• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.297-307
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• 2015

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect of Cervi Cornu and coenzymeQ10 on exercise and endurance capacity in rats and mice. Methods: The extract of Cervi Cornu was manufactured by the pharmacy department of Kyung Hee Oriental Medical Hospital, and CoQ10 soft cap (Ildong Pharmaceutical) was used. In total, 24 rats and 30 mice were divided into 3 groups: Control (rat=8, mouse=10), CoQ10 alone (rat=8, mouse=10), Cervi Cornu extract, and CoQ10 (rat=8, mouse=10). Ergogenic effect was evaluated by administering the Cervi Cornu extract and coenzymeQ10 to rats and measuring the time to exhaustion during treadmill running; endurance capacity was assessed by measuring cold water swimming time, serum lactate level, and serum corticosterone level in each group. At 1 week from the end of treatment, we recalculated time to exhaustion during treadmill running in rats to investigate the long-term effect of the Cervi Cornu extract and coenzymeQ10. Results: Cervi Cornu extract has long-term benefits in that it preserves the ergogenic effect caused by exercise. Cervi Cornu and coenzymeQ10 have no effect on increasing cold water swimming time in ICR mice. CoenzymeQ10 decreases the serum corticosterone level in ICR mice performing cold water swimming test. Conclusions: Cervi Cornu seems to preserve the ergogenic effect caused by exercise, but a larger study is needed to investigate effect of Cervi Cornu and coenzymeQ10 on improving endurance capacity. CoenzymeQ10 decreases serum corticosterone level and it is related with the anti-psychological fatigue effect.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2005

Objectives: This study was designed to identify the ergogenic effects of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures and optimal ratios. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted by administering treatments of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures to rats and by measuring the time to exhaustion by treadmill running. Results: The treatment of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures to the rats increased the time to exhaustion by treadmill running. The most potent inhibition of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures on the 5-HT synthesis and the TPH expression in the dorsal raphe was observed at the dose of 200 mg/kg and the optimal ratio of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix for the maximum efficacy was 50:50. Under normal conditions (not exercise), long-term treatment of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures did not affect the 5-HT synthesis and the TPH expression in the dorsal raphe, suggesting that Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures does not alter serotonin level in the normal rats. The suppressive effect of Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures on the 5-HT synthesis and the TPH expression during exercise is a possible ergogenic mechanism of these mixtures. Conclusions : Red ginseng and Paeonia radix mixtures reduce exercise-induced fatigue, and have the effect of acting as ergogenic aids on the time to exhaustion by treadmill exercise and on 5-HT synthesis and TPH expression.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2009

Ergogenic aids는 에너지를 많이 소비하는 운동선수들이나 혹은 일반 사람들일지라도 기대 수준 이상으로 운동수행능력을 개선시키거나 향상시키기 위하여 흔히 사용하는 여러 가지 물질이나 처치들을 말한다. L-carnitine은 장시간 운동을 하는 동안 근육세포의 지질산화 자극에 의해 운동수행능력 증진과 유산소능력을 증진시키며 운동 수행력 증진제로 잘 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는, 흰쥐 심근에서 유발된 field potential에 대한 L-carnitine의 작용을 통해, 심장 세포들 사이의 네트워킹으로 유도되는 세포활성 작용 기전에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. Field potential은 multi-channel extracellular recording system(MED64 system)으로 측정하였고, L-carnitine을 100 nM, 1 μM, 10 μM, 그리고 100 μM의 농도로 처리하여 대조군에서 측정된 전류의 크기와 비교하여 결과를 분석하였다. 본 실험의 결과 심근세포에 L-carnitine을 투여 시 field potential이 증가하였다. L-carnitine과 ATP-dependant K⁺ channel 길항제인 glibenclamide을 투여 시에는 field potential의 증가가 유지된 반면, L-carnitine과 ATP-dependent K⁺ channel 효현제인 diazoxide을 투여 시에는 증가된 field potential이 다시 감소되었다. 본 연구에서는 L-carnitine이 ATP-dependant K⁺ channel을 억제하여 field potential을 증가시키는 작용이 L-carnitine의 ergogenic aids로서의 새로운 기전으로 제시될 수 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2005

강한 체력과 고도의 기술이 필요한 농구경기는 휴식시간중 보다 빠른 피로회복과 큰 신장이 경기의 승패를 결정짓는 중요한 요소라 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 선수들이 도핑의 위험성이 없고 우수한 효과의 ergogenic aids를 알아보고자 하계훈련기간중 사군자탕의 섭취가 피로 유발물질인 ammonia 농도의 변화와 성장에 관련 있는 IGF-I에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 고교 농구선수에게 6주간 사군자탕을 섭취시킨 결과 ammonia는 섭취기간에 따른 기간에 유의한 차이를 나타냈고, 섭취 기간에 따른 안정시 IGF-I의 농도가 통계적으로 유의한 차(p<.01)를 나타내 사군자탕이 경기 중 피로회복과 선수들의 성장에 보다 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.1314-1322
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• 2020

Sports drinks help optimize and improve performance by delaying and eliminating the buildup of fatigue-causing substances in the body during exercise. Saengmaeg-san is a nature-friendly traditional beverage that has no side effects on the human body and can quench thirst. However, studies on the relationship between exercise ability and Saengmaeg-san are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to prescribe Saengmaeg-san during the summer training period of 4 weeks and to analyze the effect on body composition and exercise performance. Seventeen male participants were divided into 3 groups (Saengmaeg-san acid intake group [n=9], placebo group [n=8]), and body composition (height, weight, muscle mass, fat mass, BMI) and conducted exercise performance (total exercise time and HRmax). In our study, Saengmaeg-san intake had a positive effect on exercise performance, such as decreased body fat percentage, increased exercise time, and decreased HRmax. Therefore, Saengmaeg-san showed the potential as a sports drink. In the future, additional studies on fatigue-related substances, immune function-markers, and blood lipids are needed in order to clearly explain the change in exercise performance due to consumption of Saengmaeg-san.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of intake of aronia, montmorency, and Prunus mume on 10 km endurance exercise by investigating changes in blood lactate, ammonia, creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and eventually to recommend them as ergogenic aids, which are effective for recovering from exercise fatigue and muscle damage. The subjects were divided into a P. mume intake group, an aronia intake group, a montmorency intake group, and a control group. Blood samples were taken from the brachial vein at rest, and at 0, 30 min, and 24 hr after running to measure recovery status. All data were analyzed by a two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance using SPSS. The results are summarized as follows: The changes in blood ammonia and LDH concentration following 10 km of running were not significantly different among the groups. However, lactate and CK recovery ratio increased significantly in the aronia and montmorency groups compared to those in the P. mume and control groups. In particular, CK concentration was significantly different in the montmorency group compared to that in the other groups. These results suggest that the effects of aronia and montmorency are associated with improved recovery from muscle fatigue and damage induced by highly intensive exercise, endurance exercise, or overtraining. In particular, montmorency is recommended as an ergogenic aid to inhibit muscle pain resulting from high-intensity endurance exercise.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.581-588
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• 2014

본 연구는 장시간 운동 시 과라나 섭취를 통하여 혈중 에너지 기질이 운동 보조수단의 한 방법으로 운동보조제(ergogenic aids)의 역할을 할 수 있는지에 대한 활용가능성을 검토하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구를 위한 연구 대상자는 H대학교 재학 중인 중 장거리 육상 전공 남자 대학생으로 하였으며, 피험자들은 최대 심박수 기준 각 개인의 HRmax 70%의 운동 강도로 Polar(Finland)를 이용하여 60분간 트레드밀 운동을 실시하였다. 과라나 및 수분 섭취 시점은 운동 30분전, 운동시작, 20분, 40분, 운동 직후 60분으로 1회 투여량은 $200m{\ell}$씩 총 5회 섭취하도록 하였으며, 채혈은 운동 30분전, 운동 직후 60분, 회복기 30분에 걸쳐 총 3회 채혈을 하였다. 자료처리는 과라나섭취, 수분섭취와 처치시기(운동전 운동 중 휴식 시)간에 따른 반복측정에 의한 이원변량분산분석(two-way repeated ANOVA)를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 글루코스, 유리지방산, 젖산에서 수분섭취보다 과라나 섭취에서 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인하였다. 따라서 과라나가 운동보조제(ergogenic aids)로서의 기능을 가지고 있으며 과라나 섭취를 통해서 에너지 저장량을 증가시켜 운동수행능력을 향상시킬 것으로 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.729-733
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 두 가지 투여그룹을 비교하여 ergogenic aid로서 D-ribose의 효과를 운동영양학적으로 규명하는데 그 목적이 있었고, 이를 위하여 2,000 m 조정운동 전, 운동종료 직후, 그리고 운동 종료 후 회복기 30분의 변화를 연구하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 투여그룹에 따른 2,000 m 조정운동 수행력의 차이는 없었으며 둘째, 투여그룹에 따른 젖산과 암모니아 수치의 차이도 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 회복 30분에서 무기인산은 PS에 비해서 RS투여그룹의 수치가 더 낮게 나타났으며, 마지막으로 회복 30분에서 hypoxanthine의 축적은 PS투여그룹에 비해 RS투여그룹의 수치가 더 낮게 나타났다. 따라서, 7-8분 정도의 고강도 운동 시 운동기록의 단축에 D-ribose 구강투여의 효과는 없었지만, 휴식 기 피로회복에 긍정적인 효과를 줄 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.934-944
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• 2011

This study was designed to investigate the effects of Kyungohkgo to improve aerobic capacity and eliminate exercise-induced fatigue in high school soccer players. Twenty four subjects were participated and randomly assigned into two groups [KG, Kyungohkgo group (n=12); PG, Placebo control group (n=12)]. Two groups were completed treadmill exercise protocol using graded exercise test at before and after experimental treatment of 4 weeks. The $VO_2$max and endurance time were measured by gas analysis and heart rate (HR) was measured by polar system at pre, post 0, post 5, post 15, post 30 and post 60 minutes. Blood samples were collected to analyze blood components. 1. The $VO_2$max was significant increased in the group of after intake Kyungohkgo compared to the group of after intake placebo (p<.05). 2. The HR was significant decreased in the group of after intake Kyungohkgo compared to the group of after intake placebo during recovery time at post 5 mins(p<.05), 30 mins(p<.01), 60 mins(p<.01). 3. Weight, body mass index, percent body fat, anaerobic threshold, endurance time, blood lactate concentrate, lactate dyhydrogenase, creatine kinase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, other energy sources(total-cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, creatinine) and electrolyte (Na, K, Cl) were shown no significant differences between groups. These results suggested that Kyungohkgo can be used as ergogenic aids to improve aerobic capacity and eliminate exercise-induced fatigue.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2020

[Purpose] In vivo studies have demonstrated the ergogenic benefits of eleutherococcus senticosus (ES) supplementation. ES has been observed to enhance endurance capacity, improve cardiovascular function, and alter metabolic functions (e.g., increased fat utilization); however, the exact mechanisms involved remain unknown. We aimed to determine whether ES could effectively induce fat loss and improve muscle metabolic profiles through increases in lipolysis- and lipid metabolism-associated protein expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, respectively, to uncover the direct effects of ES on adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells. [Methods] Different doses of ES extracts (0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/mL) were added to cells (0.2 ES, 0.5 ES, and 1.0 ES, respectively) for 72 h and compared to the vehicle control (control). [Results] The intracellular triacylglycerol (TG) content significantly decreased (p < 0.05 for 0.2 ES, p < 0.01 for 0.5 ES and 1.0 ES) in 3T3-L1 cells. Adipose triglyceride lipase, which is involved in active lipolysis, was significantly higher in the 1.0 ES group than in the control group (p < 0.01) of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In C2C12 cells, the mitochondrial protein voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) was significantly increased in the 1.0 ES group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, we found that 1.0 ES activated both 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in skeletal muscle cells (p < 0.01). [Conclusion] These findings suggest that ES extracts decreased TG content, presumably by increasing lipase in adipocytes and metabolism-associated protein expression as well as mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle cells. These effects may corroborate previous in vivo findings regarding the ergogenic effects of ES supplementation.