• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.141-148
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• 2012

In order to study the utilization of brown seaweed Laminaria japonica as an alternative renewable feedstock for bioethanol production, the properties of acid hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation were investigated. The acid hydrolysis enhanced the final yield of fermentable sugars, which led great increase of ethanol productivity. The maximum yield of reducing sugars reached 135 mg/g-dry Laminaria japonica after 1.0N sulfuric acid-hydrolysis at $130^{\circ}C$ for 6 h. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC 24858) could ferment $C_6$-sugars like glucose, galactose and mannose into ethanol, but not $C_5$-sugars like arabinose and xylose. Optimal fermentation time varied with sugars; 48 h for glucose, 72 h for galactose, and 96 h for mannose. Nevertheless, the ethanol yield from the hydrolysate reached 242 mg/g-dry Laminaria japonica after fermentation by the S. cerevisiae at $35^{\circ}C$ for 96 h, which corresponds to approximately 4 times more than the theoretical yield from total reducing sugars in the hydrolysates. It indicates that the non-reducing sugars or oligosaccharides dissolved in the hydrolysate played an important role in producing bioethanol. The ethanol concentration linearly increased from 2.4 to 9.2 g/L, while the ethanol yield per dry weight of biomass decreased from 242 to 185 mg/g, with increasing the ratio of biomass to acid solution from 1 to 5% (w/v). The bioethanol yield estimated was approximately 7,400~9,600 kg/ha/year, and indicated that Laminaria japonica is a promissing feedstock for bioethanol production.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1691-1696
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• 2010

Neohesperidin is a natural new nutrition sweetener, widely existing in plants of dry citrus peel, which can be derived from extraction. Since the sweetness is 1,300-1,500 times greater than that of sugar, neohesperidin are widely used in fruit juices, wines, beverages, bakeries and pharmaceutical formulations, and are particularly suitable for consumption by diabetic patients. However, the yield of extraction from citrus peel waste is very low. In this study optimal yield conditions were determinedusing response surface methodology (RSM) in order to increase the neohesperidin extraction yield. The critical factors for maximum extraction yield were selected extraction pressure ($x_1$), extraction time ($x_2$), and concentration of ethanol ($x_3$). As a result, the extraction yield was improved when the extracting pressure increased. The extraction yield also increased in a time-dependent manner. When adding ethanol as an assistance solvent to the supercritical carbon dioxide, extraction yield was increased as more ethanol concentration was added. Finally, the extraction yield of neohesperidin was improved to about 162.22% compared to ethanol extraction as a conventional method.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.288-292
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• 1992

Kinetics of anaerobic ethanol fermentation by Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum were investigated for the one-step production of ethanol from starch. A mutant strain with a high ethanol yield was induced from C. thermohydrosulfuricum. The mutant, designated as ME4, produced anaerobically 6.1 g/l of ethanol, 3.1 g/l of lactate and 0.1 g/l of acetate from 20 g/l of starch at $68^{\circ}C.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.828-834
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• 2010

An ethanol-producing yeast strain, CHFY0201, was isolated from soil in South Korea using an enrichment technique in a yeast peptone dextrose medium supplemented with 5% (w/v) ethanol at $30^{\circ}C$. The phenotypic and physiological characteristics, as well as molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (26S) rDNA gene and the internally transcribed spacer (ITS) 1+2 regions, suggested that the CHFY0201 was a novel strain of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. During shaking flask cultivation, the highest ethanol productivity and theoretical yield of S. pombe CHFY0201 in YPD media containing 9.5% total sugars were $0.59{\pm}0.01$ g/l/h and $88.4{\pm}0.91%$, respectively. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation for ethanol production was carried out using liquefied cassava (Manihot esculenta) powder in a 5-l lab-scale jar fermenter at $32^{\circ}C$ for 66 h with an agitation speed of 120 rpm. Under these conditions, S. pombe CHFY0201 yielded a final ethanol concentration of $72.1{\pm}0.27$ g/l and a theoretical yield of $82.7{\pm}1.52%$ at a maximum ethanol productivity of $1.16{\pm}0.07$ g/l/h. These results suggest that S. pombe CHFY0201 is a potential producer for industrial bioethanol production.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2003

The effect of 4 kinds of alcohols was investigated on the production of bacterial cellulose (BC) by Gluconacetobacter hansenii PJK. The addition of alcohols and acetic acid to medium caused the pellets of bacterial cellulose to aggregate into a lump, which could be easily separated from the culture medium. The growth rate of cells and the production yield of BC increased in the medium containing ethanol. Other alcohols in the medium decreased cell growth and the cellulose production rate, because of their toxic effects. The addition of ethanol depressed the conversion of a $\textrm{Cel}^{+}$ cell to a $\textrm{Cel}^{-}$ mutant in shaking culture. Cells subcultured three in a medium containing ethanol produced BC without any loss of BC production yield.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 2016

The aim of this study attempted to verify the possibility of bioethanol production using wasted medium density fiberboard (wMDF). In order to produce bioethanol from wood cellulosic materials must be carried out the process of pretreatment, saccharification, fermentation and distillation. First, the wMDF was pretreated using sodium chlorite and pretreated wMDF was prepared to 8% slurry and then slurry was saccharified with the commercial enzyme (Cellic CTec3). The fermentable sugar and pH of saccharified substrate were about 5.5% glucose and 4.4, respectively. Herein we compared the results of ethanol yield according to the nutrients added or without addition to increase ethanol yield. Ethanol fermentation was finished in about 24 hours, but it was delayed in experimental group without nutrients. Ethanol content and fermentation ratio of the final fermented mash prepared by utilizing jar fermenter was 25.40 g/L and 86.64%, respectively. At this time, the maximum ethanol productivity was confirmed as 1.78 g/Lh (ethanol content 21.38 g/L, 12 h), and the overall ethanol productivity was 1.05 g/Lh (ethanol content 25.27 g/L, 24 h). Using fermented liquid we could produced bioethanol 95.37% by continuous distillator packed with copper element in laboratory scale. These results show that wMDF has a potential valuable for bioethanol production.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1057-1061
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• 2002

Effects of modifier and soaking on extraction of triterpenoid saponin (glycyrrhizin) from liquorice were examined using supercritical $CO_2(SC-CO_2)$ at 50 MPa, $60^{\circ}C$, and flow rate of 3 mL/min, and glycyrrhizin content was analyzed by HPLC. Additon of undiluted methanol, ethanol or isopropanol as modifier to $SC-CO_2$ had little influence on extraction yield of glycyrrhizin. Soaking process using water increased the extraction yield as the sample to solvent ratio was increased. Addition of 70% methanol, ethanol or isopropanol to $SC-CO_2$ significantly increased the extraction yields, with 70% methanol resulting in the highest yield. When water at 90% (w/w) of sample weight was used for soaking, the extraction yield and rate increased, 70% ethanol-modified $SC-CO_2$ was almost equal to that obtained using 70% methanol.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.26-27
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the value of chicken keel cartilage as a source of mucopoly-saccharide-protein containing chondroitin sulfate (CS) and to find the optimum extraction conditions. The hot water extraction and alcalase hydrolysis methods were performed for extraction mucopolysaccharide in lyophilized chicken keel cartilage. The most efficient condition was hydrolysis with 2 % alcalase in 10 volumes of distilled water for 120 min. The yield of hydrolysate and CS content were 75.87 % and 25.61 %, respectively. For further separation of CS from hydrolysate by alcalase, ethanol precipitation was performed. The yield of ethanol precipitate and its CS content were 21.41 % and 46.31 %, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 1991

Previously RP1::Tn951 which is a derivative of RP1 containing the lactose transposon Tn951 was introduced into Z. mobilis strain ZM6l00, and RP1::Tn951 was integrated into its genome to yield ZM6306. The galactose operon was incorporated into ZM6306 to yield ZM6307 for more efficient utilization of lactose. Batch culture study has been carried out on Z. mobilis strains, ZM6306 ($lac^+$ ) and ZM6307 ($lac^+$ , $gal^+$ ), which can convert lactose directly to ethanol. Using a medium containing 80 gㆍ$1^{-1}$ glucose and 40 gㆍ$1^{-1}$ lactose, it was found that ZM6306 and ZM6307 produced maximum ethanol concentration of 40 gㆍ$1^{-1}$ and 42 gㆍ$1^{-1}$, respectively, whereas parent strain ZM6 produced 37 gㆍ$1^{-1}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 1989

During the preparation of Ssang Wha tea it was observed that the highest yield was obtained when it was extracted with 50% ethanol, of which guantity was added 10 times more then that of Sample. The most effective extraction temperature and time was $90^{\circ}C$ and 8hours on the water bath, which was resulted in saving of production cost. From the HPLC Analysis, it was also observed that product extracted with 50% ethanol give higher yield than that of exfrac ted with water.