• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the customer oriented quality creation by considering quality elements required by customers in the product design process. The study tried to extract attractive quality elements by using Kano's model. After identifying the elements HOQ(the house of quality) of QFD(quality function deployment) was used to identify the trend of quality elements evaluation. Test for equal means (t-test) was applied to verify the attractive quality elements of adult shoes. It made us find the customer oriented quality elements from the customer needs and latent dissatisfaction. We collected the opinions of experts on shoes and complete the cause and effect diagram and affinity diagram (KJ method). The data of the questionnaire was put to the QFD and the contents of quality elements was identified by brain storming method. We calculated indexes which were the multiplication of weight and marks of quality elements in the cross table of the HOQ by QFD. Then we tested for the equality of means between the indexes and the sum of attractive quality elements. The results for equal means were statistically significant. To create the customer quality the product design should be differentiated between the age groups over attractive quality elements.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.683-689
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• 2011

Urban logistics plan of the previous cargo distribution law has changed into city logistics plan of logistics policy law in which its contents adjusted into direction to improve logistics industries, economic well-being and lifestyle conditions of the city. But the city logistics planning didn't include yet a systematic backbone that plans a vision, performs propelled plan to realize it, and then gives feedback through scientific evaluation indexes. In this context, this paper reviews the previous logistics plans and helps operating and managing a efficient city logistics plan a mid-long term through representative index development required to establish city logistics plan.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.114-127
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a self-management mobile app for adults with osteoarthritis based on a self-determination theory to use it as a nursing intervention tool, and to evaluate the effects of the developed mobile app on adults' basic psychological needs, indexes of osteoarthritis, self-management and quality of life. Methods: The 56 participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=28) or the control group (n=28). The participants of the experimental group used a self-management mobile app for 12 weeks after the pretest, and two posttests were taken at the end of every 6 weeks. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS/WIN 25.0 for Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Basic psychological needs, indexes of osteoarthritis, self-management, and quality of life score of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that mobile app intervention can support improvements in psychological needs, symptoms of osteoarthritis and quality of life in adults with osteoarthritis. It is recommended that the developed mobile app be used as a nursing intervention tool for adults with osteoarthritis in the community.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.301-306
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• 2023

Attention is a fundamental aspect in the cognitive process of human. Cognitive system of human body requires to focus on selected information among a vast amount of information from sensory organs. It has widely studied that various environmental factors affected the level of attention; however, few researches have aimed to the effect of direct cryotherapy. In this research, level of attention was studied comparing sub-indexes of FAIR test between groups with different duration of direct cryotheapy to the back of neck. FAIR test is a evaluation tool for visual attention consisting of three sub-indexes. Selective attention, accuracy of attention, and persistence of attention can be independently analyzed by FAIR test. In the analysis of selective attention, cryotherapy for 5 to 20 minutes showed higher result than cryotherapy for 40 minutes. In the analysis of persistence of attention, cryotherapy for 5 to 15 minutes showed higher result than cryotherapy for 40 minutes. Overall, selective attention and persistence of attention turns out to be maximized between 5 to 20 minutes of cryotherapy and tends to decrease afterwards. However, accuracy of attention does not seem to be affected by the duration of cryotherapy. Correlation between selective attention and the skin temperature by cryotherapy tends to be negative supporting the findings by ANOVA and post-hoc test. Correlation between persistence of attention and the skin temperature showed similar results.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.93-103
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• 2019

In metropolitan cities have been reorganizing the routes of the city buses periodically due to changes in the spatial structure and traffic pattern and the lack of supply due to new developments. However, there is a lack of system to comprehensively evaluate the routes. Even if the evaluation index is not clearly defined, it may not be reasonable. Therefore, it is difficult to set the improvement direction when the bus route is reorganized. In this study, the existing evaluation indexes were reviewed and further investigation was conducted on the problematic indexes. In particular, the degree of curvature has been used as a very important index in the evaluation of the route system, but the existing curvature based curvature has a limitation in considering the traffic characteristics of individual users. For this purpose, a virtual city bus network was set up and the degree of curvature was calculated and compared based on the point - based curvature and stopping point based on individual user O/D. In this study, it is considered that more efficient and practical analysis and evaluation are possible in the evaluation of the city bus route system through the curvature considering the individual user O/D based on the stopping point. It is expected that it will be used at the time of reorganization of city bus route performed by individual local governments in the future.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.321-339
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• 2004

The basis of public libraries as a service organization dependes on the customer's needs and expectation. Recently, public libraries have faced an existence crisis attacked from the development of Internet and the various cultural programs of other organizations. Thus, public libraries required continuos effort in order to get the existence necessity from community and customers. This paper investigates and compares with the public Service Charter provided a customer oriented public service, public library evaluation indexes by the Ministry of Culture & Tourism Gyeonggi Province, and a public satisfaction survey by Seoul Metropolitan. Thus this paper can provide the basis materials fur future public library evaluation.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.165-191
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• 2008

Traditionally, information systems audit has been carried out by the auditors. So the main focuses of audit are managerial point of view, such as finding errors or missing functions. The final purpose of audit, however, is to help the organization to make better decision through better information services. So we felt that managerial point of audit should be extended to include the factors that increase the competitiveness of organization. To accomplish this goal, new factors that reflect the ideas of three groups, users, developers in addition to auditors. First, by adopting the ideas from service quality evaluation area, we develop six items and 24 indexes for information systems audit. Second, we separate the audit related parties into three groups, users, developers and auditors. The main reason is that major concerns of three groups to the system will be different considerably. Third, we quantified the weights of each group to each 6 items and 24 indexes using Analytic Hierarchy Process. Fourth, the resulting weights of each item are found to be different by the group, and possible reasons are analyzed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.2480-2496
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• 2020

Considering that high-dose X-ray radiation during CT scans may bring potential risks to patients, in the medical imaging industry there has been increasing emphasis on low-dose CT. Due to complex statistical characteristics of noise found in low-dose CT images, many traditional methods are difficult to preserve structural details effectively while suppressing noise and artifacts. Inspired by the deep learning techniques, we propose a densely connected residual network (DCRN) for low-dose CT image noise cancelation, which combines the ideas of dense connection with residual learning. On one hand, dense connection maximizes information flow between layers in the network, which is beneficial to maintain structural details when denoising images. On the other hand, residual learning paired with batch normalization would allow for decreased training speed and better noise reduction performance in images. The experiments are performed on the 100 CT images selected from a public medical dataset-TCIA(The Cancer Imaging Archive). Compared with the other three competitive denoising algorithms, both subjective visual effect and objective evaluation indexes which include PSNR, RMSE, MAE and SSIM show that the proposed network can improve LDCT images quality more effectively while maintaining a low computational cost. In the objective evaluation indexes, the highest PSNR 33.67, RMSE 5.659, MAE 1.965 and SSIM 0.9434 are achieved by the proposed method. Especially for RMSE, compare with the best performing algorithm in the comparison algorithms, the proposed network increases it by 7 percentage points.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.741-749
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• 2008

Many small-scale ponds that serve as ecological habitat, recreation and irrigation are faced to eutrophication problem, which causes aesthetic nuisance and ultimately loss of their functions. Thus accurate evaluation of the trophic state of these ponds is essential to provide rational information to the stakeholders so that they can develop effective management actions. In this study, the trophic state of a small pond (Wonheung) that experiencing water quality degradation due to vicinity land development was assessed using various Trophic State Indexes (TSIs) and statistical analysis including Principal Components Analysis (PCA) based on the field monitoring data obtained from May to December, 2007. The results showed that the pond is under eutrophic state with average total nitrogen (T-N) and total phosphorus (T-P) concentrations of $708.1{\mu}g/L$ and $59.3{\mu}g/L$, respectively. The factor loading plot obtained from PCA showed distinct two influencing factors, PC 1 and PC 2. PC 1 was grouped by T-P, Chlorophyll a (Chl-a), suspended solids (SS), TN/TP ratio, and transparency that all strongly related to the eutrophication state, while PC 2 by temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO) and turbidity that explains the seasonal water quality variations. The limiting factor was identified as light rather than phosphorus by both T-N/T-P ratio and TSI indexes analysis. The results and methodology adopted in this study can be used for water quality assessment for other small ponds and lakes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 1999

This objective of this paper is to investigate the evaluation and indiction of human thermal comfort in building environment. The issue of defining the boundaries of acceptable thermal comfort conditions in buildings and urban may have significant implication for building design and also may have urban design by climate considerations. And then it is to apply the thermal comfort condition to environmental design by using passive methods in Korea. Since 1920. architects have conducted studies to measure thermal comfort in houses under hot and humid conditions, while industrial hygienists have studied the effects of temperature and humidity on the performance of factory workers. Thermal comfort can be influenced by many variables. This paper conducted to review the previous researches and the human heat balance equation, and to analyse in order to reveal the meaning and usage of the thermal comfort index in two traditional essays, Fanger's PMV and Gagge's ET* Their comfort indexes compared with each other. They were based on human heat balance equation and psychological and physiological responses in the laboratory tests. The researchers and the architectural engineers using thermal comfort index shall be careful in decided the use of indexes and be necessary to recognize the value concept of the design criteria for thermal comfort. Therefore, The opinion of the authors is that different comfort standards have to apply for each building and urban with different climatic conditions.