• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.80-82
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• 2003

Since reactive oxygen radicals play an important role in carcinogenesis and other human diseases including neurodegenerative states, antioxidants present in natural products have received considerable attention for alleviation of these disease states. Therefore, in order io identify antioxidants in plant extracts, fifty-seven methanolic extracts derided from indigenous Korean plants were primarily assessed for potential to scavenge stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. As a result, nine plant extracts were found to exhibit the DPPH free radical scavenging activity in the criteria of $IC_{50}<40\;{\mu}g/ml$. In particular, the extracts of Melioma oldhami $(IC_{50}=0.1\;{\mu}g/ml)$, Myrica rubra $(IC_{50}=16.2\;{\mu}g/ml)$, Sympolocos paniculata $(IC_{50}=23.0\;{\mu}g/ml)$, Carpinus laxiflora $(IC_{50}=25.1\;{\mu}g/ml)$, and Cleyera japonica $(IC_{50}=26.2\;{\mu}g/ml)$ showed a potent radical scavenging activity. Further study for the identification of active compounds from these lead extracts might be warranted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.514-525
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• 2013

Korea International Trade Association (KITA) statistics show that the import of circular-knitted clothes has suddenly increased since 2000; they have increased by 24.5% each year for 2000-2004 and by 8.2% for 2005-2009. In addition, a Korea Apparel Industry Association survey showed that more than 50% of young people in their 20s and more than 40% of mid-aged people in their 30s-40s wore T-shirts (the most frequently worn and/or regarded as the most comfortable item among knit clothes). This portion is expected to increase in the future; however, insufficient research has been conducted on the characteristics of product development and production, knit T-shirt pattern development (Park, 2011), and consumer purchase patterns and behavior for knit clothes. The evaluation criteria for knit clothes generally vary depending on the demographic characteristics of consumers (Kotler & Armstrong, 2006). This study conducted a wearing trends survey for circular-knitted T-shirts and fit satisfaction based on 318 male and female consumers in their 20s-30s. The results provide information on the basic materials required to produce circular-knitted T-shirts.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.165-176
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to assess the seismic performance of hollow reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete bridge columns, and to provide data for developing improved seismic design criteria. By using a sophisticated nonlinear finite element analysis program, the accuracy and objectivity of the assessment process can be enhanced. A computer program, RCAHEST (Reinforced Concrete Analysis in Higher Evaluation System Technology), is used to analyze reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete structures. Tensile, compressive and shear models of cracked concrete and models of reinforcing and prestressing steel were used to account for the material nonlinearity of reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete. The smeared crack approach was incorporated. The proposed numerical method for the seismic performance assessment of hollow reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete bridge columns is verified by comparing it with the reliable experimental results. Additionally, the studies and discussions presented in this investigation provide an insight into the key behavioral aspects of hollow reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete bridge columns.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.877-888
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• 2002

Price is a product attribute, which is determined by the function of the producing cost and profit. It is also identified as one of the most important components of the marketing mix. For consumers, price is an always-existing cue, definite evaluation criteria, and easily accessible information in the purchasing process. Considering the concept of the clothing-price in a comprehensive perspective encompassing economic, psychological and marketing perspectives, a theoretical model was developed. The model includes souses and dimensions of price perception and related behaviors. Souses of price perception were: the actual retail price at selling point, the internal reference price and external reference price. The dimensions of price perception included sacrifice perception, economic value perception, inference, savings perception and price as information perception. Clothing price related behaviors that flowed these dimensions were: low price consciousness, value for money consciousness, price-quality inference, price-prestige inference, sale proneness and price mavenism. An empirical study was conducted to validate the theoretical model. A questionnaire was developed and data were collected from 680 adult women living in Seoul, Korea. Confirmatory factor analysis as well as exploratory factor analysis results showed that theorized price related behaviors were successful classifications.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 1999

The bioequivalence of two aceclofenac tablets was evaluated in 14 normal volunteers (age $21\sim29$ yrs) following oral administration. The test product was 'Apental tablet' made by Asia Pharmaceutical Co. and the reference was 'Airtal tablet' made by Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co. After one tablet containing 100 mg aceclofenac was administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of the drug in plasma was quantitated with an HPLC method. AUC, $C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ were calculated and statistically analyzed for the bioequivalence of the two products. The results showed that the differences in AUC, $C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ between two products were $4.23\%,\;2.15\%\;and\;0\%$, respectively. The powers for AUC,$\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}\;were\;>90\%,\;>90\%\;and\;85.8\%$, respectively. Confidence intervals were within $\pm20\%$ for three parameters. All of these parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that 'Apental tablet' is bioequivalent to "Airtal tablet".(Kor. J. Clin. Pharm. 1999; 9(1): 44-48)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.199-218
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• 2022

Considering increasing demand for improved waist protectors for the elderly, in this study we sought to design a waist protector that reflects the body characteristics, preferences, and satisfactions of the elderly. A survey conducted to investigate elderly satisfaction with existing waist protectors, as well as their preferences in product function, design, and characteristics, found that consumers are not satisfied with current waist protector offerings and would prefer protectors that allow greater freedom to perform physical activities and that are more easily accessible. Based on the survey, we developed a guideline on function, design, and characteristics, resulting in four new waist protector designs: A and B for men, and C and D for women. Significant preference differences according to gender were reflected in the designs. For example, designs for female waist protectors focused much more on improving tightness, size, freedom of movement, and easy attachment or detachment than designs for male waist protectors did. Evaluation of satisfaction with new designs suggests that new designs meet the satisfaction criteria of elderly consumers, who express willingness to purchase and use them.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.563-568
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• 2010

TV businesses that have brought a competitive structure in terms of price, definition, product design for a long time now are bringing User eXperience (UX) into relief as DTVs come to support broadcast information-related services such as various broadcast channels and Electronic Program Guide(EPG), etc., and playing of multimedia contents like music/videos, etc. This study worked on an evaluation by developing a UI to control easily the various and complex broadcast contents or multimedia contents provided by DTVs. The UI Design for new DTVs was developed based on Function, Flow and Form in the concept of Single ABC (Access, Browser and Control), and the usability test of the developed UI concept along with the UIs of the major DTV products, was done for Channel Managers and the multimedia browsers for 32 users of DTVs in the U.K./U.S., respectively. As a result of the usability test, the new concept of Channel Manager was evaluated high both in the U.K./U.S, while the multimedia browser was evaluated low in the U.S., relatively.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.355-360
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• 2005

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two cetirizine HCl tablets, Zyrtec tablet (UCB Pharm. Co., Ltd. Korea, reference product) and Zyrix tablet (Kukje Pharm. Co., Ltd., Korea, test product), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). After adding an internal standard (diazepam), plasma samples were extracted using 1 mL of dichloromethane. Compounds extracted were analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC with ultra-violet detector. This method for determination cetirizine is proved accurate and reproducible with a limit of quantitation of 10 ng/mL in male plasma. Twenty-four healthy male Korean volunteers received each medicine at the cetirizine HCl dose of 10 mg in a $2{\times}2$ crossover study. There was a one-week wash out period between the doses. Plasma concentrations of cetirizine were monitored for over a period of 24 hr after the administration. AUC (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule. $C_{max}$ (maximum plasma drug concentration) and $T_{max}$ (time to reach $C_{max}$) were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed AUC and $C_{max}$. No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters indicating that the crossover design was properly performed. The 90% confidence intervals for the log transformed data were acceptable range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 $(e.g.,\;log\;0.93-log\;1.08\;for\;AUC_{0-t},\;log\;0.91-log\;1.08\;for\;AUC_{0-{\infty}}\;and\;log\;1.01-log\;1.11\;for\;C_{max})$. The major parameters, AUC and $C_{max}$ met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence indicating that Zyrix tablet is bioequivalent to Zyrtec tablet.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.111-124
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• 2003

This study is designed to understand demographic characteristics, store selection factors, difference in preferred stores which are considered to be related to store selection behaviors for clothes by college students in Yanbian, China. Questionnaire was used for measurement tools to study the subject of the thesis. Questions used for the evaluation criteria for store selection were primarily based on those previously used by the other researchers with some revision and supplementation. Each question was rated in 5 point scale, where 1 means 'not at all' and 5 means 'definitely'. A total of 50 copies of the questionnaire was passed out to college students in Yanbian from March 20 to March 25, 2001, for the preliminary study. The main study was conducted against 450 college students from May 17 to June 5, 2001 The data for the study were analyzed using SAS PC program for frequency distribution, percentage, 1 -test, and one way ANOVA. A significant difference was showed in the preferred stores between male and female students. In total, underground markets were preferred most with 41.6%, followed by markets with 40.3%. A significant difference was showed among groups regarding preferred stores based on an average monthly income, monthly expense on clothing. Three areas of 'product price', 'display and mood of the store' and 'royal store' showed a significant difference in terms of selecting stores based on an average monthly income. A significant difference was showed in only one areas(brand awareness) in selecting stores based on monthly clothing expense.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2004

Bisoprolol, one of the $\beta_1-adrenorecepter$ antagonist, has been used for the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension anti stable angina pectoris. The oral bloavailability of bisoprolo1 is high $(90\%)$ and the drug has a long elimination half-life, $9{\sim}12\;hr$, which allows once-daily administration. The bioequivalence of two bisoprolol preparations was evaluated according to the guidelines of Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA). The test product was Concor $tablet^{(R)}$ made by Newgenpharm and the reference product was Monocor $tablet^{(R)}$ made by Wyeth Korea. Twenty healthy male subjects, 23.8 (21-30) years old and 03.8(52-92) kg, were randomly divided into two groups and a randomized $2\times2$ cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containing 10 mg bisoprolol hemifumarate were orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of bisoprolol in plasma was determined using an HPLC method with fluorescence detector. Two pharmacokinetic parameters, $AUC_t\;and\;C_{max}$ were calculated and analyzed statistical]y for the evaluation of bioequivalence of the two products. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed parameter values. The $90\%$ confidence intervals of $AUC_t\;and\;C_{max}$ were log $0.95{\sim}1og\;1.04\;and\;1og\;0.96{\sim}1og\;1.07,\;respectively.$ These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of log $0.8{\sim}log\;1.23$. Thus, the criteria of the KFDA guidelines for the bioequivalence was satisfied, indicating that Concor tablet is bioequivalent to Monocor tablet.