• 대한지리학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.675-690
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• 2007

20세기 초반 하와이와 호놀룰루의 민족집단 관계는 백인이 수적으로 소수집단을 구성하는 예외적인 상황이기에 인종차별주의 관념에 별로 영향을 받지 않았었다는 것이 일반적인 견해이다. 하지만 실제로 과거는 물론이고 현재에 이르기까지 민족집단 관계에 인종, 민족 이슈들이 큰 영향을 미쳤음은 분명하다. 이 연구는 20세기 초반 호놀룰루 유색 이민집단들의 이주와 정착 과정 내내 백인지상주의 관념이 미국 본토에서와 마찬가지로 큰 영향을 미쳤음을 밝히고 있다. 직업의 차별화와 계층화, 그리고 거주지의 공간적 분화가 미국 본토의 도시에서와 같이 호놀룰루에서도 인종, 민족집단 간에 분명하게 이루어졌었다. 유색인종집단의 직업에 따른 사회적 분리 현상과 거주의 공간적 집중화 현상은 비백인집단의 "로우컬"과 백인집단의 "하올리"라고 하는 이원화된 대립적 정체성을 만들어가는 계기가 되었다. 그러한 변형된 정체성은 비백인들로 구성된 다민족적 근린지구 내에 착근된 민족집단들의 상호 협상과정이 지속적으로 진행되면서 자연스럽게 창출된 결과물인 것이다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.527-538
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• 2001

세계체제론적 관점에서 본다면, 국제인구이동은 선택적 인구이동이라고 할 수 있으며, 이는 국가간 격차의 심화로 이어진다. 또한 문화적으로 보았을 때, 이는 목적지에서의 민족집단별 경쟁과 갈등. 혹은 조화와 같은복잡한 현상들을 유발한다. 기존의 동화론에 의하면, 민족성은 이주집단이 새로운 정착지에서 오랜기간 동안 생활하다보면 자연스럽게 그 성격이 악화되고. 이에 따라 민족집단의 공간적 격리 현상도 점차 사라지게 되는 것으로 간주된다. 그러나 현재 다민족으로 구성된 국가들에서의 다양한 사례를 보게 되면, 그러한 동화가 매우 더디게 진행되거나 혹은 정반대로 민족성과 민족집단장소가 오히려 강화되는 모습을 확인할 수 있다. 민족성과 민족집단장소의 재발견 혹은 재구성은 현대사회의 다문화주의 및 포스트모더니즘 이념과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 민족성과 민족집단장소는 다민족 국가나 도시에 있어서 문화와 경제를 풍요롭게 하는데 큰 역할을 할 수 있는 귀중한자산인 것이다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.487-500
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• 2010

In the history of colonization, how and to what extent the colonizer interacted with the local population differed according to race relations in specific periods. Generally speaking, social or sexual contact between two communities was tolerated when race relations were relatively relaxed. When the racial relationship became aggravated, however, such contact between the colonizer and the colonized was discouraged in order to forge and maintain ethnic solidarity. In Ireland, the colonizer's interaction with the colonized was not different from that of colonized countries in the Third World. Unlike those colonies, however, the settlers, that is, Protestants, simply could not be treated as the colonizer because they had lived in Ireland long enough to assert their Irishness. Joyce is keenly interested in intergender ethnic boundary crossings. In his works, two kinds of ethno-sexual interactions are presented from two totally different perspectives. As shown in the cases of the young lady in the street stall, Polly, Milkwoman, Sheila, and Cissy, Joyce describes the interaction of Irish women with Englishmen from a skeptical viewpoint. All of those cases demonstrate typical relationships epitomizing power relations in a colonial society. They reflect the turbulent time at the beginning of the century when Ireland had to fight with England to gain its independence. At such a transitional time, the ethnic relationship became aggravated and boundary crossings were discouraged. On the other hand, through the relationship between Stephen and Eileen, Girty and Reggy Wylie, Browne and Irish ladies, and Mr. & Mrs. Kernan, Joyce presents the interaction between Protestants and Catholics in terms of romantic or human relationships rather than power relations. From his description of those interactions, we can assume that Joyce, in the time of nation building, provided a blueprint for the future Irish nation, where Protestants and Catholics could build a nation and live harmoniously.

• 수완나부미
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.51-77
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• 2016

This paper argues and shows how ethnic dimension is still very important in understanding political contestations in Malaysia. To do this, the paper reviews the political as well as population demography to back its assertion. And it is not necessarily improper to continue to use this ethnic lens, although the continued use of this approach has come under heavy criticism both within and from outside Malaysia. Raging debates in Malaysia and by Malaysians are still very much shaped by ethnicity and increasing regional differences. This is further compounded by other factors such as religion, language, and education. In fact, these tools have been more intensely used of late compared to any period before in history as they easily politicize and attract followers.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2009

The existence of Korean schools is one of the salient characteristics of Overseas Koreans. How do such schools for Korean immigrants' children try to construct Korean ethnic identity? Also, how is immigrant children's ethnic identity developed and reinforced by the education at those schools? This paper explores these questions based on an ethnographic research at a Korean school in Paris from September 2005 to December 2007. The cultural education for immigrant children at the Korean school has a tendency to emphasize the most exotic traits of Korean culture. And this emphasis on the unfamiliar elements of Korean culture doesn't seem to help to form the ethnic identity of Korean immigrants' children. Instead, the students appear to get the sense of being a member of Koreans more from the education outside of classroom such as scholastic events than in a classroom of a Korean school. That's because scholastic events allow them to play out some of the Korean culture in more inter-ethnic settings. Therefore, it can be concluded that ethnicity of immigrant children is rather developed in inter-ethnic social contexts than born with or taught in class.

• 영어영문학
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.263-279
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• 2008

Arif Dirlik in Postmodernity's Histories sees the issue of re-ethnicization in the case of John Huang, China's alleged attempt at lobbying the Clinton administration. In this view, Americans with Chinese surnames were suspected by the US Justice Department to be possible spies working for Beijing. Reethnicization here seems to serve the mainstream society in reducing an ethnic minority to a group of aliens operating for their countries of origin. However, re-ethnicization is not necessarily a one-way oppressive operation; it is often made use of by the ethnic minorities in their efforts to adapt to their country of arrival. Haroon and Karim, the protagonists of Hanif Kureishi's The Buddha of Suburbia, are cases in point. They are portrayed as winning social recognition and securing a place of their own within the hostile host society through a strategic use of re-ethnicization, that is, masquerading as 'genuine Orientals.' This study brings to light possible fallacies or misguided expectations concerning the political position of first- and second-generation immigrants. One of the fallacies is found in the racist metropolis, which regards the ethnic minorities as a sort of resident aliens, no matter what immigrant generation the latter belongs to. Another fallacy is found in the kind of postcolonial criticism that automatically regards an anti-racist critique advanced by people like Kureishi as something motivated by a confrontational tactic, that is, an attempt at subverting the colonial power relations. The conclusion of this study is that Kureishi's agenda, as presented in The Buddha of Suburbia, is neither the preservation of an ethnic identity nor the subversion of colonial power relations but survival in the metropolis. On this account Kureish's agenda can be called a micro-politics.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.957-962
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• 2007

By focusing on the consumers who have experienced ethnic restaurants in Korea for the last three months, this research intends to figure out relations among utility motivation, pleasure motivation, ostentation motivation and feeling of pleasure and how they effect consumers' emotions and level of satisfaction to find out about more desirable services and characteristics for the consumers in order for the ethnic restaurants to secure more competitiveness, and to inform how they should set their aims for more success. This research limited surveyees to online consumers who have experienced ethnic restaurants in the past three months. The period of survey was from April 25 2007 to May 10 2007. For basic analysis of actual research, SPSS program was used to analyze the Cronbach a and factor analysis. And structural equation modeling analysis was used to analyze correlations and grade of effectiveness of variables proposed in the research hypothesis utilizing Window AMOS 5.0. As a result of this research, utility motivation has effect on the happiness and the other motivation has effect on the enjoyment. Enjoyment effect on the happiness and only happiness effect on the satisfaction. Satisfaction has effect on the re-visit intention. Through this research, it could proposes a strategic direction to which the increasing ethnic restaurants should develop themselves.

• 한국인구학
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.111-145
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• 2003

이 연구는 개혁개방정책 이후 중국 내 조선족이 보인 사회인구학적 행태의 변화를 설명하기 위한 것이다. 시장경제체제의 도입과 한중 국교수립 이후 조선족사회는 출산력수준의 급격한 저하와 인구구조의 고령화로 매우 급격한 변화를 겪고 있다. 조선족의 인구행태와 인구구조의 이러한 변화는 한족에 비해 두드러지게 나타난다. 중국 내 조선족인구가 가장 밀집되어 거주하고 있는 연변지역의 조선족사회는 최근 절대인구규모의 감소추세를 보이고 있다. 아울러 시장경제의 도입 이후 이동성향이 높아지고 통혼권과 거주지역이 확산되며. 조선족학교를 통한 민족교육이 급격히 위축되는 추세를 보인다. 그리고 이에 따라 조선족사회의 사회적 통합과 문화정체성이 약화되고 중국 내 소수민족사회로서의 위상도 점차 약화되는 과정에 있다. 연변 조선족사회의 사회인구학적 변화와 위기상황에 대한 설명을 위해 이 연구는 연변조선족자치주의 1990년과 2000년 인구센서스 자료와 각종 통계자료를 활용하였다. 또한, 이 연구에서는 인구센서스를 통하여 드러난 조선족인구의 연령구조가 매우 불규칙적이라는 점을 감안하여 1990년과 2000년 인구센서스 자료의 신뢰성과 정확도를 재검토하는 작업도 이루어졌다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.159-175
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• 2000

This study examined the relations of acculturation and parenting behaviors of 279 Korean-Chinese mothers living in Yanbian Area in China to Adjustment of their eighth- and ninth-grade children. The mothers completed a questionnaire consisted of items regarding daily eating habits(food life) and language use, the acculturation scale, and the parenting scale, and their children completed the depression, self-esteem, and social competence scale. While most of mothers preferred Korean food to Chinese food, they preferred Chinese to Korean in daily language use. The mothers'ethnic identity was negatively related to depression of their children, whereas their out-group orientation was positively related to social competence of their children. In general, the relation between mothers'acculturation and adjustment of their children was not mediated by their parenting behaviors. But maternal warmth and acceptance partly mediated the relation between their out-group orientation and social competence of their children. These results imply that their acculturation tends to have direct effects on adjustment of their children.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2022

The article determines that, in the preservation of cultural heritage, lifestyle, an important role is played by the subjects' high assessment of the probability of achieving the result they need through the implementation of traditional models, ways of interaction. If dissatisfaction with the results of interaction is great, but there are no necessary conditions for a phased resolution of contradictions, for changing, developing interpersonal relations within the framework of the existing system, interaction becomes more difficult. It has been determined that the presence of effective models that show the possibility of meeting the requirements for the psyche of a variety of individuals from the side of activity, activating an extended search for mutually acceptable ways to success, depends on the development of the personality and its social relations, the success of interaction between people, socially psychological climate in the team.