• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2001

This study was performed fir the purpose of finding the relationship between fat-free mass (FFM) which mainly represents muscle mass change, and muscle strength. The correlation between diet and exercise behaviors and FFM in healthy elderly men over age 55 was also investigated. FFM and corresponding hand grip strength declined significantly with increasing age. However the concentration of serum albumin, the indicator of protein nutritional status, showed no change with increases in age. The subjects were categorized into three groups according to FFM textiles. Anthropometry such as height, BMI, circumferences of waist and hips, body fat mass percent and hand grip strength decreased significantly in the lowest FFM group. But albumin level showed no change relative to FFM level. FFM showed a significant relationship to nutrient intake such as energy and fat. However, no association was found with exercise behavior probably because there were no instances of resistance exercise habits among the subjects studied. The variance in FFM could be attributed 86.2% to height and age. The variance of height-adjusted FFM could be attributed only 40.6% to age and fat intake. In conclusion decreases in FFM may cause reductions in muscle strength in elderly men. Increasing energy and fat intake were associated with increased FFM and may protect elderly men from the risk of sarcopenia. FFM had no association with endurance exercise habits.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.970-977
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• 1995

본 연구는 건강한 남자대학생 16명을 대상(대조군=8명, 실험군=8명)으로 하여 14일간 하루 마늘 90g(매끼당 30g)을 섭취시켜 폐기능 중 산소섭취량, 이산화탄소 생성량, 환기량, 호흡상과 혈중 총 콜레스테롤, 트리글리 세라이드, HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤, 젖산, 젖산탈수소효소, 유리지방산, 글루코스의 변화를 측정 비교분석하였다. 자전거 에르고메타를 이용하여 20분간 3분 마다 50watt씩 증가하는 점증 운동부하로 최대 운동검사를 실시하여 폐기능을 측정하였고, 운동부하 전과 후에 혈액을 채취하여 분석 검토하였다. 마을섭취군이 HDL-콜레스테롤치는 높게 나타났고, LDL-콜레스테롤치와 총 콜레스테롤치는 낮게 나타났다. 젖산 농도는 마늘섭취군이 낮게 나타났고, 젖산탈수소효소의 활성도는 높았다. 산소섭취량, 이산화탄소 생성량, 환기량과 호흡상은 마늘섭취군과 대조군에서 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이상의 본 연구를 통하여 마늘섭취군이 혈액 성분 중 HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤, 총 콜레스테롤, 젖산, 젖산 탈수소효소에서 대조군에 비해 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 마늘이 가지고 있는 어느 성분이 어떠한 작용에 의해 이와같은 효과를 가지는지에 대해서 검토가 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.92-101
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether nutrition counseling and exercise could be beneficial to patients with acquired cardiac disease (ACD). Twenty-five ACD patients participated in this program, which was based on guidelines for serum lipid management. To measure the effects of the nutrition counseling and exercise education, outpatients with ACD were selected and randomly assigned to three groups which were a control group, a diet only group and a diet and exercise group. Nine diet only group patients and nine diet and exercise group patients received nutrition counseling or nutrition counseling and exercise education every other week. Patients who served as a non counseled control group did not receive any counseling during the same study period. Various markers of disease risk, including lifestyle, anthropometric indices, eating behaviors, and serum lipid levels were measured before and after the program. The program lasted up to 12 weeks, depending on the individuals involved. Database management and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 7.5 software. As a result, BMI and %IBW showed decreased trends in the diet only and the diet and exercise group. Food habit scores were significantly increased in the diet only group and the frequency of saturated fatty acid, dietary cholesterol, salty food and instant food intake were decreased in the diet only group. Comparisons of the daily nutrient intakes of the groups showed their total calorie, carbohydrate and protein intake had decreased significantly, and also the total fat and dietary cholesterol intake had decreased in the nutrition counseling group. The serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol decreased after 12 weeks in the nutrition counseling group. The diet and exercise group showed less interest in diet control than the diet only group. These results show that a well-planned nutrition counseling program would reduce the risks of ACD and cardiovascular disease and help to care such diseases.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.373-388
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a nutrition education and exercise on nutritional status in hemodialysis patients, with regard to quality of life (QoL), and fatigue. The subjects were divided into two groups : an educated (E) group (11 men and 9 women) and a non-educated (NE) group (7 men and 22 women). The educated group received a nutrition education and a regular exercise program for 3 months. Data on anthropometric indices and biochemical parameters were obtained from medical records. Dietary habits and nutrient intake were assessed through questionnaires and three-day food records. QoL (through the SF-36 questionnaire) and fatigue (measured by a visual analogue scale questionnaire) were assessed before and after the interventions. Dietary habit scores regarding food variety and fluid intake control significantly increased (P<0.05) after the nutrition education. Furthermore, the intake of total energy, carbohydrates, Fe, and vitamin A significantly increased (P<0.05). Vitamin C intake also significantly increased (P<0.01). Hb levels decreased whereas TG levels increased in the NE group. BUN levels decreased in the E group. After the nutrition education, QoL aspects, such as feelings of pain and general health, and the total score significantly increased (P<0.05) and the level of fatigue score decreased (P<0.01). The results of this study indicate that nutrition education and exercise for hemodialysis patients provides changes in dietary habit, daily nutrient intake, biochemical parameters, QoL, and the level of fatigue. Therefore, nutrition education and exercise help improve nutritional status and QoL.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2018

본 연구는 대전시에 위치한 고등학교 1, 2학년 여학생 235명을 대상으로 자기 기입식 기록법을 적용하여 주중 2일과 주말 1일, 총 3일간의 액체수분 섭취실태를 조사하였다. 액체수분 섭취총량은 838.5 ㎖/일(주중 790.5 ㎖/일, 주말 934.5 ㎖/일)로 2015 한국인 영양소 섭취기준에 제시된 충분섭취량 900 ㎖/일에 미치지 못하였다. 액체수분의 종류별 섭취량 분석 결과, 물의 섭취량이 611.6 ㎖/일로 가장 많았고, 탄산음료(65.7 ㎖/일), 우유(41.6 ㎖/일), 과즙음료(32.8 ㎖/일), 과채주스(25.4 ㎖/일)의 순으로 나타났다. 나머지 음료 8종은 섭취량이 15 ㎖/일 미만이었다. BMI 비만도에 따른 액체수분 섭취량 차이 분석에서 물과 액체수분 섭취총량은 BMI 23.0 이상인 학생이 18.5 미만, 18.5 이상 23.0 미만인 학생보다 많았다. 운동 빈도와 고염식 식습관에 따른 섭취량 차이 분석에서 운동 일수 3일/주 이상, 고염식 식습관 점수 7점 이상인 학생은 탄산음료의 섭취량이 많았다. 건강한 사람이라면 수분의 과잉 섭취로 인한 유해 효과가 없기 때문에 충분한 수분 섭취, 특히 건강 음료의 선택과 관련하여 올바른 교육이 필요하다고 할 수 있다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2005

This study investigated the effect of allium vegetable intake on the storage and utilization of energy substrates before, during, and after exercise in tissues of rats. Ninety mts were fed either a control diet or a diet with added allium sativum (AS), allium cepa (AC), allium fistulosum (AF), or allium tuberosum (AT) for 4 weeks and then subdivided into 3 groups: before-exercise (BE) during-exercise (DE) after-exercise (AE). The DE group exercised on treadmill for 1 hour just before being sacrificed at the end of the 4th week of the dietary treatment Rats in the AE group were allowed to recuperate for 2 horns after being exercised like the DE group. Pyriooxal 5'-phospwe (PLP) levels were compared in plasma, liver and skeletal muscle of rats. There was no difference between AS animals and control animals in plasma PLP levels regardless of exercise. The plasma PLP levels of AC animals were higher than those of control animals before exercise but this PLP was decreased with exercise and lower than that of control animals after exercise. The plasma PLP levels of AF animals were higher than those of control animals during exercise but there was no difference before and after exercise. The plasma PLP levels of AT animals were higher than those of control animals regardless of exercise. Compared to those of control mts, the PLP levels of liver and muscle were significantly lower in AS, AC, AF and AT mts before exercise. The levels of liver PLP were significantly decreased in control mts while not changed in AS, AC, AF and AT mts during exercise. The levels of liver PLP tended to decrease in AS, AC and AF mts after exercise. The levels of muscle PLP were significantly decreased in control rats, while not changed in AS, AC and AF mts during exercise. The levels of muscle PLP were decreased in control mts but not changed in AS, AC and AF mts after exercise. Thus, it is suggested that the changes of PLP concentrations in plasma and tissues induced by exercise are affected by allium vegetable diet and demonstrated that allium vegetable intake induced an alteration in the redistribution of PLP among tissues.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes of body composition, cardio-respiratory function in ventilation threshold (VT) and maximal state exercise, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and serum nitric oxide (NO) production during acute reducing salt (RS) supplementation in college elite athletes. Variables of cardio-respiratory function during rest, ventilation threshold and maximal exercise was not shown a significantly difference between RS supplementation and non-supplementation, there was shown a significant increase in ventilation threshold time (p<0.05) and exhaustion time (p<0.05) during RS supplement compared to non-supplement. SBP and DBP were not shown a significant difference between RS supplement and non-supplement. This result suggests that acute intake of RS is not increased a blood pressure. Serum NO production was not significant difference in the RS supplement group, but it was shown a significantly increased levels (p<0.01, vs. recovery 30 min.) immediately after maximal exercise in the non-supplement group. This result suggests that acute intake of RS have important role in inhibition of serum NO production during maximal exercise. Conclusively, This study suggest that acute intake of RS was not influence in body composition variables, but it was positive effect in ventilation threshold time, exhaustion time, maintenance of blood pressure and inhibition of serum NO production in maximal treadmill exercise.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.250-259
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to confirm that calcium intake and healthy status play a role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, to assure that calcium intake and regular exercise are important in reducing serum lipid levels in middle-aged women. Daily nutrient intakes were analyzed by convenient method. Anthropometric measurement such as body weight and height and blood pressure were measured. The subjects divided into two groups : women in group I under 50 years of age($\leq$49 yr group) and those in group II 50 years up($\geq$50 yr group). Average ages of group I and II were 43.87 and 53.46 years. The nutrients intake of subjects were higher than Korean recommended dietary allowances(KRDA) except calorie, iron, calcium, vitamin B1. They showed significant difference each other in vitamin B2(p<0.05), calcium(p<0.01) intake. Mean daily calcium intake was 540.88mg in $\leq$49 yr group and 519.50mg in $\geq$50 yr group. The levels of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, blood pressure, Atherogenic Index(AI), LDL/HDL and Cardiac Index(CI) were increased with age. The triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations and LDL/HDL in $\geq$50 yr group were significantly higher than those of $\leq$49 yr group. There was a highly significantly positive correlation between age and triglyceride, total cholesterol and Atherogenic Index(AI). Triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol concentration and Atherogenic Index(AI) were positively correlated with body weight and WHR(waist-hip ratio). Also ther was a significantly negative correlation between exercise and Cardiac Index(CI). Also a significantly negative correlation was found between Ca intake and LDL-cholesterol. Exercise and Cardiac Index(CI) also had a significantly negative relation. The results suggest that increased habitual physical activity and calcium intake should be recommended as a way of decreasing blood lipids and blood pressure in middle-aged women.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare weight control behaviour, eating habits, and health-related life habits according to degree of obesity among normal, overweight, and obese groups. Self-perception of weight and desire for weight control in males (p<0.001) and females (p<0.001) varied among the three groups. Reasons (p<0.001), experience (p<0.01), and method of weight control (p<0.05) were different among the three female groups, whereas males did not show any differences. Intake of nutritional supplements in the male obese group was higher compared to other groups (p<0.01), whereas eating habits were not significantly different among the three groups for both males and females. Food habits score for intake of fruits, milk, and yogurt were higher in females than males (p<0.001). Correlation coefficients of food habits score and anthropometric measurements showed that hip circumference was negative for intake of fruits in males, whereas RBW and BMI were positive for food combination, intake of bean products, and fishes in females (p<0.05). Frequency and fitting exercise in the obese female group were lower than in the other groups (p<0.01). Therefore, proper nutritional education for obese individuals is recommended proper self-perception of weight, good food habits, and regular exercise.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.132-140
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• 2003

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of soymilk and exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) in underweight college women of 19-22 years of age, who had lower bone mass. The BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured for 52 underweight college women. Among them, 33 subjects, whose t-score value was below -1, were selected. Questionnaire survey, anthropometrical measurements, dietary recall, analysis of BMD, fasting serum osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were conducted before and after the 10 week study. The 33 subjects were divided into 2 groups： soymilk group (n=19), and soymilk ＋ exercise group (n=14). The soymilk group was given 400$m\ell$ soymilk containing 60mg of isoflavones on a daily basis and the soymilk ＋ exercise group exercised three times a week with a daily intake of 400$m\ell$ soymilk for 10 weeks. The average ages of the soymilk group and the soymilk ＋ exercise group were 21.1 years and 20.4 years, respectively and, there were no significant differences between the soymilk group and the soymilk ＋ exercise group in the areas of height, weight or Body Mass Index (BMI). At the baseline, the mean daily energy intake of the soymilk group and the soymilk ＋ exercise group was 1,597.9kcal (79.43％ of RDA) and 1,704.2kcal (85.2％ of RDA), respectively. The mean calcium intake of the soymilk group (408.3mg) was not significantly different from that of the soymilk ＋ exercise group (389.4mg). Despite the 400$m\ell$ soymilk supplementation, there were no significant changes of nutrient intake in either group after treatment. However, there were significant increases in BMD's of lumbar spine and femoral neck in both groups. There were some increases in the serum osteocalcin level and decreases in the urinary deoxypyridinoline level as well. BMD change of the soymilk group was not significantly different from that of the soymilk ＋ exercise group. In conclusion, supplementary intake of soymilk (containing 60mg of isoflavones) resulted in a significant increase in the BMD's of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in underweight college women with low bone mass. However, exercise did not result in any significant changes in the BMD's, implying the necessity for more intensive and specific long-term physical training for any substantial changes. Further investigation is necessary to determine the exercise that most strongly affects BMD.