objective of this paper is to examine the structural performance of steel moment-resisting frames on the various connection details of Seismic Wide-flanged Beam-to-Rectangular Steel Tube Column connections. Although compared to an H-shaped steel tube, a rectangular steel tube has many advantages and is more efficient, its application is limited due to the lack of experience in using it and the connection details. Existing steel moment connections using the rectangular steel tube are mainly used through plate diaphragms. The processing of construction of the rectangular steel tube is so complicated that it is hard to apply it in the field. In this study, the structural performance and the earthquake capacity of the connection details that do not cut the rectangular steel tube column were investigated. A comparative analysis of the strength, rigidity, and energy absorption capacity of the welded connection details using an end-plate and a haunch was also performed.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.150-157
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• 2015

Pedestrian detection has largely been researched as one of the important technologies for autonomous driving vehicle and preventing accidents. There are two categories for pedestrian detection, camera-based and LIDAR-based. LIDAR-based methods have the advantage of the wide angle of view and insensitivity of illuminance change while camera-based methods have not. However, there are several problems with 3D LIDAR, such as insufficient resolution to detect distant pedestrians and decrease in detection rate in a complex situation due to segmentation error and occlusion. In this paper, two methods using GM-PHD filter are proposed to improve the poor rates of pedestrian detection algorithms based on 3D LIDAR. First one improves detection performance and resolution of object by automatic accumulation of points in previous frames onto current objects. Second one additionally enhances the detection results by applying the GM-PHD filter which is modified in order to handle the poor situation to classified multi target. A quantitative evaluation with autonomously acquired road environment data shows the proposed methods highly increase the performance of existing pedestrian detection algorithms.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.1465-1473
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• 2006

In this paper, we present an approach for facial expression recognition using Active Shape Models(ASM) and a state-based model in image sequences. Given an image frame, we use ASM to obtain the shape parameter vector of the model while we locate facial feature points. Then, we can obtain the shape parameter vector set for all the frames of an image sequence. This vector set is converted into a state vector which is one of the three states by the state-based model. In the classification step, we use the k-NN with the proposed similarity measure that is motivated on the observation that the variation-regions of an expression sequence are different from those of other expression sequences. In the experiment with the public database KCFD, we demonstrate that the proposed measure slightly outperforms the binary measure in which the recognition performance of the k-NN with the proposed measure and the existing binary measure show 89.1% and 86.2% respectively when k is 1.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.977-985
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to present a non-photorealistic rendering technique that is efficient in single images and moving images. In case of single images, they could be processed in a real-time base by realizing flow-based DoG filter and bilateral filter, which have been frequently used in the single image NPR technique recently, in the CUDA environment. In case of moving images, the investigator presented not the existing method of NPR moving images which generating images by applying the single image NPR technique to every frame, but the method of using the single image NPR technique in the first frame and stylizing it, and then of using the motion vector-based pixel mapping in the second frame on and copying the bright values of pixels that move on the frame into the location of next frame's motion vector, thus reducing unnecessary volume of calculation and maintaining the consistency between frames. In this study, the performance of this method was proved via an experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.2321-2330
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• 2015

A variety of studies for indoor positioning are now being in progress due to the limit of GPS that becomes obsolete in the room. However, most of them are based on private wireless networks and the situation is difficult to commercialize them since they are expensive in terms of installation and maintenance costs, non-real-time, and not accurate. This paper applies the mark recognition algorithm used in existing augmented reality applications to the indoor vehicle positioning application. It installs floor marks on the ground, performs the perspective transformation on it and decodes the internal data of the mark and, as a result, it obtains an absolute coordinate. Through the geometric analysis, it obtains current position (relative coordinates) of a vehicle away from the mark and the heading direction of the vehicle. The experiment results show that when installing the marks every 5 meter, an error under about 30 cm occurred. In addition, it is also shown that the mark recognition rate is 43.2% of 20 frames per second at the vehicle speed of 20km/h. Thus, it is thought that this idea is commercially valuable.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.13B no.3 s.106
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• pp.197-204
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• 2006

Recent advances in information technology have resulted in rapid growth in the mobile communication. With this explosive growth, reliable transmission and error concealment technique become increasingly important to offer high quality multimedia services. In this paper, we propose an improved BMA(Boundary Matching Algorithm) method using gradient vectors to conceal channel errors in inter-frames of H.264 video images. General BMA method computes the sum of pixel differences of adjacent pixels of the candidate block and its neighbouring blocks, assuming that adjacent pixels have almost the same value. In real images, however, there exist some gradients, which means that the pixel values are increasing or decreasing in a specific direction. In this paper, we develop a precise estimation method of errors in candidates blocks using gradient information and try to recover lost blocks with this technique. Experimental results show the improvement of picture quality about $1{\sim}3dB$ compared to existing methods.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39B no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 2014

Scalable video coding (SVC) encodes multimedia data into a base layer and enhancement layers to cope with variable network conditions in an adaptive manner. In SVC, enhancement layers can be decoded only when the base layer is successively received. However, existing works on SVC transmissions in IEEE 802.11 WLANs do not fully investigate this characteristic and thus their performance can be degraded. In this paper, we propose a SVC-aware retransmission (SAR) scheme in IEEE 802.11 WLANs. The SAR scheme applies different retransmission policies for base and enhancement layers by obtaining the optimal number of frames to be retransmitted. As a result, the SAR scheme can reduce unnecessary retransmissions and minimize the transmission latency. Simulation results demonstrate that the SAR scheme can reduce unnecessary data transmission by 12.6% and the transmission latency by 6.6~19.1% compared to conventional retransmission schemes.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose novel scene change detection and key frame selection techniques, which use two feature images, i.e., DC and edge images, extracted directly from MPEG compressed video. For fast edge image extraction. we suggest to utilize 5 lower AC coefficients of each DCT. Based on this scheme, we present another edge image extraction technique using AC prediction. Although the former is superior to the latter in terms of visual quality, both methods all can extract important edge features well. Simulation results indicate that scene changes such as cut. fades, and dissolves can be correctly detected by using the edge energy diagram obtained from edge images and histograms from DC images. In addition. we find that our edge images are comparable to those obtained in the spatial domain while keeping much lower computational cost. And based on HVS, a key frame of each scene can also be selected. In comparison with an existing method using optical flow. our scheme can select semantic key frames because we only use the above edge and DC images.