• 한국의류학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2001

It is possible to examine the costume of Chosun era that tombs excavated in chonnam area, have contained various kinds of clothes. There are six tombs in which costumes have been excavated in Chonnam provinces. One(Go un) is tomb of the early years of Chosun Dynasty and the other tombs is those of the middle years of Chosun Dynasty(16∼17 century). There were many kinds of Po which was called Jickryung, Danryung, Chullik, Dappo, Jangui, So-changui etc, and contained chechori, skirts, under-trousers in tombs. But there are not see Kuui, Dopo that excavated in other area. Chullik showed the features of winkle, sleeves and the ratio of length. Dappo was only to be seen in a Go uns grave. Mens chechori collar(kit) was called Mokpankit in all, and womans chechori collar was called Kalkit or Tangkokit. The length of chechori was different according to the times. Most trousers are types of underwear and also there are Sapok tousers, open trousers. The characterstics of excavated costumes are not regional feature but trend of the times. The costumes excavated in Chonnam area are similiar to those excavated in other area at the same times.

• 복식
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.150-162
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• 2014

This study examined the excavated clothes of Lady Sim Cheongsong(1753~1810) in Jecheon which were excavated in 2012. Lady Sim died at the age of 57 and the excavated relics belonged to the 18th and 19th centuries. The excavated relics consisted of 9 pieces of three-kind-clothes. They showed various qualities such as Plain-Silk, Plaited-Silk, Patterned Twill, Plain Twill, Plain Satin, and Satin Damask. Through comparing them with the other excavated clothes of the 18th and 19th centuries, we can comprehend the periodical changes of the excavated Jegori and Yeomo (the hat for a dead woman). The excavated Jegori shows the difference of length and form from the other Jegori of the 18th century. The total length of the excavated Jegori ranged from 24 cm to 25 cm, which is 10 cm shorter than that of the other Jegori of the 18th century. The excavated hat for a dead woman shows the changes of the form and needlework. The form of a rectangular cover was changed into that of a round shape. In regards to the sewing composition, the way of inserting the cover into Mosin(the body of the hat for a dead woman) was replaced by that of connecting the cover into Mosin. The excavated clothes show three kinds of textile fabrics: plain silk fabrics and plaited silk, plain twill and four-leaf-patterned twill, eight-leaf-plain satin of life-lettered textile and five-leaf satin damask, and plain satin. Especially, the combination of eight-leaf satin and four-leaf twill with mixed textile is considered as a fabric of high quality. The excavated clothes of Lady Sim Cheongsong showed a periodical change which was different from the clothes of the 18th century in terms of the formal composition of Jegori and Yeomo. Regarding Women's Jegori a short length and slim and long sleeves are changed into short and tight Jegori, which signaled the specific change of Jegori aesthetics. The significance of the excavated clothes of Lady Sim Cheongsong lies in its role as the bases for understanding the couture culture of the 19th century.

• 복식
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.98-112
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• 2010

This study is on the 18th-century man's clothing excavated from Mr. Kim(1683-1766)'s tomb in Cheongju, Chungbuk in 2003. There are more than 100 pieces of excavated costumes from the tomb of Won-taek Kim. The excavated costumes have the value of genuine materials. Among them, 36 garments in good condition were investigated. As a result, there are several kinds of the excavated coats with different sizes, depending on the type of coats-Simui(深衣), Danryeong(團領), Sagyusam(四揆衫), Daechang, jungchimak(中赤莫), and Sochangui. These different-size coats reveal the degree of ritual; the length of the ritual costume is longer than that of the daily one. We can see two kinds (large and small) of coats, jackets, and pants. The large-size clothing is for the dead, the small size one as daily clothing was used for filling the empty space of the coffin. Among the excavated clothing from Mr. Kim's tomb, clothing for the dead(shroud) is bigger than man's daily costume. Concerning the form, color, and materials of the costumes, clothing for the dead is similar to daily clothing, while there is the difference in their size. The oversized costumes of coats, jackets, and pants are also different in size, matching the structure of clothing.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.135-142
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• 1998

This paper is to investigate the failure surface and modes in a soil mass by a excavation of the model ground. To study the failure surface for the excavated slope, centrifugal model tests were performed by changing the angle of the excavated slope(50, 75, $90^{\circ}$) and the ground condition($D_r$=60, 90%, dry and submerged ground). Excavation was simulated during the centrifuge tests by operating a valve that allowed the zinc chloride solvent to drain from the excavation. Results of model tests were compared with those obtained with theoretical solutions using limit equilibrium analysis method. The results of model tests show that, there is a failure to create a straight line in the low angle of excavated surface and a create a circle as the angle increases. Also, as the angle of excavated surface is increasing, the angle of the failure surface increases. The failure length in the submerged ground increases approximately 1.10~1.34 times more than that of the dry ground.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2006

Top Down method is more widely used in downtown construction, recently. As underground construction constitutes a significant portion of the total construction cost and time in Top Down construction, it is important to develop a construction method to reduce the time required in underground works. The purpose of this study is to analyze load carrying capacity of Top Down prefounded columns on different excavation schedule. When several floors are excavated, the valid buckling length of prefounded column is increased and allowable buckling stress is decreased. The result shows that all columns are safe in buckling down to B3 story whether 2 or 3 stories are excavated. However, several columns are not safe from B4 story when 2 or 3 stories are excavated straightly. With these results, a process can be designed that the first three stories in the basement are excavated, and then excavate B4 story after placing concrete on B1 and B2 floor.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to reveal the wood joinery technique in the ancient era. Joinery is one of the core techniques in constructing timber frame architecture in the Korean peninsula. These techniques can be revealed by examining wooden members of ancient buildings. The members were excavated at the Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond, the historic site in Gyeongju. This study collects the data of 284 members excavated at the Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond and analyzes the details such as length, thickness, width, joint types, joint shapes. With the result of the analysis, this study tries to indicate the level of wood joinery techniques in ancient buildings.

• 복식
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• 제28권
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• pp.99-112
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• 1996

In this study I purpose a new approach to the study of Korean costume history which includes a statistical method used in the prac-tical measurement of excavated Po's and the analysis of their quantitative changes. In the framework used in this study I de-pend on the nineteen variables picked out from the typological and chronological analysis of excavated clothes. The interrelationship of the variables as well as the standard of each part and its deviation in other forms are may main concern. Other methods are also very useful in my thesis: Correlation analysis Regression analysis Discrimination analysis Cluster analysis Discrimination analysis Cluster analysis Factor analysis One way analysis of variance. The findings of my study can be summarized as follows: 1. Every type of po has a general tendency to have more broadened sleeves while it does not show any considerable changes in the total length and in the width of armholes. 2. In the Correlation analysis each part of Po's is handled separately accordign to its chronology and type. The Regreesion analysis makes it possible to provide the sizes of miss-ing parts in excavated clothes and the numeri-cal value of each part needed in the pattern making. 3. The Discrimination analysis of the Po's whose types are unknown leads to the con-clusion that Chongsam and Chikryong Po are classified into Chikryong Po whereas Hongui is classified into Jooui In addition I propose discriminational function by which the age classification is possible discovering the variables associated with time change. 4. Five items-Gerneral Park's clothes Taewongun's clothes and three others produced later for the purpose of preserving Korean costume are proved to be in a differ-ent group and hence analyzed separately in the visual grouping of changui which is done after the cluster analysis and the factor analysis. 5. The results of the one way analysis of variance reveal that there is a difference in each part from period: the back width the sleeve length the sleeve width thelean fig-ure the breasttie length the breasttie width outside quesset upper inside quesset lower outside neckband length insideneckband length etc.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.847-861
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• 2017

As the excavated costumes from the unknown tomb of the Joseon Dynasty were unearthed, estimating the age of the costumes became very important. This research investigat and estimates the age of the excavated costumes from Couple's Tomb for Lee General in Seosan, Chung-nam. By inspecting and analyzing the costumes, the features can be compared with other similar costumes that have been excavated from other tombs. The result of this study is as follows: First, the period with dopo, cheol-rik, jungchimak, and baji for females among the relics of General Lee can be estimated. For dopo, there are morphometric features such as the shape of moo; for cheol-rik, there is a ratio of top and bottom; for jungchimak, there is a ratio of width of arm and skit and a ratio of side tim, total length, etc. By comparing relics of same period, it can be estimated to be from the late 16 century around the Japanese invasion of Korea to the early 17 century. Second, the period with jangui and jeogori among the relics of Couple's Tomb for General Lee can be estimated. By comparing jangui with the arm and width of sleeves, and by comparing jeogori and the shape of the collar, arm, length, etc., with other relics identical to the period, it can be estimated to be from the late 16 century around the Japanese invasion of Korea, which is a similar date to the one with the husband to the early 17 century.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1007-1013
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• 2004

A three-arch NATM tunnel with a total length of 53.5m has been constructed for a metropolitan subway station in Daejon, Korea. The tunnel, whose crown is located 22m below the ground, crosses the old Daejon station underneath. Since the tunnel comprises a very large section (10${\times}$28 m; largest in Korea), it shows complicated mechanical behaviors, especially near portal, due to its short length relative to width. As far as its construction step is concerned, the center tunnel is excavated with pre-excavated pilot tunnel, which is a unique feature of this tunnel (first in Korea) to secure safety during construction and prevent excessive settlements. The both side tunnels are then excavated along with the center tunnel. Since significant amount of settlement was predictable from the design stage, extensive monitoring was performed during construction. During excavation of the side tunnels, unexpected large settlements up to ${\~}$140mm (estimated 41.8 mm at design stage) was measured at the center tunnel. In this paper, we study the causes of this unusually large ground settlement. We believe that the extra-wide tunnel excavation increases the stress influence zone of portal in longitudinal direction and consequently add more settlements to the existing due to excavation and consolidation.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

본 연구는 규석광의 터널 굴착시 굴진장 향상과 사압현상 및 소결현상을 예방하기 위해 모든 장약공의 장약밀도를 다르게 적용하였다. 이 때 심발공은 동일 장약공내에 2개의 뇌관을 이용한 정기폭과 역기폭의 복합기폭방식을 도입하였다. 자유면 형성이 어려운 공저부분은 높은 장약밀도로 장전하고, 주상부분은 공저보다 낮은 장약밀도로 장전함으로써 폭약의 위력이 효과적으로 암반에 대응할 수 있는 공법인 복합장약기폭시스템을 개발하였다. 그 결과 경암이나 장공발파에서 흔히 발생되는 사압현상 및 소결현상 등을 방지할 수 있었다. 또한 1회 천공장 대비 굴진장을 95% 이상 증대시킴으로써 약 15% 정도의 시공능율이 향상되고 비장약량이 20% 정도 감소되었다.