• Journal of Apiculture
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.169-180
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• 2019

Beekeeping has been practiced for centuries in Ethiopia. Currently, there are three broad classification of honey production systems in Ethiopia; these are traditional (forest and backyard), transitional(intermediate) and modern(frame beehive) systems. Ethiopian honey production is characterized by the widespread use of traditional technology resulting in relatively low honey yield and poor honey quality. Despite the challenges and constraints, Ethiopia has the largest bee population in Africa with over 10 million bee colonies, of which 5 to 7.5million are hived while the remaining exists in the wild. Consequently, these figures, indeed, has put Ethiopia as the leading honey and beeswax producer in Africa. In fact, Ethiopia has even bigger potential than the current honey production due to the availability of plenty apicultural resources such as natural forests with adequate apiculture flora, water resources and a high number of existing bee colonies. However, lack of well-trained man powers, lack of standardization, problems associated with honey bee pests and diseases, high price and limited availability of modern beekeeping equipment's for beekeepers and absconding and migration of bee colonies are some of the major constraints reported for beekeeping in Ethiopia. In this review, an attempt was made to present all beekeeping practices in Ethiopia. The opportunities and major constraints of the sector were also discussed.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.68-73
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• 2018

The cement industry is one of the rapidly growing industry in Ethiopia. The average per capita cement consumption of the country has increased from 39kg to 62kg. However, this is still way below than the global average per capita consumption of 500kg. The Ethiopian government is planning to expand its cement industry by upgrading the current cement plants and also opening of new cement plants in order to meet the future demand of the country. Currently, the number of cement plants in Ethiopia has reached to 20. By the year 2025, per capita cement consumption is expected to increase to 179kg. Recently, Ethiopia has become one of Africa's largest market for the cement industry. In addition, Ethiopia has become the major exporter of cement in the Sub-Saharan African region. The Ethiopian cement industry is highly dependent on the use of imported energy sources for its production. This situation has a significant amount of impact on the high production costs of the industry. This paper will try to review the history, production, available resources, the technologies and energy use of the Ethiopian cement industry.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.36-40
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• 2018

Climate change is one of the major issues in both the developed and developing world. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission is one of the implications for climate change. It is increasing rapidly. Although the emission is much less when compared to the rest of the world, Ethiopia has also faced this global issue. The major source for GHG emission in Ethiopia is agriculture. Therefore, the agriculture sector has to be given more attention in Ethiopia. To overcome the problem, Climate-Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy has been initiated. One way of executing this target is to create a sustainable and environmentally friendly pathway to use agricultural byproducts. Sugarcane is one of the major plants in Ethiopia. Its byproducts are bagasse, molasses, and press mud. Since it is a waste product, it is economical and creates a sustainable and green environment by reducing GHG emissions. Sugarcane byproducts have versatile applications like as fuel, as cement replacing material, as a mitigation for expansive soils, as biosorbent for the treatment of water and wastewater and also as a wood material. However, Ethiopia has not used this byproduct massively as it is readily available. This paper reviews the possible applications of sugarcane byproducts to mitigate climate change.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2014

The consumption of animal flesh food in Ethiopia has associated with cultural practices. Meat plays pivotal and vital parts in special occasions and its cultural symbolic weight is markedly greater than that accorded to most other food. Processing and cooking of poultry is a gender based duty and has socio-cultural roles. Ethiopians are dependent on limited types of animals for meats due to the taboo associated culturally. Moreover, the consumption of meat and meat products has a very tidy association with religious beliefs, and are influenced by religions. The main religions of Ethiopia have their own peculiar doctrines of setting the feeding habits and customs of their followers. They influence meat products consumption through dictating the source animals that should be used or not be used for food, and scheduling the days of the years in periodical permeation and restriction of consumptions which in turn influences the pattern of meat consumption in the country. In Ethiopia, a cow or an ox is commonly butchered for the sole purpose of selling within the community. In special occasions, people have a cultural ceremony of slaughtering cow or ox and sharing among the group, called Kircha, which is a very common option of the people in rural area where access of meat is challenging frequently.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.114-117
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• 2019

Ethiopia becomes a leading country in Africa as she possesses two 1 m telescopes which are unique in East Africa. Building the telescopes evoked people's interest on Astronomy and Space, and the passion is continued to space development and founding a large telescope. Ethiopia Space Science and Technology Institute was established, Adama Science and Technology University and other universities get in education and research & development (ERD). In this paper, status of Astronomy and Space science in Ethiopia is reviewed and collaboration prospect is studied.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2020

Objectives The aim of this study was to suggest basic data of health and medical status in Ethiopia for globalization of Korean Medicine. Methods This study was conducted from 26 to 28, Dec, 2018 in the MCM General Hospital in Addis ababa of Ethiopia. The questionnaire was developed from open form of review of system questionnaire and some question was changed. It was composed of 3 parts: chief complaint, review of system and medical policy. For more information, we interviewed the director of a public health clinic. The 94 questionnaires was collected. Three of them was incomplete, and 91 was analyzed. Results (1) Seventeen people appealed for head problem, and thirteen people for abdomen, and eleven for chest in chief complaint. (2) The number of 22 people had problem in nervous system. Twenty also had diseases of respiratory and digestive system respectively. (3) They also appeal for pain in head, mouth, eye, and neck and complained for fatigue, weight gain or loss, and weakness in review of system. (4) They put the priority on disease prevention than management or treatment. Conclusions This study suggests information on medical status of the people in the medical hospital of Ethiopia which is valuable for globalization of Korean Medicine.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.399-405
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• 2016

Poor subsistence farmers who live in a semi-arid area of northern Ethiopia build irrigation systems to overcome water shortages. However, there is a high risk of malaria transmission when increased standing water provides more favorable habitats for mosquito breeding. This is a serious problem because there are many barriers to malaria control measures and health care systems in the area. Using a causal loop diagram and computer simulations, the author attempted to visually illustrate positive and negative feedbacks between mosquito and human populations in the context of Simret, which is a small village located in northern Ethiopia and is generally considered a malaria-free area. The simulation results show that the number of infectious mosquitos increases to 17,215 at its peak, accounting for 3.5% of potentially dangerous mosquitos. At the same time, the number of sick people increases to 574 at its peak, accounting for 15% of local population. The malaria outbreak is controlled largely because of a fixed number of vulnerable people or local population that acts as an intermediate host.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.65-75
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• 2015

Around Harar in the northeastern part of the Ethiopia, the Precambrian granitic gneiss and gabbro bodies are developed with several pegmatites. The rock bodies in this area have been deformed by ductile and brittle deformations developing fold and ductile shear structure, and thrust and fault.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.1029-1042
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the health care decision making of Ethiopian women at household level. Moreover it is to understand the factors that influence to potential customers in healthcare industry from the social quality level perspective. Methods: We used Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) 2005 & 2016, which provided data about currently married women aged 15-49 years (N=2003, N=2017, respectively). We performed a chi-square test, and a Pearson correlation and a logistic regression. Andersen model is considered as well. Results: This study revealed that the mobility decision making has an association with health care decision making of women. Furthermore, there is a moderate effect of an economic decision making of women. Lastly, the women's decision making empowerment level increase year by year. Conclusion: Health care industry has to consider potential costumers among women like in Ethiopia, whose decision making empowerment will enhance on their own healthcare in future. It is very important to figure out factors from the social quality management domain. It helps finding a new market from downstream approach. From this point, the impact of decision making of women empowerment has a significant implication from the holistic perspective.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.132-142
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• 2022

Plantation forests are established by planting Eucalyptus tree species to provide timber and pulp for the construction industries and to meet the energy needs in Ethiopia. Besides the extensive Eucalyptus plantations in the country, fungal pathogen-related diseases are the main challenges to successful production and management. The disease survey was conducted in the Eucalyptus growing areas of Ethiopia during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. The objective of this research was to assess the diseases associated with Eucalyptus plant species and identify the causal fungal species. Plants of E. camaldulensis were the dominant species in the survey fields and were severely associated with stem and branch canker diseases. Diseased samples were collected and fungal species were identified as Didymellaceae according to culture morphology and affirmed by internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis. In phylogeny, isolates in the study and a reference strain formed supportive monophyletic clades with strong 90% and 95% support with Didymella coffeae-arabicae and Didymella pinodella respectively. Pathogenicity tests revealed that Didymellaceae could infect E. camaldulensis. The findings are the first reports of Eucalyptus stem canker disease caused by Didymellaceae in Ethiopia.